vsftp磁盘配额管理

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案例：

搭建一个ftp服务器，并实现以下要求：

ftp需要大量空间，需要新增硬盘，然后分区->格式化->挂载 /mnt/ftppart

新建目录：公共目录 /mnt/ftppart/public ro只读

个人目录 /mnt/ftppart/home/

每个用户的空间10M

速度：匿名用户100k/s 本地用户 1M/s

同时在线用户数量不能超过20，每个用户可以开启的连接数目最大2

步骤：

磁盘分区：

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk –l 查看磁盘分区

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 83 Linux

/dev/sda3 1319 1383 522112+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb 进行分区

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 6527.

There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,

and could in certain setups cause problems with:

1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)

2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs

(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n 添加一个分区

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p 主分区

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-6527, default 1): 起始

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-6527, default 6527): 结束

Using default value 6527

Command (m for help): p 查看

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 6527 52428096 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w 保存退出

格式化并挂载：

[root@localhost ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb1 内核识别

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 格式化

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/ftppart 创建挂载点

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/ftppart 挂载磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# df –h 查看

文件系统容量已用可用已用% 挂载点

/dev/sda2 9.7G 5.0G 4.3G 54% /

/dev/sda1 99M 12M 83M 12% /boot

tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/hdc 2.9G 2.9G 0 100% /media/RHEL_5.3 i386 DVD

/dev/sdb1 50G 180M 47G 1% /mnt/ftppart

安装vsftpd：

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom 创建光盘挂载点

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom 挂在光盘

mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server 切换到Server 目录下

[root@localhost Server]# ll |grep ftp

-r--r--r-- 99 root root 55322 2008-07-22 ftp-0.17-35.el5.i386.rpm

-r--r--r-- 99 root root 959765 2007-01-19 gftp-2.0.18-3.2.2.i386.rpm

-r--r--r-- 71 root root 870301 2007-01-19 lftp-3.5.1-2.fc6.i386.rpm

-r--r--r-- 99 root root 21509 2007-01-19 tftp-0.42-3.1.i386.rpm

-r--r--r-- 99 root root 28797 2007-01-19 tftp-server-0.42-3.1.i386.rpm

-r--r--r-- 99 root root 141003 2007-12-17 vsftpd-2.0.5-12.el5.i386.rpm

[root@localhost Server]# rpm -ivh vsftpd-2.0.5-12.el5.i386.rpm 安装vsftpd

[root@localhost Server]# cd /mnt/ftppart

[root@localhost ftppart]# mkdir public 创建public目录

[root@localhost ftppart]# mkdir home 创建home目录

[root@localhost ftppart]# ll

总计 24

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 03-20 11:51 home

drwx------ 2 root root 16384 03-20 11:38 lost+found

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 03-20 11:43 public

[root@localhost ftppart]# cd public/

[root@localhost public]# touch p1 p2

[root@localhost public]# ll

总计 0

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 03-20 11:43 p1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 03-20 11:43 p2

创建两个账号并设置密码：

[root@localhost public]# useradd user1

[root@localhost public]# useradd user2

[root@localhost public]# echo "123" |passwd --stdin user1

[root@localhost public]# echo "123" |passwd --stdin user2

修改用户默认家目录：

[root@localhost public]# grep user /etc/passwd

rpc:x:32:32:Portmapper RPC user:/:/sbin/nologin

rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin

sabayon:x:86:86:Sabayon user:/home/sabayon:/sbin/nologin

user1:x:501:502::/home/user1:/bin/bash

user2:x:502:503::/home/user2:/bin/bash

[root@localhost public]# vim /etc/passwd 修改两个用户家目录

[root@localhost public]# cd /mnt/ftppart

[root@localhost home]# cd /home

[root@localhost home]# mv * /mnt/ftppart/home

[root@localhost home]# cd /mnt/ftppart/home

[root@localhost home]# ll

总计 8

drwx------ 3 user1 user1 4096 03-20 11:44 user1

drwx------ 3 user2 user2 4096 03-20 11:44 user2

此时用户家目录已经更改：

[root@localhost home]# su - user1

[user1@localhost ~]$ pwd

/mnt/ftppart/home/user1

每创建一个用户手动更改家目录很麻烦，这时可以修改useradd参数：

[root@localhost home]# useradd -D -b /mnt/ftppart/home 修改用户默认家目录

[root@localhost home]# useradd -D

GROUP=100

HOME=/mnt/ftppart/home

INACTIVE=-1

EXPIRE=

SHELL=/bin/bash

SKEL=/etc/skel

CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes

磁盘配额：

[root@localhost home]# vim /etc/fstab编辑文件系统表格（系统启动时读取，在这个表格里加载分区）

[root@localhost home]# mount

/dev/sda2 on / type ext3 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

none on /proc/fs/vmblock/mountPoint type vmblock (rw)

sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)

/dev/hdc on /media/RHEL_5.3 i386 DVD type iso9660 (ro,noexec,nosuid,nodev,uid=0)

/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/ftppart type ext3 (rw)

/dev/hdc on /mnt/cdrom type iso9660 (ro)

[root@localhost home]# mount -o remount /dev/sdb1 重新挂载，让参数生效

[root@localhost home]# mount

/dev/sda2 on / type ext3 (rw)

proc on /proc type proc (rw)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)

/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)

tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)

none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)

none on /proc/fs/vmblock/mountPoint type vmblock (rw)

sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)

/dev/hdc on /media/RHEL_5.3 i386 DVD type iso9660 (ro,noexec,nosuid,nodev,uid=0)

/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/ftppart type ext3 (rw,usrquota)

/dev/hdc on /mnt/cdrom type iso9660 (ro)

[root@localhost ftppart]# cd /mnt/ftppart 在目录下做磁盘配额

[root@localhost ftppart]# quotacheck –augvc 扫描

[root@localhost ftppart]# edquota -u user1 修改user1的磁盘配额文件

[root@localhost ftppart]# edquota -u user2 修改user2的磁盘配额文件

[root@localhost ftppart]# quotaon /dev/sdb1 激活

[root@localhost ftppart]# echo "quotaon /dev/sdb1" >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local 加入开机脚本中

[root@localhost ftppart]# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local

[root@localhost ftppart]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf 编辑vsftpd主配置文件

anon_root=/mnt/ftppart/public 匿名账号的根

anon_max_rate=100000 匿名账号最大的速度传输速率（字节的形式，0表示无限制）

local_max_rat e=1000000 本地用户最大传输速率

max_clients=20 客户端的最大连接数量

max_per_ip=2 从同一个ip上连接的最大数

[root@localhost ftppart]# service vsftpd start 启动服务

测试：

匿名用户只可以下载，不可以上传，修改文件名等

本地用户登录后到自己的家目录可以上传下载文件，也可以新建文件夹，重命名等

当连接数超过限制时就会有如下提醒

转自

http://lulu1101.blog.51cto.com/4455468/811777