Java Netty 学习笔记(二)使用Netty编程

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熟悉了使用java nio编程的套路,实际上就跟底层socket的没啥区别。
下面学习如何使用Netty编写简单的Time Server。
代码:https://github.com/NearXdu/NettyLearn

public class TimeServer {    public void bind(int port) throws Exception{        //配置服务端的NIO线程组        //        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();        try{            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();            b.group(bossGroup,workerGroup)                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,1024)                    .childHandler(new ChildChannelHandler());            //绑定端口,同步等待成功            ChannelFuture f = b.bind(port).sync();            //等待服务端监听端口关闭            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();        }finally {            //释放线程池资源            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();        }    }    private class ChildChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {        @Override        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {            ch.pipeline().addLast(new TimeServerHandler());        }    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{        int port =1025;        if(args!=null && args.length>0){            try{                port =Integer.valueOf(args[0]);            }catch (NumberFormatException e){            }        }        new TimeServer().bind(port);    }}

1.NioEventLoopGroup:Reactor线程组,用于处理网络事件。
2.ServerBootstrap:Netty用于启动NIO服务端的辅助启动类。
3.ServerBootstrapgroup方法设置监听套接字NioServerSocketChannel
设置BACKLOG,设置IO事件的处理类ChildChannelHandler
4.ServerBootstrapbind方法绑定监听端口

在Handler类中,有些区别就是netty4和netty5的API会有些出入,在书中继承ChannelHandlerAdapter,我用的是Netty4,因此需要稍微改写:

public class TimeServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {    @Override    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg)            throws Exception {        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;//read buff        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];//通过readble获取到大小        buf.readBytes(req);//readByte将数据塞入req中    //业务        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");        System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body);        String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body.trim()) ? new java.util.Date(                System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "BAD ORDER";    //构造响应        ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());    //发送        ctx.write(resp);    }}

这个方法就有点类似muduo中onMessage,或者libevent中onRead回调了,数据通过参数传递,并使用封装的缓存接收,最后构造业务响应。

参考:
1) netty权威指南
2) http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24844042/extends-channelhandleradapter-but-does-not-override-or-implement-a-method-from

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