Netty 粘包、拆包解决示例
来源：互联网 发布：英国gpa标准加权算法 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/05/17 20:49
Netty是一个高性能、异步事件驱动的NIO框架，它提供了对TCP、UDP和文件传输的支持，作为一个异步NIO框架，Netty的所有IO操作都是异步非阻塞的，通过Future-Listener机制，用户可以方便的主动获取或者通过通知机制获得IO操作结果。
作为当前最流行的NIO框架，Netty在互联网领域、大数据分布式计算领域、游戏行业、通信行业等获得了广泛的应用，一些业界著名的开源组件也基于Netty的NIO框架构建。
Netty示例
public class NettyServer { public void bind(int port) throws Exception { // 配置服务端的NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandler()); } }); // 绑定端口，同步等待成功 ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // 等待服务端监听端口关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放线程池资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new NettyServer().bind(port); }}public class NettyServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg; byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()]; buf.readBytes(req); String body = new String(req, "UTF-8"); System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body); String currentTime = "heqing".equalsIgnoreCase(body) ? new java.util.Date( System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "BAD ORDER"; ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes()); ctx.write(resp); } @Override public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { ctx.flush(); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { ctx.close(); }}public class NettyClient { public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception { // 配置客户端NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap(); b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyClientHandler()); } }); // 发起异步连接操作 ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync(); // 当代客户端链路关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放NIO线程组 group.shutdownGracefully(); } } /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new NettyClient().connect(port, "127.0.0.1"); }}public class NettyClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(NettyClientHandler.class.getName()); private final ByteBuf firstMessage; /** * Creates a client-side handler. */ public NettyClientHandler() { byte[] req = "heqing".getBytes(); firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(req.length); firstMessage.writeBytes(req); } @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMessage); } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg; byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()]; buf.readBytes(req); String body = new String(req, "UTF-8"); System.out.println("Now is : " + body); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { // 释放资源 logger.warning("Unexpected exception from downstream : "+ cause.getMessage()); ctx.close(); }}
粘包、拆包
public class PacketServer { public void bind(int port) throws Exception { // 配置服务端的NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new LineBasedFrameDecoder(1024)); //解决粘包拆包 ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketServerHandler()); } }); // 绑定端口，同步等待成功 ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // 等待服务端监听端口关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放线程池资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new PacketServer().bind(port); }}public class PacketServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { private int counter; @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { String body = (String) msg; System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body + " ; the counter is : " + ++counter); String currentTime = "heqing".equalsIgnoreCase(body) ? new java.util.Date( System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "BAD ORDER"; currentTime = currentTime + System.getProperty("line.separator"); ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes()); ctx.writeAndFlush(resp); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { ctx.close(); }}public class PacketClient { public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception { // 配置客户端NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap(); b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new LineBasedFrameDecoder(1024)); //解决粘包拆包 ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new PacketClientHandler()); } }); // 发起异步连接操作 ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync(); // 当代客户端链路关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放NIO线程组 group.shutdownGracefully(); } } /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new PacketClient().connect(port, "127.0.0.1"); }}public class PacketClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PacketClientHandler.class.getName()); private int counter; private byte[] req; public PacketClientHandler() { req = ("heqing" + System.getProperty("line.separator")).getBytes(); } @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { ByteBuf message = null; for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { message = Unpooled.buffer(req.length); message.writeBytes(req); ctx.writeAndFlush(message); } } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { String body = (String) msg; System.out.println("Now is : " + body + " ; the counter is : "+ ++counter); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { // 释放资源 logger.warning("Unexpected exception from downstream : "+ cause.getMessage()); ctx.close(); }}
分隔符（DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder）
public class DelimiterServer { public void bind(int port) throws Exception { // 配置服务端的NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100) .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ByteBuf delimiter = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("$_".getBytes()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(1024,delimiter)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterServerHandler()); } }); // 绑定端口，同步等待成功 ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // 等待服务端监听端口关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放线程池资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new DelimiterServer().bind(port); }}@Sharablepublic class DelimiterServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { int counter = 0; @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { String body = (String) msg; System.out.println("This is " + (++counter) + " times receive client : ["+ body + "]"); body += "#_"; ByteBuf echo = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(body.getBytes()); ctx.writeAndFlush(echo); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close();// 发生异常，关闭链路 }}public class DelimiterClient { public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception { // 配置客户端NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap(); b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ByteBuf delimiter = Unpooled.copiedBuffer("#_".getBytes()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(1024,delimiter)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterClientHandler()); } }); // 发起异步连接操作 ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync(); // 当代客户端链路关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放NIO线程组 group.shutdownGracefully(); } } /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new DelimiterClient().connect(port, "127.0.0.1"); }}public class DelimiterClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { private int counter; static final String ECHO_REQ = "heqing.$_"; @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(ECHO_REQ.getBytes())); } } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { System.out.println("This is " + (++counter) + " times receive server : ["+ msg + "]"); } @Override public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { ctx.flush(); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close(); }}
定长解码器(FixedLengthFrameDecoder)
public class FixedLenServer { public void bind(int port) throws Exception { // 配置服务端的NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100) .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new FixedLengthFrameDecoder(7)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new FixedLenServerHandler()); } }); // 绑定端口，同步等待成功 ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync(); // 等待服务端监听端口关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放线程池资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; if (args != null && args.length > 0) { try { port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { // 采用默认值 } } new FixedLenServer().bind(port); }}@Sharablepublic class FixedLenServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { System.out.println("Receive client : [" + msg + "]"); String body = "shanghai"; ByteBuf echo = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(body.getBytes()); ctx.writeAndFlush(echo); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close();// 发生异常，关闭链路 }}public class FixedLenClient { public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception { // 配置客户端NIO线程组 EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap(); b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new FixedLengthFrameDecoder(8)); ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); ch.pipeline().addLast(new FixedLenClientHandler()); } }); // 发起异步连接操作 ChannelFuture f = b.connect(host, port).sync(); // 当代客户端链路关闭 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { // 优雅退出，释放NIO线程组 group.shutdownGracefully(); } } /** * @param args * @throws Exception */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int port = 8080; new FixedLenClient().connect(port, "127.0.0.1"); }}public class FixedLenClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter { private int counter; static final String ECHO_REQ = "heqing."; @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(ECHO_REQ.getBytes())); } } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { System.out.println("This is " + (++counter) + " times receive server : ["+ msg + "]"); } @Override public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { ctx.flush(); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close(); }}
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