JS--定义对象的几种方法

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1. 基于已有对象扩充其对象和方法(只适合于临时的生成一个对象):

  var obj = new Object();

  obj.name="userObject";

  obj.printName = function(name){

  this.name = name;

  alert(this.name);

  }

  obj.printName("newUserObject");

  2.工厂方式创建对象(每次创建一个object后,其中对应的方法(本例中是get)也被创建一次,方法不能被所创建的所有对象(本例中是obj1和obj2)共享):

  a.

  function createObject(){

  var obj = new Object();

  obj.name="userObject";

  obj.password = "12345";

  obj.get = function(){

  alert(this.name + ", " + this.password);

  }

  return obj;

  }

  var obj1 = createObject();

  var obj2 = createObject();

  obj1.get();

  obj2.get();

  b.带参数的构造方法:

  function createObject(username,password){

  var obj = new Object();

  obj.username = username;

  obj.password = password;

  obj.get = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  return obj;

  }

  var obj1 = createObject("zhangsan","123456");

  obj1.get();

  c.让函数被多个创建的对象所共享,而不是每一个对象都创建一个相同的函数(缺点:对象定义本身和方法分离了):

  function get(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  function createObject(username,password){

  var obj = new Object();

  obj.username = username;

  obj.password = password;

  obj.get = get;

  return obj;

  }

  var obj1 = createObject("zhangsan","123456");

  var obj2 = createObject("lisi","54321");

  obj1.get();

  obj2.get();

  3.构造函数方式:

  a.

  function Person(){

  this.username = "zhangsan";

  this.password = "123";

  this.getInfo = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  }

  var person = new Person();

  person.getInfo();

  b.可以在构造函数是传递参数:

  function Person(username,password){

  this.username = username;

  this.password = password;

  this.getInfo = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  }

  var person = new Person("zhangsan","123");

  person.getInfo();

  4.使用原型(prototype)方式创建对象:

  优点:创建的多个对象共享同一个方法(getInfo)

  缺点:创建的多个对象在共享同一个方法的同时也共享了同样的属性(username,password),实际开发中这样儿是

  不行的,必须是多个对象都要有自己的属性。

  采用该方式创建对象通常是用来扩展已有对象的某一个方法。

  a.

  function Person(){}

  Person.prototype.username = "zhangsan";

  Person.prototype.password = "123";

  Person.prototype.getInfo = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  var person = new Person();

  var person2 = new Person();

  person.username = "lisi";

  person.getInfo();

  person2.getInfo();

  b.如果使用原型方式创建对象,那么生成的所有对象将会共享原型中的属性,这样儿一个对象改变了该属性也会反应到其他的对象上:

  function Person(){}

  Person.prototype.username = new Array(0;

  Person.prototype.password = "123";

  Person.prototype.getInfo = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  var person = new Person();

  var person2 = new Person();

  person.username.push("zhangsan");

  person.username.push("lisi");

  person.password = "456";

  person.getInfo();

  person2.getInfo();

  c.使用原型和构造函数方式来创建对象:

  function Person(){

  this.username = new Array();

  this.password = "123"

  }

  Person.prototype.getInfo = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  var person = new Person();

  var person2 = new Person();

  person.username.push("zhangsan");

  person.username.push("lisi");

  person.getInfo();

  person2.getInfo();

  5.动态原型方式:在构造函数中通过标志量让所有对象共享一个方法,而每个对象拥有自己的属性。

  function Persion(){

  this.username = "zhangsan";

  this.password = "123";

  if(typeof Person.flag == "undefined"){

  Person.prototype.getInfo = function(){

  alert(this.username + ", " + this.password);

  }

  Person.flag = true;

  }

  }

  var p = new Person();

  var p2 = new Person();

  p.getInfo();

  p2.getInfo();

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