python json.dumps 中文编码问题

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原文链接: python json.dumps 中文编码问题

问题描述

python与nodejs通信, 参数为json格式数据, 且包含md5校验值
参数一旦包含中文, nodejs端校验md5码时就会失败

原因

json.dumps参数ensure_ascii所致

https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/json.html
If ensure_ascii is true (the default), the output is guaranteed to have all incoming non-ASCII characters escaped.
If ensure_ascii is false, these characters will be output as-is.

解决办法

json.dumps时设置参数ensure_ascii=False

解决过程

nodejs测试代码

md5 = require('md5');data = {'中':'国'};console.log(data);j = JSON.stringify(data);console.log(j);var r = md5(j);console.log(r);

输出

{ '中': '国' }{"中":"国"}d2a4c44eea271a0e00f70e4ea6fd88aa

node-md5, https://github.com/pvorb/node-md5

python测试代码

➜  ~ python3Python 3.5.2 (default, Sep 14 2016, 11:28:32) [GCC 6.2.1 20160901 (Red Hat 6.2.1-1)] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import json>>> import hashlib>>> _dict = {'中': '国'}>>> _json = json.dumps(_dict, separators=(',', ':'))>>> _json'{"\\u4e2d":"\\u56fd"}'>>> _json.encode('utf-8')b'{"\\u4e2d":"\\u56fd"}'>>> m = hashlib.md5()>>> m.update(_json.encode('utf-8'))>>> m.hexdigest()'84d64021339907e604f1dff60f505c14'>>> _json = json.dumps(_dict, separators=(',', ':'), ensure_ascii=False)>>> _json'{"中":"国"}'>>> _json.encode('utf-8')b'{"\xe4\xb8\xad":"\xe5\x9b\xbd"}'>>> m = hashlib.md5()>>> m.update(_json.encode('utf-8'))>>> m.hexdigest()'d2a4c44eea271a0e00f70e4ea6fd88aa'

其他补充

json.dumps参数separators, 如果不设置为separators=(‘,’, ‘:’)也会导致nodejs端校验md5码失败

The default is (‘, ‘, ‘: ‘) if indent is None and (‘,’, ‘: ‘) otherwise.
To get the most compact JSON representation, you should specify (‘,’, ‘:’) to eliminate whitespace.
Changed in version 3.4: Use (‘,’, ‘: ‘) as default if indent is not None.

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