Json序列化和反序列化的简单封装

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下面是Json序列化和反序列化的简单封装:

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    /// <summary>    /// Json帮助类    /// </summary>    public class JsonHelper    {        /// <summary>        /// 将对象序列化为JSON格式        /// </summary>        /// <param name="o">对象</param>        /// <returns>json字符串</returns>        public static string SerializeObject(object o)        {            string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(o);            return json;        }        /// <summary>        /// 解析JSON字符串生成对象实体        /// </summary>        /// <typeparam name="T">对象类型</typeparam>        /// <param name="json">json字符串(eg.{"ID":"112","Name":"石子儿"})</param>        /// <returns>对象实体</returns>        public static T DeserializeJsonToObject<T>(string json) where T : class        {            JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer();            StringReader sr = new StringReader(json);            object o = serializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(sr), typeof(T));            T t = o as T;            return t;        }        /// <summary>        /// 解析JSON数组生成对象实体集合        /// </summary>        /// <typeparam name="T">对象类型</typeparam>        /// <param name="json">json数组字符串(eg.[{"ID":"112","Name":"石子儿"}])</param>        /// <returns>对象实体集合</returns>        public static List<T> DeserializeJsonToList<T>(string json) where T : class        {            JsonSerializer serializer = new JsonSerializer();            StringReader sr = new StringReader(json);            object o = serializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(sr), typeof(List<T>));            List<T> list = o as List<T>;            return list;        }        /// <summary>        /// 反序列化JSON到给定的匿名对象.        /// </summary>        /// <typeparam name="T">匿名对象类型</typeparam>        /// <param name="json">json字符串</param>        /// <param name="anonymousTypeObject">匿名对象</param>        /// <returns>匿名对象</returns>        public static T DeserializeAnonymousType<T>(string json, T anonymousTypeObject)        {            T t = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json, anonymousTypeObject);            return t;        }    }
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为进一步理解Newtonsoft,写了一些测试的例子:

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  /// <summary>    /// Json测试    /// </summary>    public class JsonTest : IRun    {        public void Run()        {            Student sdudent = new Student();            sdudent.ID = 1;            sdudent.Name = "陈晨";            sdudent.NickName = "石子儿";            sdudent.Class = new Class() { Name = "CS0216", ID = 0216 };            //实体序列化和反序列化            string json1 = JsonHelper.SerializeObject(sdudent);            //json1 : {"ID":1,"Name":"陈晨","NickName":"石子儿","Class":{"ID":216,"Name":"CS0216"}}            Student sdudent1 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToObject<Student>(json1);            //实体集合序列化和反序列化            List<Student> sdudentList = new List<Student>() { sdudent, sdudent1 };            string json2 = JsonHelper.SerializeObject(sdudentList);            //json: [{"ID":1,"Name":"陈晨","NickName":"石子儿","Class":{"ID":216,"Name":"CS0216"}},{"ID":1,"Name":"陈晨","NickName":"石子儿","Class":{"ID":216,"Name":"CS0216"}}]            List<Student> sdudentList2 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToList<Student>(json2);            //DataTable序列化和反序列化            DataTable dt = new DataTable();            dt.TableName = "Student";            dt.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(int));            dt.Columns.Add("Name");            dt.Columns.Add("NickName");            DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();            dr["ID"] = 112;            dr["Name"] = "战三";            dr["NickName"] = "小三";            dt.Rows.Add(dr);            string json3 = JsonHelper.SerializeObject(dt);            //json3 : [{"ID":112,"Name":"战三","NickName":"小三"}]            DataTable sdudentDt3 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToObject<DataTable>(json3);            List<Student> sdudentList3 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToList<Student>(json3);            //验证对象和数组            Student sdudent4 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToObject<Student>("{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}");            List<Student> sdudentList4 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToList<Student>("[{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}]");            //匿名对象解析            var tempEntity = new { ID = 0, Name = string.Empty };            string json5 = JsonHelper.SerializeObject(tempEntity);            //json5 : {"ID":0,"Name":""}            tempEntity = JsonHelper.DeserializeAnonymousType("{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}", tempEntity);            var tempStudent = new Student();            tempStudent = JsonHelper.DeserializeAnonymousType("{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}", tempStudent);            Console.Read();        }    }    /// <summary>    /// 学生信息实体    /// </summary>    public class Student    {        public int ID { get; set; }        public string Name { get; set; }        public string NickName { get; set; }        public Class Class { get; set; }    }    /// <summary>    /// 学生班级实体    /// </summary>    public class Class    {        public int ID { get; set; }        public string Name { get; set; }    }
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使用Json帮助类时,有两点需要注意下:

1. 通常使用调用实体序列化SerializeObject()和反序列化DeserializeJsonToObject()两个方法就可以了。但有些情况下我们解析json字符串时,可能没有对应的实体类型(或者说不想添加对应的实体类),这时候可以用匿名对象解析方法DeserializeAnonymousType(),方便快捷,对应代码如下:

            //匿名对象解析            var tempEntity = new { ID = 0, Name = string.Empty };            string json5 = JsonHelper.SerializeObject(tempEntity);            //json5 : {"ID":0,"Name":""}            tempEntity = JsonHelper.DeserializeAnonymousType("{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}", tempEntity);            Console.WriteLine(tempEntity.ID + ":" + tempEntity.Name);

 

2. Json的两种结构数组和对象解析时略有不同。Json对象一般转换成实体,Json数组一般转换成实体集合。代码如下:

            //验证对象和数组            Student sdudent4 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToObject<Student>("{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}");            List<Student> sdudentList4 = JsonHelper.DeserializeJsonToList<Student>("[{\"ID\":\"112\",\"Name\":\"石子儿\"}]");

         简单解释下Json对象和数组的含义:

         对象是以“{”(左括号)开始,“}”(右括号)结束。每个“名称”后跟一个“:”(冒号);“‘名称/值’ 对”之间运用 “,”(逗号)分隔。名称用引号括起来;值如果是字符串则必须用括号,数值型则不须要。例如:{"ID":"112","Name":"石子儿"}。

         数组是值(value)的有序集合。一个数组以“[”(左中括号)开始,“]”(右中括号)结束。值之间运用 “,”(逗号)分隔。例如:[{"ID":"112","Name":"石子儿"},{"ID":"113","Name":"陈晨"}]。

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