SOAP 介绍

 SOAP 介绍

作者:w3pop.com 翻译/整理:w3pop.com

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SOAP is a simple XML based protocol to let applications exchange information over HTTP.
SOAP是一个简单的基于XML的协议，它让应用程序跨HTTP进行信息交换。

Or more simply: SOAP is a protocol for accessing a Web Service.
或者更简单的：SOAP是用于访问网络服务的协议。

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What You Should Already Know
你应该已经了解的：

Before you study SOAP you should have a basic understanding of XML and XML Namespaces.
在你学习SOAP 之前，你应该能基本理解以下XML和XML命名空间。

If you want to study these subjects first, please read our XML Tutorial.
如果你想继续看下去，请先访问XML 教程.

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What is SOAP?
什么是SOAP?

• SOAP stands for Simple Object Access Protocol
  SOAP代表Simple Object Access Protocol（简单对象访问协议）
• SOAP is a communication protocol
   SOAP是通讯协议
• SOAP is for communication between applications
  SOAP用于应用程序之间的通讯
• SOAP is a format for sending messages
  SOAP是一种信息发送的格式
• SOAP is designed to communicate via Internet
  SOAP是通过因特网来通讯的
• SOAP is platform independent
  SOAP是独立的平台
• SOAP is language independent
  SOAP是独立的语言
• SOAP is based on XML
  SOAP是建立在XML基础之上的
• SOAP is simple and extensible
  SOAP是简单并可以扩展的
• SOAP allows you to get around firewalls
  SOAP允许透过防火墙传播
• SOAP will be developed as a W3C standard
  SOAP会以W3C标准为标准而发展起来。

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Why SOAP?
为什么使用SOAP？

It is important for application development to allow Internet communication between programs.
对应用程序而言，允许程序之间的因特网通讯是非常重要的。

Today's applications communicate using Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) between objects like DCOM and CORBA, but HTTP was not designed for this. RPC represents a compatibility and security problem; firewalls and proxy servers will normally block this kind of traffic.
如今的应用软件都是通过对象之间的RPC（远程过程调用，如：DCOM和CORBA）来实现通讯的，但是HTTP却不是这样的。RPC表现为兼容性和安全问题。一般情况下，防火墙和代理服务器会阻塞流量。

A better way to communicate between applications is over HTTP, because HTTP is supported by all Internet browsers and servers. SOAP was created to accomplish this.
因为所有的因特网浏览器都支持HTTP，所以在应用程序之间进行通讯还有一个更好的办法，就是跨HTTP。SOAP就是基于这个理论而被创建出来的。

SOAP provides a way to communicate between applications running on different operating systems, with different technologies and programming languages.
SOAP提供了一条途径使在不同操作系统上运行的应用程序间实现通讯（通过不同技术和程序设计语言）。

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Microsoft and SOAP
微软和SOAP

SOAP is a key element of Microsoft's .NET architecture for future Internet application development.
在未来因特网应用程序发展进程中，SOAP是微软.NET体系结构的主要元素。

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SOAP 1.1 was Proposed to W3C
向W3C提议SOAP1.1

UserLand, Ariba, Commerce One, Compaq, Developmentor, HP, IBM, IONA, Lotus, Microsoft, and SAP proposed to W3C, in May 2000, the SOAP Internet protocol that they hope will revolutionize application development by connecting graphic user interface desktop applications to powerful Internet servers using the standards of the Internet: HTTP and XML.
在2000年5月，UserLand, Ariba, Commerce One, Compaq, Developmentor, HP, IBM, IONA, Lotus, Microsoft和 SAP对W3C做出提议：他们所设想的SOAP英特网协议将通过使用HTTP以及XML两个网络标准把图形用户界面桌面应用程序（graphic user interface desktop applications）连接到强大的英特网服务中。

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W3C is Working on SOAP 1.2
W3C将在SOAP 1.2上运行

The first public Working Draft on SOAP was published from W3C in December 2001. To read more about the SOAP activities at W3C please visit our W3C tutorial.
2001年12月，SOAP上的第一份公共工作草案将在W3C上公布。如想了解更多SOAP在W3C上的活动，请访问W3C 教程。