springMVC入门实例 springMVC简单入门

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springMVC入门实例

在这里我讲一下基于XML配置和注解的spring MVC项目
1. 建立web项目

导入SpringMVC需要的jar包
在web.xml中的中添加如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">  <display-name>springMVC</display-name>    <servlet>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>            <!--DispatcherServlet是前置控制器，配置在web.xml文件中的。拦截匹配的请求  -->        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>        </init-param>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>  <!-- <listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  </listener>  <context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param> --></web-app>

4.在src下添加springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">    <!--非注解的映射器1 Controller <bean>的name的值与请求路径匹配 -->    <bean        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />    <!-- 这是我自己定义的Controller类，也就是前端到后台的java类 -->    <bean name="/login.action" class="com.jbit.controlle.TestControlle3"></bean>    <!--非注解的映射器2通过Controller <bean>类的id查找 -->    <bean id="urlMapping"        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">        <property name="mappings">            <props>                <!--prop key="请求路径">Controller类的id</prop> -->                <prop key="login1.action">userController</prop>            </props>        </property>    </bean>    <!--非注解的适配器 -->    <bean        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>    <!-- 这是我自己定义的Controller类，也就是前端到后台的java类 -->    <bean id="userController" class="com.jbit.controlle.TestControlle2" />        <!-- 以下是实际开发中常用以上了解就行 -->    <!-- 以下是注解的映射器和适配器           用注解映射器和适配器可以不用配置controlle类的<bean>    -->    <!-- 用于扫描注解的包 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jbit.controlle" />    <!--注解的映射器     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>         注解的适配器    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/> -->    <mvc:annotation-driven />    <!-- InternalResourceViewResolver　视图名称解析器 -->    <bean        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"        id="internalResourceViewResolver">        <!--                  为Controller返回的url添加前缀         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />                 为Controller返回的url添加后缀         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />         -->        </bean></beans>

5.相关的3个Controlle类
1)用的是注解

package com.jbit.controlle;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;@Controllerpublic class TestControlle {    @RequestMapping("/login2.action")    public ModelAndView test(){        System.out.println("进来了TestControlle");        ModelAndView andView=new ModelAndView();        //模拟数据访问层得到数据list        List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();        list.add("id");        list.add("name");        list.add("pwd");        andView.addObject("list", list);        andView.setViewName("/jsp/login.jsp");        return andView;    }}

package com.jbit.controlle;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;public class TestControlle2 implements Controller{    @Override    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1)            throws Exception {        System.out.println("进来了TestControlle2");        ModelAndView andView=new ModelAndView();        //模拟数据访问层得到数据list        List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();        list.add("id");        list.add("name");        list.add("pwd");        andView.addObject("list", list);        andView.setViewName("/jsp/login.jsp");        return andView;    }}

import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;public class TestControlle3 implements Controller{    @Override    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1)            throws Exception {            System.out.println("进来了TestControlle3");            ModelAndView andView=new ModelAndView();            //模拟数据访问层得到数据list            List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();            list.add("id");            list.add("name");            list.add("pwd");            andView.addObject("list", list);            andView.setViewName("/jsp/login.jsp");            return andView;    }}

6.注意：在使用注解时返回的ModelAndView 是org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView下的否则视图名称解析器解析不了返回404
7.至于jsp页面的话，自己在WebRoot目录下建个jsp目录在里边建个jsp页面来测试就行了，我就不写了

学到这里SpringMVC基本可以入门了，如果想深入就得靠自己了感觉看着不清楚的话可以到黑马云课堂有视频地址：http://yun.itheima.com/course/8.html
码了两个钟，不喜勿喷

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