httpclient 以及 urlConnection 发送请求

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httpClient 最本质的功能是执行 http 方法。
httpClient 参考文档地址：(http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/tutorial/html/fundamentals.html#d5e43)
测试代码 github 下载地址：(https://github.com/xiaoyugelicai/TestJackson.git)
具体示例代码如下：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>            <version>4.5.2</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpcore -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>            <version>4.4.5</version>        </dependency>

package testJackson;import java.io.IOException;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import org.junit.Test;/** * 测试 httpClient post相关方法 * @author hualei * @date May 3, 2017 11:10:15 AM *  */public class TestHttpClient {    /**     * 传递 键值对 数据     * @throws ClientProtocolException     * @throws IOException     */    @Test    public void postNameValuePairData() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();        String data = "data";        String partnerId = "partnerId";        String password = "password";        List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();        nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("version", "1.0"));        nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("partnerId", partnerId));        nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));        nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("xmldata", data));        // validate 为 data + partner + password 进行 md5 加密后的结果        nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("validate", md5sign(data + partnerId + password)));        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("url");        UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs);        httpPost.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity);        // 通过 requestConfig 配置连接超时和socket超时        // 连接超时指 网络与服务器建立连接 超时时间        // socket超时指 读数据 超时时间，也就是从 服务器获取响应数据需要等待的时间        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(3000).setSocketTimeout(3000).build();        httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);        // 发送请求        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();        if(entity != null){            System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8"));        }    }    /**     * 传递 值 数据     * @throws IOException      * @throws ClientProtocolException      */    @Test    public void postValueData() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();        String data = "data";        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("url");        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(data, "utf-8");        httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();        if(entity != null){            System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(entity));        }    }    public static char hexDigits[] = { // 用来将字节转换成 16 进制表示的字符            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };    public static String md5sign(String data) {        try {            MessageDigest messagedigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");            messagedigest.reset();            messagedigest.update(data.getBytes("UTF8"));            byte abyte0[] = messagedigest.digest();            char str[] = new char[16 * 2]; // 每个字节用 16 进制表示的话，使用两个字符，            // 所以表示成 16 进制需要 32 个字符            int k = 0; // 表示转换结果中对应的字符位置            for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { // 从第一个字节开始，对 MD5 的每一个字节                // 转换成 16 进制字符的转换                byte byte0 = abyte0[i]; // 取第 i 个字节                str[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 >>> 4 & 0xf]; // 取字节中高 4 位的数字转换,                // >>> 为逻辑右移，将符号位一起右移                str[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 & 0xf]; // 取字节中低 4 位的数字转换            }            return new String(str);        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();            throw new RuntimeException("获得密文时出错！");        }    }}

/**     * 通过 URLConnection 发送请求     * @throws IOException     */    public void testPost() throws IOException {        URL url= new URL("https://www.google.com");        HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();           // //设置连接属性           httpConn.setDoOutput(true);// 使用 URL 连接进行输出           httpConn.setDoInput(true);// 使用 URL 连接进行输入           httpConn.setUseCaches(false);// 忽略缓存           httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");// 设置URL请求方法           String requestString = "客服端要以以流方式发送到服务端的数据...";           // 设置请求属性           // 获得数据字节数据，请求数据流的编码，必须和下面服务器端处理请求流的编码一致           byte[] requestStringBytes = requestString.getBytes("utf-8");           httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-length", "" + requestStringBytes.length);           httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");           httpConn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");// 维持长连接           httpConn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");           // 建立输出流，并写入数据           OutputStream outputStream = httpConn.getOutputStream();           outputStream.write(requestStringBytes);           outputStream.close();           // 获得响应状态           int responseCode = httpConn.getResponseCode();           PrintUtil.print("response code", responseCode);        if (HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK == responseCode) {// 连接成功           // 当正确响应时处理数据           StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();           String readLine;           BufferedReader responseReader;           // 处理响应流，必须与服务器响应流输出的编码一致            responseReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));           while ((readLine = responseReader.readLine()) != null) {               sb.append(readLine).append("\n");           }           responseReader.close();           }     }

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