[cocos2dx]网络请求httpClient

HttpClient是HTTP客户端的接口。HttpClient封装了各种对象，处理cookies，身份认证，连接管理等。

概念

HttpClient的使用一般包含下面6个步骤：

• 创建 HttpRequest 的实例；
• 设置某种连接方法的类型（GET、POST等），这里通过setUrl传入待连接的地址；
• 设置响应回调函数，读取response；
• 添加请求到HttpClient任务队列；
• 释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接；
• 对得到后的内容进行处理。

如何使用

引入头文件和命名空间

#include "network/HttpClient.h"using namespace cocos2d::network;

HttpRequest 实例

我们将使用HttpRequest无参数的构造函数，它为大多数情况提供了一个很好的默认设置，所以我们使用它。

HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();

设置连接方法的类型和待连接的地址

由HTTP规范定义的各种方法对应各种不同的HttpRequest类。

我们将使用Get方法，这是一个简单的方法，它只是简单地取得一个URL，获取URL指向的文档。

request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);request->setUrl("http://www.httpbin.org/get");

设置回调

无论服务器返回怎样的状态，响应主体response body总是可读的，这至关重要。

request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpComplete,this));

在onHttpComplete里读取响应数据：

std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();//Get the request data pointer back

添加请求到HttpClient任务队列

cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);

释放连接

这是一个可以让整个流程变得完整的关键步骤, 我们必须告诉HttpClient，我们已经完成了连接，并且它现在可以重用。如果不这样做的话，HttpClient将无限期地等待一个连接释放，以便它可以重用。

要释放连接，使用:

request->release();

处理响应

现在，我们已经完成了与HttpClient的交互，可以集中精力做我们需要处理的数据。在这个例子中，我们仅仅将它在控制台上输出。

// dump datastd::vector *buffer = response->getResponseData();printf("Http Test, dump data: ");for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++){    printf("%c", (*buffer)[i]);}printf("\n");

如果你需要把response作为一个流来读取它里面的信息，上面的步骤将会同如何解析这个连接结合，当你处理完所有的数据后，关闭输入流，并释放该连接。

GET请求示例

下面是一个通过HttpClient的HTTP GET请求的例子。

 HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();    request->setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");    request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);    request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));    request->setTag("GET test");    cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);    request->release();

POST请求示例

下面将发送一个POST请求到URL“http://httpbin.org/post”。

    HttpRequest* request = new HttpRequest();    request->setUrl("http://httpbin.org/post");    request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::POST);    request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));    // write the post data    const char* postData = "visitor=cocos2d&TestSuite=Extensions Test/NetworkTest";    request->setRequestData(postData, strlen(postData));    request->setTag("POST test");    cocos2d::network::HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);    request->release();

处理网络回调函数

void HelloWorld::onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient *sender, HttpResponse *response){    if (!response)    {        return;    }       // You can get original request type from: response->request->reqType    if (0 != strlen(response->getHttpRequest()->getTag()))    {        log("%s completed", response->getHttpRequest()->getTag());    }       int statusCode = response->getResponseCode();    char statusString[64] = {};    sprintf(statusString, "HTTP Status Code: %d, tag = %s", statusCode, response->getHttpRequest()->getTag());    _labelStatusCode->setString(statusString);    log("response code: %d", statusCode);       if (!response->isSucceed())    {        log("response failed");        log("error buffer: %s", response->getErrorBuffer());        return;    }    // dump data    std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();    printf("Http Test, dump data: ");    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++)    {        printf("%c", (*buffer)[i]);    }    printf("\n");}

Android

需要注意的是，如果你是Android环境，不要忘了在您的应用程序的Manifest 中增加相应的权限：

<uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.INTERNET” />

详细代码可参照..\tests\Cpp\TestCpp\Classes\ExtensionsTest\NetworkTest\HttpClientTest.cpp

HttpManager架构

HttpManager.h文件

#pragma once#include "cocos2d.h"#include "network/HttpClient.h"//#include "Core/FV/FvSingleton.h"USING_NS_CC;using namespace network;using namespace std;class HttpManagerDelegate{public:virtual void onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response) = 0;};class HttpManager //: public FvSingleton<HttpManager>{public:HttpManager(void);~HttpManager(void);CC_SYNTHESIZE(HttpManagerDelegate*,_httpManagerDelegate,HttpDelegate);//等价于 HttpManagerDelegate* getHttpDelegate(){return _httpManagerDelegate;};//等价于 void setHttpDelegate(HttpManagerDelegate* delegate){_httpManagerDelegate = delegate;};//static HttpManager* getInstance();void sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag);void sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag);private:void onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response);//static HttpManager* mHttpManager;};

HttpManager.cpp文件

#include "HttpManager.h"//FV_SINGLETON_STORAGE(HttpManager);//HttpManager* HttpManager::mHttpManager = nullptr;HttpManager::HttpManager(void){_httpManagerDelegate = nullptr;HttpClient::getInstance()->setTimeoutForConnect(5);}HttpManager::~HttpManager(void){}HttpManager* HttpManager::getInstance(){if (mHttpManager == nullptr){mHttpManager = new HttpManager();}return mHttpManager;}void HttpManager::sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag){HttpRequest* request = new (std::nothrow) HttpRequest();request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::GET);request->setUrl(url.c_str());request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));request->setTag(requestTag.c_str());HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);request->release();}void HttpManager::sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag){HttpRequest* request = new (std::nothrow) HttpRequest();request->setRequestType(HttpRequest::Type::POST);request->setUrl(url.c_str());request->setResponseCallback(CC_CALLBACK_2(HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted,this));request->setTag(requestTag.c_str());request->setRequestData("",0);HttpClient::getInstance()->send(request);request->release();}void HttpManager::onHttpRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response){if (!response){return;}const char* tag = response->getHttpRequest()->getTag();if (0 != strlen(tag)){log("%s completed",tag);}log("HTTP Status Code::%ld, tag = %s",response->getResponseCode(),tag);//if (!response->isSucceed())//{//log("response failed");//log("error buffer:%s",response->getErrorBuffer());//mMapCallBack.erase(tag);//return;//}if (_httpManagerDelegate){_httpManagerDelegate->onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(sender,response);}}

BLLHttpTest.h文件

#pragma once#include "Core/FV/FvSingleton.h"#include "Core/Network/HttpManager.h"using namespace std;class BLLHttpTest : public HttpManagerDelegate//,public FvSingleton<BLLHttpTest>{public:BLLHttpTest(void);~BLLHttpTest(void);static BLLHttpTest* getInstance();typedef std::function<void(string responseData,const char* tag)> onResponseCallBack;void sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb);void sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb);virtual void onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response);private:void onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(string data,string tag);std::map<string, onResponseCallBack> mMapCallBack;static BLLHttpTest* mBLLHttpTest;HttpManager* mHttpManager;};

BLLHttpTest.cpp文件

#include "BLLHttpTest.h"//FV_SINGLETON_STORAGE(BLLHttpTest);BLLHttpTest* BLLHttpTest::mBLLHttpTest = nullptr;BLLHttpTest::BLLHttpTest(void){mHttpManager = new HttpManager();mHttpManager->setHttpDelegate(this);}BLLHttpTest::~BLLHttpTest(void){}BLLHttpTest* BLLHttpTest::getInstance(){if (!mBLLHttpTest){mBLLHttpTest = new BLLHttpTest();}return mBLLHttpTest;}void BLLHttpTest::sendGetRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb){mMapCallBack[requestTag] = cb;mHttpManager->sendGetRequest(url,requestTag);}void BLLHttpTest::sendPostRequest(string url,string requestTag,onResponseCallBack cb){mMapCallBack[requestTag] = cb;mHttpManager->sendPostRequest(url,requestTag);}void BLLHttpTest::onHttpManagerRequestCompleted(HttpClient* sender,HttpResponse* response){const char* tag = response->getHttpRequest()->getTag();if (!response->isSucceed()){log("response failed");log("error buffer:%s",response->getErrorBuffer());mMapCallBack.erase(tag);return;}std::vector<char> *buffer = response->getResponseData();string temp = "";for (unsigned int i = 0; i < buffer->size(); i++){temp +=(*buffer)[i];}log("Http Test, dump data:%s\n",temp.c_str());if (mMapCallBack[tag]){onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(temp,tag);mMapCallBack[tag](temp,tag);mMapCallBack.erase(tag);}}void BLLHttpTest::onHttpRequestCompletedDataHandle(string data,string tag){}

几乎所有的架构中，涉及到回调函数，都会把回调函数封装成一个纯虚类，子类继承这个纯虚类并实现纯虚函数。然后在子类的构造函数中，将自己给设置成代理。次HttpManager架构运用了Bridge桥接设计模式