271. Encode and Decode Strings
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Design an algorithm to encode a list of strings to a string. The encoded string is then sent over the network and is decoded back to the original list of strings.
Machine 1 (sender) has the function:
string encode(vector<string> strs) { // ... your code return encoded_string;}Machine 2 (receiver) has the function:
vector<string> decode(string s) { //... your code return strs;}
So Machine 1 does:
string encoded_string = encode(strs);
and Machine 2 does:
vector<string> strs2 = decode(encoded_string);
strs2
in Machine 2 should be the same as strs
in Machine 1.
Implement the encode
and decode
methods.
Note:
- The string may contain any possible characters out of 256 valid ascii characters. Your algorithm should be generalized enough to work on any possible characters.
- Do not use class member/global/static variables to store states. Your encode and decode algorithms should be stateless.
- Do not rely on any library method such as
eval
or serialize methods. You should implement your own encode/decode algorithm.
From Document: If n is non-positive then the pattern will be applied as many times as possible and the array can have any length. If n is zero then the pattern will be applied as many times as possible, the array can have any length, and trailing empty strings will be discarded.
代码如下:
public class Codec { // Encodes a list of strings to a single string. public String encode(List<String> strs) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (String str: strs) { sb.append(str.length()).append("|").append(str); } return sb.toString(); } // Decodes a single string to a list of strings. public List<String> decode(String s) { List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>(); int index = s.indexOf("|"); while (index != -1) { int len = Integer.valueOf(s.substring(0, index)); list.add(s.substring(index + 1, index + 1 + len)); s = s.substring(index + 1 + len); index = s.indexOf("|"); } return list; }}// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:// Codec codec = new Codec();// codec.decode(codec.encode(strs));另一种top solution方法:
public String encode(List<String> strs) { StringBuffer out = new StringBuffer(); for (String s : strs) out.append(s.replace("#", "##")).append(" # "); return out.toString();}public List<String> decode(String s) { List strs = new ArrayList(); String[] array = s.split(" # ", -1); for (int i=0; i<array.length-1; ++i) strs.add(array[i].replace("##", "#")); return strs;}
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