linux 编程--目录相关

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一.头文件

#include <dirent.h>

二.结构体

struct dirent  {#ifndef __USE_FILE_OFFSET64    __ino_t d_ino;    __off_t d_off;#else    __ino64_t d_ino;    __off64_t d_off;#endif    unsigned short int d_reclen;    unsigned char d_type;    char d_name[256];/* We must not include limits.h! */  };

struct __dirstream{void *__fd; /* `struct hurd_fd' pointer for descriptor.   */char *__data; /* Directory block.   */int __entry_data; /* Entry number `__data' corresponds to.   */char *__ptr; /* Current pointer into the block.   */int __entry_ptr; /* Entry number `__ptr' corresponds to.   */size_t __allocation; /* Space allocated for the block.   */size_t __size; /* Total valid data in the block.   */__libc_lock_define (, __lock) /* Mutex lock for this structure.   */};typedef struct __dirstream DIR;

三.API函数

int closedir(DIR *dirp);

关闭目录
DIR *opendir(const char *dirname);

打开目录
struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);

读目录
void seekdir(DIR *dirp, long loc);

设置目录流目前的读取位置
long telldir(DIR *dirp);

目录流的当前位置

四.例子

#include<sys/types.h>#include<dirent.h>#include<stdio.h>int main(int argc, char *argv[]){DIR*dp;struct dirent*dirp;if (argc != 2){printf("use like ./ls /dev \n");return 0;}if ((dp = opendir(argv[1])) == NULL){printf("can not open dir\n");return 0;}while ((dirp = readdir(dp)) != NULL)printf("%s\n", dirp->d_name);closedir(dp);return 0;}