使用Docker

1. 使用镜像

1.1 在Docker Hub上查找镜像

我们查找一下之前博客里面，推送到Docker Hub里面的bage88/docker-demo，能看到有2个仓库，第一个就是我们上次上传的镜像。点击“Details”进入到详细页面。

1.2 拉取镜像到本地机器

在我们本地虚拟机上执行如下命令，获取该镜像：

docker pull bage88/docker-demo

1.3 了解我们获取的镜像

下载完成之后，通过docker images查看当前机器上已经有的镜像列表。

通过docker inspect IMAGE_ID或者docker inspect IMAGE_NAME查看镜像详细信息。

root@ubuntu-512mb-sfo2-01-gfw:~# docker inspect 3172d41e1212[    {        "Id": "sha256:3172d41e12122d18216cd3179292e3840963e3d80e6ad70046c7270e85342f11",        "RepoTags": [            "bage88/docker-demo:0.0.1"        ],        "RepoDigests": [            "bage88/docker-demo@sha256:26deeeb936586c34f97ece440dc2618984f887e935b5fb81856862d64e9c79a7"        ],        "Parent": "sha256:05a60462f8bafb215ddc5c20a364b5fb637670200a74a5bb13a1b23f64515561",        "Comment": "",        "Created": "2017-04-26T04:58:45.421242925Z",        "Container": "50877050a5f2dc0a9c53adeba41f0760fcecca3e0bb9db3ad3f906dbdab9df32",        "ContainerConfig": {            "Hostname": "6b3797ab1e90",            "Domainname": "",            "User": "",            "AttachStdin": false,            "AttachStdout": false,            "AttachStderr": false,            "ExposedPorts": {                "443/tcp": {},                "80/tcp": {}            },            "Tty": false,            "OpenStdin": false,            "StdinOnce": false,            "Env": [                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",                "NGINX_VERSION=1.11.5-1~jessie"            ],            "Cmd": [                "/bin/sh",                "-c",                "#(nop) ADD dir:e9b5928812b2520f4eaf558074546aeffcae14070c6b3aff800660ed4a6bef65 in /usr/share/nginx/html "            ],            "ArgsEscaped": true,            "Image": "sha256:05a60462f8bafb215ddc5c20a364b5fb637670200a74a5bb13a1b23f64515561",            "Volumes": null,            "WorkingDir": "",            "Entrypoint": null,            "OnBuild": [],            "Labels": {}        },        "DockerVersion": "17.03.1-ce",        "Author": "",        "Config": {            "Hostname": "6b3797ab1e90",            "Domainname": "",            "User": "",            "AttachStdin": false,            "AttachStdout": false,            "AttachStderr": false,            "ExposedPorts": {                "443/tcp": {},                "80/tcp": {}            },            "Tty": false,            "OpenStdin": false,            "StdinOnce": false,            "Env": [                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",                "NGINX_VERSION=1.11.5-1~jessie"            ],            "Cmd": [                "nginx",                "-g",                "daemon off;"            ],            "ArgsEscaped": true,            "Image": "sha256:05a60462f8bafb215ddc5c20a364b5fb637670200a74a5bb13a1b23f64515561",            "Volumes": null,            "WorkingDir": "",            "Entrypoint": null,            "OnBuild": [],            "Labels": {}        },        "Architecture": "amd64",        "Os": "linux",        "Size": 181557726,        "VirtualSize": 181557726,        "GraphDriver": {            "Name": "aufs",            "Data": null        },        "RootFS": {            "Type": "layers",            "Layers": [                "sha256:fe4c16cbf7a4c70a5462654cf2c8f9f69778db280f235229bd98cf8784e878e4",                "sha256:c4a8b7411af46497558e12eb2237a07a9cf31b3d3f9c069d3adcf60e98a092d0",                "sha256:3f117c44afbb0a90d7c5d5db1375280fce40b81f8c3151a684cdd20192c30705",                "sha256:9d59143b04c08194884c22fc72413a22b66cb7715506ca1be2cccbc9babd19bc"            ]        }    }]

2. 使用容器

2.1 以bash shell方式运行容器

# -i ：打开并保持容器的标准输入# -t ：分配pseudo-TTY终端并绑定到容器的标准输入上docker run -t -i bage88/docker-demo /bin/bash

进入容器中，我们可以查看到我们之前复制文件到镜像里面的内容。执行命令

root@ubuntu-512mb-sfo2-01-gfw:~# docker run -t -i bage88/docker-demo /bin/bashroot@94a1f3581ebb:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/htmlroot@94a1f3581ebb:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls -ltotal 12-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  537 Oct 11  2016 50x.htmldrwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 19 01:10 images-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  669 Apr 19 01:10 index.htmlroot@94a1f3581ebb:/usr/share/nginx/html# 

2.2 以daemon进程方式运行容器

我们常见的Web应用，应该是让容器一直运行，所以需要创建以daemon方式运行容器。

# -d ：daemon方式运行容器，退出终端，程序还在运行# -p ：允许指定Host主机一个端口和容器内部一个端口进行隐射。docker run -d -p 8010:80 bage88/docker-demo

在浏览器访问Host主机的IP+端口，结果如图所示：

2.3 查看容器

查看当前运行的所有容器
docker ps -a

2.4 删除容器

删除容器的命令：

docker rm CONTAINER_ID