C语言学生信息管理系统(动态链表版)

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大一上学期的期末作业,只记得当时弄了好长时间。在写代码的过程中,能发现很多问题,错误,折磨人的很。不过也确实学到了好多东西。这其中,有王瑶哥和菲菲姐的热心帮助。在此谢谢他们喽~

当然,现在看来,代码还有很多可以优化的地方。本程序功能还算齐全,BUG还有待发现,没有包含输入检测机制。精力有限,后悔当年没有养成写注释的习惯,现在放在那里自己都不愿意看了,=_=!  等以后有机会用C++再写个吧。

图样:



代码:

/* * C语言学生信息管理系统(动态链表版) * 作者:odaynot * 时间:2011年 * 功能:增添新键数据、修改删除数据、查询统计数据 * 平台:windows */  #include <stdio.h>  #include <stdlib.h>  #include <string.h>  #include <windows.h>  # define LEN sizeof(struct Student)    struct Student {  char num[10];  /*学号*/  char name[20]; /*姓名*/  char sex[10];  /*性别*/  int age;       /*年龄*/  char phone[12];/*电话*/  char qq[12];   /*QQ号*/  float cscore;  /*C语言成绩*/  float escore;  /*英语成绩*/  struct Student *next;  };    char filename[30];//全局变量,用来保存要打开的文件名字    /*生成链表*/  struct Student *Creat(int n) {      void menu_print_in(void);      struct Student *head;      struct Student *p1, *p2;        system("cls");      for(int i=1;i<n+1;i++) {          p1 = (struct Student*)malloc(LEN);          menu_print_in();          scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",p1->num,p1->name,p1->sex,          &p1->age,p1->phone,p1->qq,&p1->cscore,&p1->escore);          p1->next = NULL;          if(i==1) {              head = p2 = p1;          }          else {              p2->next = p1;              p2 = p1;          }      }      return(head);  }    /*数据存盘(wb只写)*/  void WriteData_wb(struct Student *head) {      FILE *fp;      struct Student *p;      if((fp = fopen(filename, "wb"))==NULL)      printf("\a error! Can not open the file!");      p = head;      while(p!=NULL) {          if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1) {              printf("写入数据出错\n");              fclose(fp);              return;          }          p=p->next;      }      fclose(fp);  }    /*数据存盘(ab追加)*/  void WriteData_ab(struct Student *head) {      FILE *fp;      struct Student *p;      if((fp = fopen(filename, "ab"))==NULL)      printf("\a error! Can not open the file!");      p = head;      while(p!=NULL) {      if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1) {              printf("写入数据出错\n");              fclose(fp);              return;          }          p=p->next;      }      fclose(fp);  }      /*读取数据*/  /*读取数据文件保存到链表中 ,返回指向此链表头指针*/  struct Student *ReadData(void) {      struct Student *head = NULL;      struct Student *p1, *p2;//s = p1;p = p2;        FILE *fp;      if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb+"))==NULL)      {          printf("打开文件出错\n");          exit(0);      }      while(!feof(fp)) {          if((p1=(struct Student*)malloc(LEN))==NULL){              printf("内存申请出错\n");              fclose(fp);              exit(0);          }          if(fread(p1,LEN,1,fp)!=1){              free(p1);              break;          }          if(head==NULL)          head=p2=p1;          else{              p2->next=p1;              p2=p1;          }      }      fclose(fp);      return (head);  }    /*【1】全量查询*/  void Print_inquire_all(void) {      void menu_print_out(void);      struct Student *pt;      pt = ReadData();      menu_print_out();      do {          printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",          pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,          pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);          pt = pt->next;      }while(pt!=NULL);      printf("\n\n");  }    /*【2】学号查询*/  int Print_inquire_num() {      void menu_print_out(void);      struct Student *pt;      char str_num[10];      printf("◎请输入您要查询的学号:");      scanf("%s", str_num);      pt = ReadData();      menu_print_out();      do {          if(strcmp(pt->num,str_num)==0) {              printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",              pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,              pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);              printf("\n\n");              return 0;          }          pt = pt->next;      }while(pt!=NULL);      printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据!\n");      printf("\n\n");      return 0;  }    /*【3】姓名查询*/  int Print_inquire_name() {      void menu_print_out(void);      struct Student *pt;      char str_name[20];      printf("◎请输入您要查询的姓名:");      scanf("%s", str_name);      pt = ReadData();      menu_print_out();      do {          if(strcmp(pt->name,str_name)==0) {              printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",              pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,              pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);              printf("\n\n");              return 0;          }          pt = pt->next;      }while(pt!=NULL);      printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据!\n");      printf("\n\n");      return 0;  }    /*【4】模糊查询*/  int Print_inquire_fuzzy(void) {      void menu_print_out(void);      struct Student *pt;      char str_find[20];      int m = 0;      printf("◎请输入您要查询的关键词:");      scanf("%s", str_find);      pt = ReadData();      menu_print_out();      do {          if(strstr(pt->num,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->name,str_find)!=0          ||strstr(pt->sex,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->phone,str_find)!=0          ||strstr(pt->qq,str_find)!=0) {              printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",              pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,              pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);              m = 1;          }          pt = pt->next;      }while(pt!=NULL);      if(!m)          printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据!\n");      printf("\n\n");      return 0;  }    /*成绩统计*/  int Print_inquire_stats(void) {      struct Student *head, *p1;      float CMIN, CMAX, EMIN, EMAX, SMIN, SMAX;      head = ReadData();      p1 = head;      CMIN = CMAX = p1->cscore;      EMIN = EMAX = p1->escore;      SMIN = SMAX = p1->cscore + p1->escore;      while(p1->next!=NULL) {          if(p1->cscore > CMAX) {              CMAX = p1->cscore;          }          if(p1->cscore < CMIN) {              CMIN = p1->cscore;          }          if(p1->escore > EMAX) {              EMAX = p1->escore;          }          if(p1->escore < EMIN) {              EMIN = p1->escore;          }          if((p1->cscore + p1->escore) > SMAX) {              SMAX = (p1->cscore + p1->escore);          }          if((p1->cscore + p1->escore) < SMIN) {              SMIN = (p1->cscore + p1->escore);          }          p1 = p1->next;      }      printf("\n");      printf("◎数据库中C语言最高分为:%4.1f \n", CMAX);      printf("◎数据库中C语言最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", CMIN);      printf("◎数据库中英语最高分为:%4.1f \n", EMAX);      printf("◎数据库中英语最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", EMIN);      printf("◎数据库中总成绩最高分为:%4.1f \n", SMAX);      printf("◎数据库中总成绩最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", SMIN);      printf("\n");      printf("【PS:更多统计功能更在开发中,敬请期待O(∩_∩)O】\n\n");      return 0;  }    /*【1】修改数据之删除记录*/  int Delete() {      struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;      char str_num[20];      printf("\n◎请输入您要删除的学号信息:");      scanf("%s", str_num);      pt1 = ReadData();      pt2 = pt1->next;      head = pt1;      while(pt2!=NULL) {          if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0) {              WriteData_wb(pt2);          }          else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0) {              pt1->next = pt2->next;              WriteData_wb(head);          }          pt2 = pt2->next;          pt1 = pt1->next;      }      if(pt2!=NULL)      printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据!\n");      printf("\n\n");      return 0;  }    /*【2】修改数据之修改记录*/  int Amend() {      void menu_print_in(void);      struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;      char str_num[20];      printf("◎请输入您要修改的学号信息:");      scanf("%s", str_num);      pt1 = ReadData();      pt2 = pt1->next;      head = pt1;      while(pt2!=NULL) {          if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0) {              menu_print_in();              scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",pt1->num,pt1->name,pt1->sex,              &pt1->age,pt1->phone,pt1->qq,&pt1->cscore,&pt1->escore);              WriteData_wb(head);          }          else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0) {              menu_print_in();              scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",pt2->num,pt2->name,pt2->sex,              &pt2->age,pt2->phone,pt2->qq,&pt2->cscore,&pt2->escore);              WriteData_wb(head);          }          pt2 = pt2->next;          pt1 = pt1->next;      }      if(pt2!=NULL)      printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据!\n");      return 0;  }    /*【3】修改数据之整理数据*/  int Neaten() {      struct Student *first;      struct Student *tail;      struct Student *p_min;      struct Student *min;      struct Student *p;      struct Student *head;          head = ReadData();      first = NULL;      while(head!=NULL) {          for(p=head,min=head; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) {              if(strcmp(p->next->num,min->num)<0) {                  p_min = p;                  min = p->next;              }          }          if(first==NULL) {              first = min;              tail = min;          }          else {              tail->next = min;              tail = min;          }          if(min==head) {              head = head->next;          }          else {              p_min->next = min->next;          }      }      if(first!=NULL) {          tail->next = NULL;      }      head = first;        WriteData_wb(head);      return 0;  }    /*输入写入数据的数量*/  int Creat_num(void) {      printf("\n◎请输入您此次要添加的数据个数:");      int n;      if(scanf("%d", &n)!=1) {          printf("\a error!");      }      return n;  }    /*选择将要打开的文件*/  int File_name() {      printf("\n◎请输入您想要打开的文件:");      if(scanf("%s", filename)!=1)      printf("\a error!");      return 0;  }    /*主菜单*/  void menu(void) {      void menu_add(void);      void menu_inquire(void);      void menu_amend(void);      printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");      printf("╭══════╣学生管理系统V1.0╠══════╮\n");      printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");      printf("║   【1】添加数据           【3】修改数据    ║\n");      printf("║                                            ║\n");      printf("║   【2】查询数据           【4】退出系统    ║\n");      printf("║                                            ║\n");      printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");      printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");        int a = 0;      a = getchar();        while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4') {          printf("error! please input the right number!\n");          putchar('\a');          getchar();          printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");          a = getchar();      }      switch(a) {          case '1': File_name();menu_add();          break;          case '2': File_name();menu_inquire();          break;          case '3': File_name();menu_amend();          break;          case '4': exit(0);          break;      }      getchar();  }    /*二级菜单之添加数据*/  void menu_add(void) {      system("cls");      getchar();      printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");      printf("╭══════╣  添加数据方式  ╠══════╮\n");      printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");      printf("║ 【1】新建文件 【2】增添数据 【3】返回菜单  ║\n");      printf("║                                            ║\n");      printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");      printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");        int a = 0;      a = getchar();        while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3') {          printf("error! please input the right number!\n");          putchar('\a');          getchar();          printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");          a = getchar();      }      switch(a) {          case '1': WriteData_wb(Creat(Creat_num()));           printf("\n◎新建文件成功且数据已成功保存◎\n");               system("pause");           system("cls");           menu_add();          break;          case '2': WriteData_ab(Creat(Creat_num()));               printf("\n◎数据已成功添加◎\n");               system("pause");           system("cls");           menu_add();          break;          case '3': system("cls");           getchar();           menu();          break;      }  }    /*二级菜单之查询数据*/  void menu_inquire(void) {      system("cls");      getchar();      while(1) {      system("cls");      printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");      printf("╭══════╣  查询数据方式  ╠══════╮\n");      printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");      printf("║    【1】全量查询         【4】模糊查询     ║\n");      printf("║                                            ║\n");      printf("║    【2】学号查询         【5】成绩统计     ║\n");      printf("║                                            ║\n");      printf("║    【3】姓名查询         【6】返回菜单     ║\n");      printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");      printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");      int a = 0;      a = getchar();        while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='3'&&a!='4'&&a!='5'&&a!='6') {              printf("error! please input the right number!\n");              putchar('\a');              getchar();              printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");              a = getchar();          }          switch(a) {              case '1': Print_inquire_all();system("pause");getchar();              break;              case '2': Print_inquire_num();system("pause");getchar();              break;              case '3': Print_inquire_name();system("pause");getchar();              break;              case '4': Print_inquire_fuzzy();system("pause");getchar();;              break;              case '5': Print_inquire_stats();system("pause");getchar();              break;              case '6': system("cls");getchar();menu();              break;          }      }  }    /*二级菜单之修改数据*/  void menu_amend(void) {      system("cls");      getchar();      while(1) {      system("cls");      printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");      printf("╭══════╣  修改数据方式  ╠══════╮\n");      printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");      printf("║    【1】删除记录          【3】整理数据    ║\n");      printf("║                                            ║\n");      printf("║    【2】修改记录          【4】返回菜单    ║\n");      printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");      printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");        int a = 0;      a = getchar();        while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4') {          printf("error! please input the right number!\n");          putchar('\a');          getchar();          printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");          a = getchar();          }          switch(a) {              case '1': Delete();               printf("\n\n◎已成功删除指定数据◎\n");               system("pause");               getchar();              break;              case '2': Amend();                   printf("\n\n◎已成功修改指定数据◎\n");               system("pause");                   getchar();              break;              case '3': Neaten();               printf("\n\n◎数据已成功按照学号重新排列◎\n");               system("pause");               getchar();              break;              case '4': system("cls");               getchar();               menu();              break;          }      }  }    /*输入输出提示栏*/  void menu_print_in(void) {      printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");      printf("学号      姓名     性别  年龄    电话         QQ        C    E          \n");      printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");  }  void menu_print_out(void) {      printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");      printf("学号      姓名     性别  年龄    电话         QQ        C    E    A    S  \n");      printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");  }    /*主函数*/  int main(void) {      SetConsoleTitle(L"C++学生信息管理系统");      menu();      return 0;   }  
转载来自:http://blog.csdn.net/odaynot/article/details/7942497?ABstrategy=codes_snippets_optimize_v4
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