Elasticsearch java api(五) Bulk批量索引

一、Bulk API

使用bulk命令时，REST API以_bulk结尾,批量操作写在json文件中，官网给出的语法格式：

action_and_meta_data\noptional_source\naction_and_meta_data\noptional_source\n....action_and_meta_data\noptional_source\n

也就是说每一个操作都有2行数据组成，末尾要回车换行。第一行用来说明操作命令和原数据、第二行是自定义的选项.举个例子，同时执行插入2条数据、删除一条数据, 新建bulkdata.json,写入如下内容：

{ "create" : { "_index" : "blog", "_type" : "article", "_id" : "3" }}{ "title":"title1","posttime":"2016-07-02","content":"内容一" }{ "create" : { "_index" : "blog", "_type" : "article", "_id" : "4" }}{ "title":"title2","posttime":"2016-07-03","content":"内容2" }{ "delete":{"_index" : "blog", "_type" : "article", "_id" : "1" }}

执行：

$ curl -XPOST "http://localhost:9200/_bulk?pretty" --data-binary @bulkAdd.json{  "took" : 11,  "errors" : false,  "items" : [ {    "create" : {      "_index" : "blog",      "_type" : "article",      "_id" : "13",      "_version" : 1,      "_shards" : {        "total" : 1,        "successful" : 1,        "failed" : 0      },      "status" : 201    }  } ]}

注意：行末要回车换行，不然会因为命令不能识别而出现错误.

$ curl -XPOST "http://localhost:9200/_bulk?pretty" --data-binary @bulkAdd.json {  "error" : {    "root_cause" : [ {      "type" : "action_request_validation_exception",      "reason" : "Validation Failed: 1: no requests added;"    } ],    "type" : "action_request_validation_exception",    "reason" : "Validation Failed: 1: no requests added;"  },  "status" : 400}

二、批量导出

下面的例子是把索引库中的文档以json格式批量导出到文件中，其中集群名称为”bropen”,索引库名为”blog”,type为”article”,项目根目录下新建files/bulk.txt,索引内容写入bulk.txt中:

import java.io.BufferedWriter;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileWriter;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;import org.elasticsearch.client.Client;import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits;public class ElasticSearchBulkOut {    public static void main(String[] args) {        try {            Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder()                    .put("cluster.name", "bropen").build();// cluster.name在elasticsearch.yml            Client client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()                    .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(                            InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));            QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();            SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("blog")                    .setTypes("article").setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery())                    .execute().actionGet();            SearchHits resultHits = response.getHits();            File article = new File("files/bulk.txt");            FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(article);            BufferedWriter bfw = new BufferedWriter(fw);            if (resultHits.getHits().length == 0) {                System.out.println("查到0条数据!");            } else {                for (int i = 0; i < resultHits.getHits().length; i++) {                    String jsonStr = resultHits.getHits()[i]                            .getSourceAsString();                    System.out.println(jsonStr);                    bfw.write(jsonStr);                    bfw.write("\n");                }            }            bfw.close();            fw.close();        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

三、批量导入

从刚才导出的bulk.txt文件中按行读取，然后bulk导入。首先通过调用client.prepareBulk()实例化一个BulkRequestBuilder对象,调用BulkRequestBuilder对象的add方法添加数据。实现代码：

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;import org.elasticsearch.client.Client;import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;public class ElasticSearchBulkIn {    public static void main(String[] args) {        try {            Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder()                    .put("cluster.name", "bropen").build();// cluster.name在elasticsearch.yml中配置            Client client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()                    .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(                            InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"), 9300));            File article = new File("files/bulk.txt");            FileReader fr=new FileReader(article);            BufferedReader bfr=new BufferedReader(fr);            String line=null;            BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest=client.prepareBulk();            int count=0;            while((line=bfr.readLine())!=null){                bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("test","article").setSource(line));                if (count%10==0) {                    bulkRequest.execute().actionGet();                }                count++;                //System.out.println(line);            }            bulkRequest.execute().actionGet();            bfr.close();            fr.close();        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

批量导入：

Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "es1").build();TransportClient client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build();client.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("bigdata2"), 9300));    Long count = 100000L;String index = "bigdata";String type = "student1";BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk();for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {    Map<String, Object> ret = new HashMap<String, Object>();    ret.put("recordtime", 11);    ret.put("area", 22);    ret.put("usertype", 33);    ret.put("count", 44);    bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex(index, type).setSource(ret));    // 每10000条提交一次    if (i % 10000 == 0) {        bulkRequest.execute().actionGet();    }}

参考文档：

1. Elasticsearch Reference [2.3] » Document APIs » Bulk API