go-restful实战与深入分析之使用篇

来源：互联网发布：mac官网编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/20 07:37

go的rest框架很多国内最著名应该是beego，但这个框架设计思想比较老套而且很笨重，如果需要一个轻量级的框架我个人挺喜欢go-restful先看看怎么使用，如果有过Flask或者springMVC的经验，这个很容易上手，所以我个人觉得语言是想通的，先学好一门语言其它的按照套路来就可以了，先看代码例子：

package mainimport (    "log"    "net/http"    "github.com/emicklei/go-restful")// This example has the same service definition as restful-user-resource// but uses a different router (CurlyRouter) that does not use regular expressions//// POST http://localhost:8080/users// <User><Id>1</Id><Name>Melissa Raspberry</Name></User>//// GET http://localhost:8080/users/1//// PUT http://localhost:8080/users/1// <User><Id>1</Id><Name>Melissa</Name></User>//// DELETE http://localhost:8080/users/1//type User struct {    Id, Name string}type UserResource struct {    // normally one would use DAO (data access object)    users map[string]User}func (u UserResource) Register(container *restful.Container) {    ws := new(restful.WebService)    ws.    Path("/users").        Consumes(restful.MIME_XML, restful.MIME_JSON).        Produces(restful.MIME_JSON, restful.MIME_XML) // you can specify this per route as well    ws.Route(ws.GET("/{user-id}").To(u.findUser))    ws.Route(ws.POST("").To(u.updateUser))    ws.Route(ws.PUT("/{user-id}").To(u.createUser))    ws.Route(ws.DELETE("/{user-id}").To(u.removeUser))    container.Add(ws)}// GET http://localhost:8080/users/1//func (u UserResource) findUser(request *restful.Request, response *restful.Response) {    id := request.PathParameter("user-id")    usr , ok := u.users[id]    if !ok {        response.AddHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain")        response.WriteErrorString(http.StatusNotFound, "User could not be found.")    } else {        response.WriteEntity(usr)    }}// POST http://localhost:8080/users// <User><Id>1</Id><Name>Melissa Raspberry</Name></User>//func (u *UserResource) updateUser(request *restful.Request, response *restful.Response) {    usr := new(User)    err := request.ReadEntity(&usr)    if err == nil {        u.users[usr.Id] = *usr        response.WriteEntity(usr)    } else {        response.AddHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain")        response.WriteErrorString(http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error())    }}// PUT http://localhost:8080/users/1// <User><Id>1</Id><Name>Melissa</Name></User>//func (u *UserResource) createUser(request *restful.Request, response *restful.Response) {    usr := User{Id: request.PathParameter("user-id")}    err := request.ReadEntity(&usr)    if err == nil {        u.users[usr.Id] = usr        response.WriteHeaderAndEntity(http.StatusCreated, usr)    } else {        response.AddHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain")        response.WriteErrorString(http.StatusInternalServerError, err.Error())    }}// DELETE http://localhost:8080/users/1//func (u *UserResource) removeUser(request *restful.Request, response *restful.Response) {    id := request.PathParameter("user-id")    delete(u.users, id)}func main() {    wsContainer := restful.NewContainer()    wsContainer.Router(restful.CurlyRouter{})    u := UserResource{map[string]User{}}    u.Register(wsContainer)    log.Printf("start listening on localhost:8080")    server := &http.Server{Addr: ":8080", Handler: wsContainer}    log.Fatal(server.ListenAndServe())}

代码很简单，users的一套CURD。这里面有几个点说一下，首先需要定义一个web container的容器wsContainer，然后把webservice放到容器里面，可以理解成一个container里面有很多的webservice，每个webservice里面有先定义Path路径，在这里面是/users，在这个路径下面会有CURD的方法，通过Route去确定方法匹配和跳转。启动上面代码就可以测试了，先测试一个创建：

POST127.0.0.1:8080/users{"Id":"43a","Name":"eee"}

再测试一个查询

GET127.0.0.1:8080/users/43a

当然我不想止步于此，具体看看这个go-restful是怎样实现的。

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