android 蓝牙模块Bluetooth 使用 十六进制数据发送
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一个蓝牙模块看起来很小，弄起来还是有点复杂的，从网上找了一个示例代码，http://blog.csdn.net/vnanyesheshou/article/details/51554852但是不能直接用，需要自己进行阅读理解和修改后才能使用。
先贴一张自制的uml图：
从图中不难看出涉及的类还是挺多的，大致上分为设备初始化、建立连接、发送消息三个大致的步骤吧。网上的代码封装成了一个BluetoothChatUtil实用的类，负责建立通信和发送消息，然后通过消息的方式让界面显示获取到的数据。BroadcastReceiver负责接收蓝牙扫描时获取到的设备，由于项目中的目标蓝牙是已经绑定的，所以直接使用BluetoothAdapter类的getBondedDevices()函数来获取已经绑定的蓝牙设备，然后通过设定名称或者地址来进行连接。
为现有项目添加蓝牙模块的步骤大致如下（简单地从代码出发）：
（1）增加成员变量：
//获取消息的Handler
Handler mHandler;
//蓝牙模块
//待连接的蓝牙名称
publicstatic final String BLUETOOTH_NAME = "XXXX";
//连接 msg
publicstatic final String OPEN_BLUE_HEX_STRING = "00 00 00 00 ";
//关闭 msg
publicstatic final String CLOSE_BLUE_HEX_STRING = "FF FF FF FF";
//待连接的蓝牙地址
privateString mBluetoothAddress = "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX";
boolean hasregister = false;
private ProgressDialog mProgressDialog;
//蓝牙通信模块
privateBluetoothChatUtil mBlthChatUtil;
//当前activity的句柄
privateContext mContext;
privateint REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;
(2)onCreate中初始化：
mContext = this;
mProgressDialog= new ProgressDialog(this);
在handleMessage(Message msg)中捕获几个消息：
//连接成功
caseBluetoothChatUtil.STATE_CONNECTED:
if(mProgressDialog.isShowing()){
mProgressDialog.dismiss();
}
StringdeviceName = msg.getData().getString(BluetoothChatUtil.DEVICE_NAME);
//mBtnBluetoothConnect.setText("已成功连接到设备"+ deviceName);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"连接成功："+deviceName, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//连接后就发送你需要发送的消息
sendBluetoothMessage(OPEN_BLUE_HEX_STRING);
break;
//连接失败
caseBluetoothChatUtil.STATAE_CONNECT_FAILURE:
if(mProgressDialog.isShowing()){
mProgressDialog.dismiss();
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"连接失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
//断开连接
caseBluetoothChatUtil.MESSAGE_DISCONNECTED:
if(mProgressDialog.isShowing()){
mProgressDialog.dismiss();
}
//mBtnBluetoothConnect.setText("与设备断开连接");
break;
//收到消息
caseBluetoothChatUtil.MESSAGE_READ:
byte[]buf = msg.getData().getByteArray(BluetoothChatUtil.READ_MSG);
Stringstr = new String(buf,0,buf.length);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"读成功" + str, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
实例化通信模块，并连接蓝牙：
//蓝牙模块
mBlthChatUtil= BluetoothChatUtil.getInstance(mContext);
mBlthChatUtil.registerHandler(mHandler);
initBluetooth();
//根据自己的需求来选择需不需要扫描设备
//mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
//连接设备
connect();
if (mBlthChatUtil.getState() == BluetoothChatUtil.STATE_NONE) {
//启动蓝牙聊天服务
mBlthChatUtil.start();
}
蓝牙初始化函数initBluetooth()和connect函数：
private void initBluetooth() {
mBluetoothAdapter= BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if(mBluetoothAdapter == null) {//设备不支持蓝牙
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
finish();
return;
}
//判断蓝牙是否开启
if(!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {//蓝牙未开启
IntentenableIntent = new Intent(
BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableIntent,REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
//开启蓝牙
mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
}
//
IntentFilterfilter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
//registerReceiver(mBluetoothReceiver,filter);
//hasregister= true;
if(mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
intnMode = mBluetoothAdapter.getScanMode();
if(nMode== BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE){
Log.e(TAG_BLUE,"getScanMode= SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE");
}
if(nMode== BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_NONE){
Log.e(TAG_BLUE,"getScanMode= SCAN_MODE_NONE");
}
if(nMode== BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE){
Log.e(TAG_BLUE,"getScanMode= SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE");
}
//if(nMode == BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE) {
// IntentdiscoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
// discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION,300);
// startActivity(discoverableIntent);
//}
}
//本身蓝牙的名称和地址
Stringname = mBluetoothAdapter.getName();
Stringaddress = mBluetoothAdapter.getAddress();
Log.d(TAG_BLUE,"bluetoothname ="+name+" address ="+address);
}
publicvoid connect() {
Set<BluetoothDevice>device = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
if(device.size()>0){ //存在已经配对过的蓝牙设备
for(Iterator<BluetoothDevice>it=device.iterator();it.hasNext();){
BluetoothDevicebtd=it.next();
String name = btd.getName();
String address =btd.getAddress();
String nameString =btd.getName()+'\n'+btd.getAddress();
Log.e(TAG_BLUE,"getBondedDevices :" + nameString);
//if(name != null &&name.equals(BLUETOOTH_NAME)){
if(address != null &&address.equals(mBluetoothAddress)){
mBlthChatUtil.connect(btd);
break;
//Toast.makeText(mContext,"连接成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}else{ //不存在已经配对过的蓝牙设备
Log.e(TAG,"No can bematched to use bluetooth");
}
}
十六进制数据转换HexCommandtoByte和消息发送函数sendBluetoothMessage：
// 十六进制的字符串转换成byte数组
public static byte[]HexCommandtoByte(byte[] data) {
if (data == null) {
return null;
}
int nLength = data.length;
String strTemString = new String(data, 0, nLength);
String[] strings = strTemString.split(" ");
nLength = strings.length;
data = new byte[nLength];
for (int i = 0; i < nLength; i++) {
if (strings[i].length() != 2) {
data[i] = 00;
continue;
}
try {
data[i] =(byte)Integer.parseInt(strings[i], 16);
} catch (Exception e) {
data[i] = 00;
continue;
}
}
return data;
}
public void sendBluetoothMessage(Stringmessagesend){
Log.e(TAG_BLUE,"sendmessage : " + messagesend);
byte[] sendByte =HexCommandtoByte(messagesend.getBytes());
//mBlthChatUtil.write(messagesend.getBytes());
mBlthChatUtil.write(sendByte);
}
(3)在返回onBackPressed()或者onDestroy()发送关闭蓝牙消息，并注销蓝牙：
//关闭
sendBluetoothMessage(CLOSE_BLUE_HEX_STRING);
if(mBluetoothAdapter!=null &&mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
if (mBlthChatUtil.getState() !=BluetoothChatUtil.STATE_CONNECTED) {
Toast.makeText(mContext,"蓝牙未连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}else {
mBlthChatUtil.stop();
}
BluetoothChatUtil.java内容如下：
package XXX;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.UUID;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.Context;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.util.Log;/** 这类做所有的工作，建立和管理蓝牙*连接其他装置。它有一个线程，监听*传入连接，螺纹连接装置，和一个*执行数据传输线连接时。 */public class BluetoothChatUtil { // 调试 private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChatService"; private static final boolean D = true; // 名社民党记录当创建服务器套接字 private static final String NAME = "BluetoothChat"; private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");public static StringBuffer hexString = new StringBuffer(); // 适配器成员 private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; private Handler mHandler; private AcceptThread mAcceptThread; private ConnectThread mConnectThread; private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread; private int mState;private static BluetoothChatUtil mBluetoothChatUtil;private BluetoothDevice mConnectedBluetoothDevice; //常数，指示当前的连接状态 public static final int STATE_NONE = 0; // 当前没有可用的连接 public static final int STATE_LISTEN = 1; // 现在侦听传入的连接 public static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 2; // 现在开始传出联系 public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 3; // 现在连接到远程设备 public static final int STATAE_CONNECT_FAILURE = 4; public static boolean bRun = true; public static final int MESSAGE_DISCONNECTED = 5; public static final int STATE_CHANGE = 6; public static final String DEVICE_NAME = "device_name"; public static final int MESSAGE_READ = 7; public static final int MESSAGE_WRITE= 8; public static final String READ_MSG = "read_msg"; /** * 构造函数。准备一个新的bluetoothchat会话。 * @param context 用户界面活动的背景 */ private BluetoothChatUtil(Context context) { mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); mState = STATE_NONE; } public static BluetoothChatUtil getInstance(Context c){ if(null == mBluetoothChatUtil){ mBluetoothChatUtil = new BluetoothChatUtil(c); } return mBluetoothChatUtil; } public void registerHandler(Handler handler){ mHandler = handler; } public void unregisterHandler(){ mHandler = null; } /** * 设置当前状态的聊天连接 * @param state 整数定义当前连接状态 */ private synchronized void setState(int state) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "setState() " + mState + " -> " + state); mState = state; // 给新状态的处理程序，界面活性可以更新 mHandler.obtainMessage(STATE_CHANGE, state, -1).sendToTarget(); } /** * 返回当前的连接状态。 */ public synchronized int getState() { return mState; } public BluetoothDevice getConnectedDevice(){ return mConnectedBluetoothDevice; } /** * 开始聊天服务。特别acceptthread开始 开始 * 会话听力（服务器）模式。所谓的活动onresume() */ public synchronized void start() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "start"); //取消任何线程试图建立连接 if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} // 取消任何线程正在运行的连接 if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // 启动线程来听一个bluetoothserversocket if (mAcceptThread == null) { mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } setState(STATE_LISTEN); } //连接按键响应函数 /** * 开始connectthread启动连接到远程设备。 * @param 装置连接的蓝牙设备 */ public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connect to: " + device); // 取消任何线程试图建立连接 if (mState == STATE_CONNECTING) { if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} } // 取消任何线程正在运行的连接 if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} //启动线程连接的设备 mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device); mConnectThread.start(); setState(STATE_CONNECTING); } /** * 开始connectedthread开始管理一个蓝牙连接 * @param bluetoothsocket插座上连接了 * @param 设备已连接的蓝牙设备 */ @SuppressWarnings("unused")public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connected"); // 取消线程完成连接 if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} //取消任何线程正在运行的连接 if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} // 取消接受线程只因为我们要连接到一个设备 if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} // 启动线程管理连接和传输 mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mConnectedThread.start(); //把名字的连接设备到Activity mConnectedBluetoothDevice = device; Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(STATE_CONNECTED); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(DEVICE_NAME, device.getName()); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); setState(STATE_CONNECTED); } /** * 停止所有的线程 */ public synchronized void stop() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "stop"); if (mConnectThread != null) {mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null;} if (mConnectedThread != null) {mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null;} if (mAcceptThread != null) {mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null;} setState(STATE_NONE); //start(); } /** * Write to the ConnectedThread in an unsynchronized manner * @param out The bytes to write * @see ConnectedThread#write(byte[]) */ public void write(byte[] out) { //创建临时对象 ConnectedThread r; // 同步副本的connectedthread synchronized (this) { if (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) return; r = mConnectedThread; } // 执行写同步 r.write(out); } /** * Indicate that the connection attempt failed and notify the UI Activity. */ private void connectionFailed() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); // 发送失败的信息带回活动 Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(STATAE_CONNECT_FAILURE); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); mConnectedBluetoothDevice = null; } /** * Indicate that the connection was lost and notify the UI Activity. */ private void connectionLost() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); // 发送失败的信息带回Activity Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_DISCONNECTED); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); mConnectedBluetoothDevice = null; stop(); } /** *本线同时侦听传入的连接。它的行为 *喜欢一个服务器端的客户端。它运行直到连接被接受 *（或取消）。 */ private class AcceptThread extends Thread { // 本地服务器套接字 private final BluetoothServerSocket mServerSocket; public AcceptThread() { BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; // 创建一个新的侦听服务器套接字 try { tmp = mAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed", e); } mServerSocket = tmp; } public void run() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "BEGIN mAcceptThread" + this); setName("AcceptThread"); BluetoothSocket socket = null; // 循环，直到连接成功 while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) { try { // 这是一个阻塞调用和将只返回一个 // 成功的连接或例外 socket = mServerSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed", e); break; } // 如果连接被接受 if (socket != null) { synchronized (BluetoothChatUtil.this) { switch (mState) { case STATE_LISTEN: case STATE_CONNECTING: // 正常情况。启动连接螺纹。 connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice()); break; case STATE_NONE: case STATE_CONNECTED: // 没有准备或已连接。新插座终止。 try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket", e); } break; } } } } if (D) Log.i(TAG, "END mAcceptThread"); } public void cancel() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "cancel " + this); try { mServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed", e); } } } /** * 本线在试图使传出联系 *与设备。它径直穿过连接；或者 *成功或失败。 */ private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { mmDevice = device; BluetoothSocket tmp = null; // 得到一个bluetoothsocket try { mmSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "create() failed", e); mmSocket = null; } } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread"); setName("ConnectThread"); mAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // 使一个连接到bluetoothsocket try { // socket 连接 mmSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { connectionFailed(); //关闭这个socket try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure", e2); } // 启动服务在重新启动聆听模式 BluetoothChatUtil.this.start(); return; } // 因为我们所做的connectthread复位 synchronized (BluetoothChatUtil.this) { mConnectThread = null; } // 启动连接线程 connected(mmSocket, mmDevice); } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } } /** * 本线在连接与远程设备。 * 它处理所有传入和传出的传输。 */ private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final InputStream mmInStream; private final OutputStream mmOutStream; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread"); mmSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null; OutputStream tmpOut = null; // 获得bluetoothsocket输入输出流 try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "没有创建临时sockets", e); } mmInStream = tmpIn; mmOutStream = tmpOut; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread"); int bytes; // 继续听InputStream同时连接 while (true) { try { byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // 读取输入流 bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer); // 发送获得的字节的用户界面 Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_READ); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putByteArray(READ_MSG, buffer); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "disconnected", e); connectionLost(); break; } } } /** * 写输出的连接。 * @param buffer 这是一个字节流 */ public void write(byte[] buffer) { try { mmOutStream.write(buffer); // 分享发送的信息到Activity mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_WRITE, -1, -1, buffer) .sendToTarget(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write", e); } } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed", e); } } }}- android 蓝牙模块Bluetooth 使用 十六进制数据发送
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