Material Design系列风格控件之(二)----NavigationView和DrawerLayout实现侧滑菜单栏

一、简介

DrawerLayout可以轻松的实现抽屉效果、在DrawerLayout中，第一个子View必须是显示内容的view，第二个view是抽屉view,设置属性layout_gravity=”left|right”,表示是从左边滑出还是右边滑出。 

NavigationView是Android M中提出一个新的MD风格的组件，它将自己一分为二，上面显示一个通用的布局，下面显示一组菜单。与DrawerLayout一起使用可以实现通用的侧滑菜单。

简单来说就是:

DrawerLayout：实现侧滑菜单的基础。
NavigationView：作为侧滑菜单布局的一种实现方式。

二、NavigationView占满全屏

DrawerLayout有两个子布局

第一个是主界面（使用FrameLayout，宽高都match_parent）
第二个就是侧滑菜单的布局了（使用NavigationView，通过设置layout_gravity为left 或是right 来确定菜单摆放的位置）。

打开抽屉： DrawerLayout .openDrawer();
关闭抽屉：DrawerLayout.closeDrawer( );

1、布局

目录结构:

NavigationView通常放置在DrawerLayout内部。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"    tools:openDrawer="start">    <!--第一个，显示的布局-->    <include        layout="@layout/app_bar_main"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent" />    <!--第二个，不显示的抽屉布局-->    <!-- 菜单布局NavigationView headerLayout设置HeaderView menu设置菜单 -->    <android.support.design.widget.NavigationView        android:id="@+id/nav_view"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:layout_gravity="start"        android:fitsSystemWindows="true"        app:headerLayout="@layout/nav_header_main"        app:menu="@menu/activity_main_drawer" /></android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

NavigationView有两个app属性，分别为app:headerLayout和app:menu，headerLayout用于显示头部的布局（可选），menu用于建立MenuItem选项的菜单。

其中：

android:fitsSystemWindows的值用于设置状态栏透明化与否。
android:layout_gravity可设置抽屉，也就是NavigationView从左边或是右边打开。
app:menu用于设置菜单内容的xml布局。
app:headerLayout用于设置NavigationView的HeaderView的xml布局文件。

app_bar_main布局文件为:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"    >    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar            android:id="@+id/toolbar"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"            app:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay" />    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>    <!--引入content_main布局-->    <include layout="@layout/content_main" /></android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

content_main布局文件为:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"    tools:showIn="@layout/app_bar_main">    <TextView        android:id="@+id/textView"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="Hello World!" />    <Button        android:id="@+id/snackbar"        android:layout_below="@id/textView"        android:text="点我吧"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        /></RelativeLayout>

2、编写NavigationView中的menu的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">    <group android:checkableBehavior="none">        <item            android:id="@+id/nav_me"            android:title="我"            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_mine_gray_24"/>        <item            android:id="@+id/nav_friend"            android:title="好友"            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_friends_gray_24"/>        <item            android:id="@+id/nav_notification"            android:title="通知"            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_notification_gray_24"/>        <item            android:id="@+id/nav_message"            android:title="私信"            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_messages_gray_24"            />    </group>    <group android:checkableBehavior="none"        android:id="@+id/group_manage">        <item            android:id="@+id/nav_manage"            android:title="应用管理"            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_app_management_gray_24"/>    </group>   <group       android:checkableBehavior="none"       android:id="@+id/group_settings">       <item android:id="@+id/nav_theme"           android:title="主题风格"/>       <item android:id="@+id/nav_night"           android:title="夜间模式"/>       <item android:id="@+id/nav_setting"           android:title="设置"/>       <item android:id="@+id/nav_suggestion"           android:title="意见反馈"/>       <item android:id="@+id/nav_about"           android:title="关于"/>   </group></menu>

menu可以分组，group的android:checkableBehavior属性设置为single可以设置该组为单选

Activity主题必须设置先这两个属性

 <style name="AppTheme.NoActionBar">        <item name="windowActionBar">false</item>        <item name="windowNoTitle">true</item>    </style>

未设置Activity主题会爆出错误信息:

vCaused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: This Activity already has an action bar supplied by the window decor. Do not request Window.FEATURE_SUPPORT_ACTION_BAR and set windowActionBar to false in your theme to use a Toolbar instead.

在AndroidManifest.xml中设置主题为android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar"

3、实现onNavigationItemSelected接口来处理抽屉菜单项的选中事件。

这里用了ButterKnife所以要加入依赖:

compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:7.0.1'

代码如下:

package com.example.demo2;import android.content.Intent;import android.support.annotation.NonNull;import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;import android.text.TextUtils;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import butterknife.ButterKnife;import butterknife.OnClick;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener, View.OnClickListener{    private TextView mTextView;    private ImageView mImageView;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);        DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);        ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(                this, drawer, toolbar, R.string.navigation_drawer_open, R.string.navigation_drawer_close);        drawer.setDrawerListener(toggle);        toggle.syncState();        NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);        navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);        mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView);        mImageView = (ImageView) navigationView.getHeaderView(0).findViewById(R.id.ivAvatar);        mImageView.setOnClickListener(this);        ButterKnife.bind(this);    }    @Override    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {        int id = item.getItemId();        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {            return true;        }        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View view) {        if(view.getId()==R.id.ivAvatar){            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "点击了头像", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            //Intent intent = new Intent(this,LoginActivity.class);            //startActivity(intent);        }    }    @OnClick(R.id.snackbar)    void goToSnackbar(){        //startActivity(new Intent(this,SnackBarActivity.class));        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你点击了我!!!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }    @SuppressWarnings("StatementWithEmptyBody")    @Override    public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {        int id = item.getItemId();        String string = null;        switch (id){            case R.id.nav_me:                string = "我";                break;            case R.id.nav_about:                string = "关于";                break;            case R.id.nav_friend:                string = "好友";                break;            case R.id.nav_manage:                string = "通知";                break;            case R.id.nav_message:                string = "私信";                break;            case R.id.nav_night:                string = "夜间模式";                break;            case R.id.nav_notification:                string = "通知";                break;            case R.id.nav_setting:                string= "设置";                break;            case R.id.nav_suggestion:                string = "意见反馈";                break;            case R.id.nav_theme:                string = "主题风格";                break;        }        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(string))            mTextView.setText("你点击了"+string);        DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);        drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);        return true;    }    @Override    public void onBackPressed() {        DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);        if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {            drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);        } else {            super.onBackPressed();        }    }    @Override    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.        //右角设置布局        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);        return true;    }}

效果图：

示例:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u011781521/9829159

四、NavigationView在Toolbar下方

activity_main.xml布局文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"              xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"              xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"              android:layout_width="match_parent"              android:layout_height="match_parent"              android:orientation="vertical"              tools:context="zhj.newtoolbardemo.MainActivity">    <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar        android:id="@+id/mToolBar"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"        android:elevation="4dp"        android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.ActionBar"        app:popupTheme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"        >    </android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>    <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout        android:id="@+id/drawerLayout"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent">        <!-- 内容部分 -->        <FrameLayout            android:id="@+id/content"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"/>        <!-- 左侧侧滑部分 -->        <android.support.design.widget.NavigationView            android:id="@+id/nv_menu_left"            android:layout_width="240dp"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:layout_gravity="left"            app:headerLayout="@layout/header"            app:menu="@menu/menu_drawer"/>    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout></LinearLayout>

头文件header.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"                android:layout_width="match_parent"                android:layout_height="match_parent"                android:background="@color/colorPrimary"                android:orientation="vertical">    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/header"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerInParent="true"        android:layout_marginTop="15dp"        android:layout_marginBottom="15dp"        android:background="@mipmap/ic_launcher"/>    <TextView        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_below="@+id/header"        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"        android:layout_marginBottom="15dp"        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"        android:text="fendo"        android:textColor="@android:color/white"        android:textSize="16sp"/></RelativeLayout>

菜单选项文件:

1.menu_drawer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>    <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">        <group>            <item                android:id="@+id/navigation_item1"                android:checkable="true"                android:checked="true"                android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"                android:title="选项一"/>            <item                android:id="@+id/navigation_item2"                android:checkable="true"                android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"                android:title="选项二"/>            <item                android:id="@+id/navigation_item3"                android:checkable="true"                android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"                android:title="选项三"/>        </group>        <item            android:id="@+id/navigation_sub"            android:title="设置">            <menu>                <item                    android:id="@+id/navigation_sub_item1"                    android:checkable="true"                    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"                    android:title="简介"/>                <item                    android:id="@+id/navigation_sub_item2"                    android:checkable="true"                    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"                    android:title="详情"/>                <item                    android:id="@+id/navigation_sub_item3"                    android:checkable="true"                    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"                    android:title="更多"/>            </menu>        </item>    </menu>

2.menu_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" >    <item android:id="@+id/action_1"        android:title="其他"        android:orderInCategory="80"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        app:showAsAction="never" />    <item android:id="@+id/action_tip"        android:title="提醒"        android:orderInCategory="90"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        app:showAsAction="never" />    <item android:id="@+id/action_menu"        android:title="设置"        android:orderInCategory="90"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        app:showAsAction="never" /></menu>

Main文件:

package zhj.newtoolbardemo;import android.os.Bundle;import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.view.Window;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;    private Toolbar mToolBar;    private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;    private NavigationView nv_menu_left;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        supportRequestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        mToolBar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.mToolBar);        nv_menu_left= (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nv_menu_left);        mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawerLayout);        View  headerView = nv_menu_left.getHeaderView(0);        ImageView iv= (ImageView) headerView.findViewById(R.id.header);        mToolBar.setTitle("标题");  //设置主标题        setSupportActionBar(mToolBar); //设置actionbar        getSupportActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);  //设置返回键可用        getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true); //创建返回键，并实现打开关/闭监听        mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout, mToolBar, R.string.app_name, R.string.app_name){            @Override            public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {                super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);            }            @Override            public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView) {                super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);            }        };        mDrawerToggle.syncState();  //初始化状态        mDrawerLayout.addDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle); //将DrawerLayout与DrawerToggle绑定        //为头像设置点击事件        iv.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View view) {                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "你点击了头像", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        });        //设置导航栏NavigationView的点击事件        nv_menu_left.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(new NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {            @Override            public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem item) {                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), item.getItemId(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                switch (item.getItemId()) {                    case R.id.navigation_item1:                        mToolBar.setTitle("选项一");                        break;                    case R.id.navigation_item2:                        mToolBar.setTitle("选项二");                        break;                    case R.id.navigation_item3:                        mToolBar.setTitle("选项三");                        break;                    case R.id.navigation_sub_item1:                        mToolBar.setTitle("简介");                        break;                    case R.id.navigation_sub_item2:                        mToolBar.setTitle("详情");                        break;                    case R.id.navigation_sub_item3:                        mToolBar.setTitle("更多");                        break;                }                //将选中设为点击状态                item.setChecked(true);                //关闭抽屉                mDrawerLayout.closeDrawers();                return true;            }        });    }    // 菜单的点击回调    private Toolbar.OnMenuItemClickListener onMenuItemClick = new Toolbar.OnMenuItemClickListener() {        @Override        public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem menuItem) {            String msg = "";            switch (menuItem.getItemId()) {                case R.id.action_1:                    msg += "点击其他1";                    break;                case R.id.action_tip:                    msg += "点击提醒";                    break;                case R.id.action_menu:                    msg += "点击设置";                    break;            }            if (!msg.equals("")) {                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }            return true;        }    };    //设置右上角的填充菜单    @Override    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);        return true;    }}

效果如下:

示例:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u011781521/9829158