原型模式

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子类继承抽象的父类，一个子类可以通过自身构造函数克隆出与自己同类型的对象。

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Prototype原型模式{    abstract class Prototype    {        private string id;        // Constructor         public Prototype(string id)        {            this.id = id;        }        // Property         public string Id        {            get { return id; }        }        public abstract Prototype Clone();    }    class ConcretePrototype1 : Prototype    {        // Constructor         public ConcretePrototype1(string id) : base(id)        {        }        public override Prototype Clone()//Clone()函数，生成了与自己同类型的一个对象        {            // Shallow copy             return (Prototype)new ConcretePrototype1(this.Id);        }    }    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            Prototype p1, c1;            p1 = new ConcretePrototype1("Design Pattern");            c1 = p1.Clone();            Console.WriteLine("Cloned: {0}", c1.Id);            Console.Read();        }    }}

实例：

前几天，我很不幸把大门的钥匙给弄丢了，结果进不了家门。万幸的是，同学那儿还有一把，于是第二天我拿了他的那把去配钥匙。另外，他还让我顺便给他配一把房间的钥匙。现在配个钥匙真是简单，把钥匙给他，他直接找一个合适的钥匙胚子，把我的钥匙夹在配钥匙机的一端，胚子夹在另一端，一开电源，一把标尺比着我的钥匙齿型走一遍，砂轮就在胚子上复制出一把钥匙来！一分钟不到，两把新钥匙就搞定了！

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace 原型模式实例{    public abstract class Key    {        private string name;        public string Name        {            get { return name; }            set { name = value; }        }        private string owner;        public string Owner        {            get { return owner; }            set { owner = value; }        }        public Key(string name, string owner)        {            this.name = name;            this.owner = owner;        }        //钥匙复制自身的抽象定义        public abstract Key Clone();        public override String ToString()        {            return this.Name + ", 属于 " + this.Owner;        }    }    //大门钥匙    public class GateKey : Key    {        public GateKey(string owner) : base("大门 钥匙", owner) { }        public override Key Clone()        {            return new GateKey(this.Owner);        }    }    //橱柜钥匙    public class CabinetKey : Key    {        public CabinetKey(string owner) : base("房间 钥匙", owner) { }        public override Key Clone()        {            return new CabinetKey(this.Owner);        }    }       class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            Key oldGateKey, newGateKey, oldCabinetKey, newCabinetKey;            oldGateKey = new GateKey("同学");            newGateKey = oldGateKey.Clone();            newGateKey.Owner = "我";            oldCabinetKey = new CabinetKey("我");            newCabinetKey = oldCabinetKey.Clone();            newCabinetKey.Owner = "同学";            Console.WriteLine(oldGateKey.ToString());            Console.WriteLine(newGateKey.ToString());            Console.WriteLine(oldCabinetKey.ToString());            Console.WriteLine(newCabinetKey.ToString());            Console.Read();        }    }}

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