【脚本语言系列】关于Python图像处理PIL，你需要知道的事

如何使用PIL

• 转换图片格式

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-#import osfrom PIL import  Image # import Imageimport Tkinterimport tkFileDialogimport tkMessageBoxclass Window:    def __init__(self):        self.root = root = Tkinter.Tk()        label = Tkinter.Label(root, text ='选择目录')        label.place(x = 5, y = 5)        self.entry = Tkinter.Entry(root)        self.entry.place(x = 55, y = 5)        self.buttonBrowser = Tkinter.Button(root, text = '浏览', command = self.Browser)        self.buttonBrowser.place(x = 200, y = 5)        frameF = Tkinter.Frame(root)        frameF.place(x =   5, y = 30)        frameT = Tkinter.Frame(root)        frameT.place(x = 100, y = 30)        self.fImage = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.tImage = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.status = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.fImage.set('.bmp')        self.tImage.set('.bmp')        labelFrom = Tkinter.Label(frameF, text = 'From')        labelFrom.pack(anchor = 'w')        labelTo = Tkinter.Label(frameT, text = 'To')        labelTo.pack(anchor='w')        frBmp = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameF, variable = self.fImage, value = '.bmp', text = 'BMP')        frBmp.pack(anchor='w')        frJpg = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameF, variable = self.fImage, value = '.jpg', text = 'JPG')        frJpg.pack(anchor='w')        frGif = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameF, variable = self.fImage, value = '.gif', text = 'GIF')        frGif.pack(anchor='w')        frPng = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameF, variable = self.fImage, value = '.png', text = 'PNG')        frPng.pack(anchor='w')         trBmp = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameT, variable = self.tImage, value = '.bmp', text = 'BMP')        trBmp.pack(anchor='w')        trJpg = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameT, variable = self.tImage, value = '.jpg', text = 'JPG')        trJpg.pack(anchor='w')        trGif = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameT, variable = self.tImage, value = '.gif', text = 'GIF')        trGif.pack(anchor='w')        trPng = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frameT, variable = self.tImage, value = '.png', text = 'PNG')        trPng.pack(anchor='w')           self.buttonConv = Tkinter.Button(root, text ='Conv', command = self.Conv)        self.buttonConv.place(x = 100, y = 150)        self.labelStatus = Tkinter.Label(root, textvariable = self.status)        self.labelStatus.place(x = 50, y = 175)    def MainLoop(self):        self.root.minsize(250, 200)        self.root.maxsize(250, 200)        self.root.mainloop()    def Browser(self):        directory = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title='Python')        if directory:            self.entry.delete(0, Tkinter.END)            self.entry.insert(Tkinter.END, directory)    def Conv(self):        n = 0        t = self.tImage.get()        f = self.fImage.get()        path = self.entry.get()        if path == '':            tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please input path')            return        filenames = os.listdir(path)        os.mkdir(path+'/'+t[-3:])        for filename in filenames:            if filename[-4:] == f:                Image.open(path + '/' + filename).save(path + '/' + t[-3:]+'/'+filename[:-4] +t)                n = n+1        self.status.set('successfully convert %d images' % n)window = Window()window.MainLoop()

1. 选取目录
   
   
2. 配置选项
   
   

3. 输出图片
   
   

   • 生成缩略图

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-#import osfrom PIL import  Image # import Imageimport Tkinterimport tkFileDialogimport tkMessageBoxclass Window:    def __init__(self):        self.root = root = Tkinter.Tk()        self.Image = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.status = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.mstatus = Tkinter.IntVar()        self.fstatus = Tkinter.IntVar()        self.Image.set('bmp')        self.mstatus.set(0)        self.fstatus.set(0)        label = Tkinter.Label(root, text = 'Input Percent')        label.place(x = 5, y = 5)        self.entryNew = Tkinter.Entry(root)        self.entryNew.place(x = 65, y = 5)        self.checkM = Tkinter.Checkbutton(root, text = 'Bat Conv', command = self.OnCheckM, variable = self.mstatus, onvalue = 1, offvalue=0)        self.checkM.place(x = 5, y = 30)        label = Tkinter.Label(root, text = 'Choose Files')        label.place(x = 5, y = 55)        self.entryFile = Tkinter.Entry(root)        self.entryFile.place(x = 55, y = 55)        self.buttonBrowserFile = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'Browser', command = self.BrowserFile)        self.buttonBrowserFile.place(x = 200, y = 55)        label = Tkinter.Entry(root, state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        label.place(x = 5, y = 80)        self.entryDir = Tkinter.Entry(root, state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.entryDir.place(x = 55, y = 80)        self.buttonBrowserDir = Tkinter.Button(root, text ='Browser', command = self.BrowserDir, state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.buttonBrowserDir.place(x = 200, y = 80)        self.checkF = Tkinter.Checkbutton(root, text = 'Change File Format', command = self.OnCheckF, variable = self.fstatus, onvalue=1, offvalue = 0)        self.checkF.place(x = 5, y = 110)        frame = Tkinter.Frame(root)        frame.place(x = 10, y = 130)        labelTo = Tkinter.Label(frame, text = 'Format')        labelTo.pack(anchor='w')        self.rBmp = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'bmp', text = 'BMP', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rBmp.pack(anchor='w')        self.rJpg = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'jpg', text = 'JPG', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rJpg.pack(anchor='w')        self.rGif = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'gif', text = 'GIF', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rGif.pack(anchor='w')        self.rPng = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'png', text = 'PNG', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rPng.pack(anchor='w')         self.buttonConv = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'Conv', command = self.Conv)        self.buttonConv.place(x = 100, y = 175)        self.labelStatus = Tkinter.Label(root, textvariable = self.status)        self.labelStatus.place(x = 80, y = 205)    def MainLoop(self):        self.root.minsize(250, 250)        self.root.minsize(250, 250)        self.root.mainloop()    def BrowserDir(self):        directory = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title='Python')        if directory:            self.entryDir.delete(0, Tkinter.END)            self.entryDir.insert(Tkinter.END, directory)    def BrowserFile(self):        file = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(title='Python Image Dealer',            filetypes=[('JPG','*.jpg'),('BMP','*.bmp'),            ('GIF','*.gif'),('PNG','*.png')])        if file:            self.entryFile.delete(0, Tkinter.END)            self.entryFile.insert(Tkinter.END, file)    def OnCheckM(self):        if not self.mstatus.get():            self.entryDir.config(state=Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.entryFile.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.buttonBrowserDir.config(state=Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.buttonBrowserFile.config(state=Tkinter.NORMAL)        else:            self.entryDir.config(state=Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.entryFile.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.buttonBrowserDir.config(state=Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.buttonBrowserFile.config(state=Tkinter.DISABLED)    def OnCheckF(self):        if not self.fstatus.get():            self.rBmp.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.rJpg.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.rGif.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.rPng.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            else:            self.rBmp.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.rJpg.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.rGif.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.rPng.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)    def Conv(self):        n = 0        if self.mstatus.get():            path = self.entryDir.get()            if path == "":                tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please input path')                return            filenames = os.listdir(path)            if self.fstatus.get():                f = self.Image.get()                for filename in filenames:                    if file[-3:] in ('bmp', 'jpg', 'gif', 'png'):                        self.addlogo(path+'/'+filename, f)                        n=n+1            else:                for filename in filenames:                    if filename[-3:] in ('bmp', 'jpg', 'gif', 'png'):                        self.addlogo(path+'/'+filename)                        n=n+1        else:            file = self.entryFile.get()            if file == "":                tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please select file')                return            if self.fstatus.get():                f = self.Image.get()                self.make(file, f)                n=n+1            else:                self.make(file)                n=n+1        self.status.set('success add %d image' %n)    def make(self, file, format = None):        im = Image.open(file)        mode = im.mode        if mode not in ('L', 'RGB'):            im = im.convert('RGB')        width, height = im.size        s = self.entryNew.get()        if s == '':            tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please input percent')            return        else:            n = int(s)        nwidth = width * n / 100.0        nheight = height * n / 100.0        thumb = im.resize((nwidth,nheight),Image.ANTIALIAS)        if format:            im.save(file[:(len(file)-4)]+'_thumb.'+format)        else:            im.save(file[:(len(file)-4)]+'_thumb'+file[-4:])window = Window()window.MainLoop()

1. 输入缩放参数并选取待转换的文件
   
   
   

2. 配置参数
   

3. 输出图片
   
   
   

   • 为图片添加Logo

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-#import osfrom PIL import  Image # import Imageimport Tkinterimport tkFileDialogimport tkMessageBoxclass Window:    def __init__(self):        self.root = root = Tkinter.Tk()        self.Image = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.status = Tkinter.StringVar()        self.mstatus = Tkinter.IntVar()        self.fstatus = Tkinter.IntVar()        self.pstatus = Tkinter.IntVar()        self.Image.set('bmp')        self.mstatus.set(0)        self.fstatus.set(0)        self.pstatus.set(0)        label = Tkinter.Label(root, text = 'Logo')        label.place(x = 5, y = 5)        self.entryLogo = Tkinter.Entry(root)        self.entryLogo.place(x = 55, y = 5)        self.buttonBrowserLogo = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'Browser', command = self.BrowserLogo)        self.buttonBrowserLogo.place(x = 200, y = 5)        self.checkM = Tkinter.Checkbutton(root, text = 'Bat Conv', command = self.OnCheckM, variable = self.mstatus, onvalue = 1, offvalue=0)        self.checkM.place(x = 5, y = 30)        label = Tkinter.Label(root, text = 'Choose Files')        label.place(x = 5, y = 55)        self.entryFile = Tkinter.Entry(root)        self.entryFile.place(x = 55, y = 55)        self.buttonBrowserFile = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'Browser', command = self.BrowserFile)        self.buttonBrowserFile.place(x = 200, y = 55)        label = Tkinter.Entry(root, state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        label.place(x = 5, y = 80)        self.entryDir = Tkinter.Entry(root, state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.entryDir.place(x = 55, y = 80)        self.buttonBrowserDir = Tkinter.Button(root, text ='Browser', command = self.BrowserDir, state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.buttonBrowserDir.place(x = 200, y = 80)        self.checkF = Tkinter.Checkbutton(root, text = 'Change File Format', command = self.OnCheckF, variable = self.fstatus, onvalue=1, offvalue = 0)        self.checkF.place(x = 5, y = 110)        frame = Tkinter.Frame(root)        frame.place(x = 10, y = 130)        labelTo = Tkinter.Label(frame, text = 'Format')        labelTo.pack(anchor='w')        self.rBmp = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'bmp', text = 'BMP', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rBmp.pack(anchor='w')        self.rJpg = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'jpg', text = 'JPG', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rJpg.pack(anchor='w')        self.rGif = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'gif', text = 'GIF', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rGif.pack(anchor='w')        self.rPng = Tkinter.Radiobutton(frame, variable = self.Image, value = 'png', text = 'PNG', state = Tkinter.DISABLED)        self.rPng.pack(anchor='w')         pframe = Tkinter.Frame(root)        pframe.place(x = 70, y = 130)        labelPos = Tkinter.Label(pframe, text = 'Location')        labelPos.pack(anchor = 'w')        self.rLT = Tkinter.Radiobutton(pframe, variable = self.pstatus, value = 0, text = 'Left Top')        self.rLT.pack(anchor = 'w')        self.rRT = Tkinter.Radiobutton(pframe, variable = self.pstatus, value = 1, text = 'Right Top')        self.rRT.pack(anchor = 'w')        self.rLB = Tkinter.Radiobutton(pframe, variable = self.pstatus, value = 2, text = 'Left bottom')        self.rLB.pack(anchor = 'w')          self.rRB = Tkinter.Radiobutton(pframe, variable = self.pstatus, value = 3, text = 'Right bottom')        self.rRB.pack(anchor = 'w')        self.buttonAdd = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'Add', command = self.Add)        self.buttonAdd.place(x = 180, y = 175)        self.labelStatus = Tkinter.Label(root, textvariable = self.status)        self.labelStatus.place(x = 150, y = 205)    def MainLoop(self):        self.root.minsize(250, 250)        self.root.minsize(250, 250)        self.root.mainloop()    def BrowserLogo(self):        file = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(title='Python Image Dealer',            filetypes=[('JPG','*.jpg'),('BMP','*.bmp'),            ('GIF','*.gif'),('PNG','*.png')])        if file:            self.entryLogo.delete(0, Tkinter.END)            self.entryLogo.insert(Tkinter.END, file)    def BrowserDir(self):        directory = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(title='Python')        if directory:            self.entryDir.delete(0, Tkinter.END)            self.entryDir.insert(Tkinter.END, directory)    def BrowserFile(self):        file = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(title='Python Image Dealer',            filetypes=[('JPG','*.jpg'),('BMP','*.bmp'),            ('GIF','*.gif'),('PNG','*.png')])        if file:            self.entryFile.delete(0, Tkinter.END)            self.entryFile.insert(Tkinter.END, file)    def OnCheckM(self):        if not self.mstatus.get():            self.entryDir.config(state=Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.entryFile.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.buttonBrowserDir.config(state=Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.buttonBrowserFile.config(state=Tkinter.NORMAL)        else:            self.entryDir.config(state=Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.entryFile.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.buttonBrowserDir.config(state=Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.buttonBrowserFile.config(state=Tkinter.DISABLED)    def OnCheckF(self):        if not self.fstatus.get():            self.rBmp.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.rJpg.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.rGif.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            self.rPng.config(state = Tkinter.DISABLED)            else:            self.rBmp.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.rJpg.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.rGif.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)            self.rPng.config(state = Tkinter.NORMAL)    def Add(self):        n = 0        if self.mstatus.get():            path = self.entryDir.get()            if path == "":                tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please input path')                return            filenames = os.listdir(path)            if self.fstatus.get():                f = self.Image.get()                for filename in filenames:                    if file[-3:] in ('bmp', 'jpg', 'gif', 'png'):                        self.addlogo(path+'/'+filename, f)                        n=n+1            else:                for filename in filenames:                    if filename[-3:] in ('bmp', 'jpg', 'gif', 'png'):                        self.addlogo(path+'/'+filename)                        n=n+1        else:            file = self.entryFile.get()            if file == "":                tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please select file')                return            if self.fstatus.get():                f = self.Image.get()                self.addlogo(file, f)                n=n+1            else:                self.addlogo(file)                n=n+1        self.status.set('success conv %d image' %n)    def addlogo(self, file, format = None):        logo = self.entryLogo.get()        if logo == "":            tkMessageBox.showerror('Python Tkinter', 'Please select Logo')            return        im = Image.open(file)        lo = Image.open(logo)        imwidth = im.size[0]        imheight = im.size[1]        lowidth = lo.size[0]        loheight = lo.size[1]                pos = self.pstatus.get()        if pos == 0:            left = 0            top = 0            right = lowidth            bottom = loheight        elif pos == 1:            left = imwidth -lowidth            top = 0            right = imwidth            bottom = loheight        elif pos == 2:            left = 0            top = imheight - loheight            right = lowidth            bottom = imheight        else:            left = imwidth-lowidth            top = imheight-loheight            right = imwidth            bottom = imheight        im.paste(lo, (left, top, right, bottom))        if format:            im.save(file[:(len(file)-4)]+'_thumb.'+format)        else:            im.save(file[:(len(file)-4)]+'_thumb'+file[-4:])window = Window()window.MainLoop()

1. 选取Logo以及待处理文件
   
   
   
   
   

2. 配置选项
   

3. 输出图片
   
   

什么是PIL

PIL(Python Imaging Library)为Python提供了强大的图形处理的能力，并支持多种图形文件格式。通过使用PIL模块，可以使用Python对图片进行处理。PIL已经停止更新，现替换为Pillow!