文件（图片）资源上传到Javaweb项目中
来源：互联网 发布：云南白药法律知乎 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/06/06 14:11
上传的原理：①获取本地的文件或图片资源(电脑中真实存在的资源)②使用form表单将图片上传到servlet③servlet复制到你设置的路径中(一般都复制到你的项目中)④然后再把图片地址存储到数据库中具体步骤①下载commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar或者其他的fileupload的jar包②给form表单添加 enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"这两个属性必<form id="addForm" action="/addNewTrack.express" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <table class="panelTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td>站点编号：</td> <td><input name="station_id" type="text" readonly="readonly" required="required" /></td> <td>快递单日期：</td> <td><input name="track_date" type="text" readonly="readonly" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>寄件人姓名：</td> <td><input name="client_name" type="text" required="required" /></td> <td>寄件人电话：</td> <td><input name="client_phone" type="text" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>寄件人邮件：</td> <td colspan="3"><input name="client_email" type="text" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>寄件人地址：</td> <td colspan="3"> <input name="clientAddressCountry" type="text" placeholder="国家" /> <input name="clientAddressProvince" type="text" placeholder="省份" required="required" /> <input name="clientAddressCity" type="text" placeholder="城市/直辖市" required="required" /> <input name="clientAddressCounty" type="text" placeholder="县/区" required="required" /> <input name="clientAddressTown" type="text" placeholder="镇/街道" required="required" /> <input name="clientAddressVillage" type="text" placeholder="村" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>收件人姓名：</td> <td><input name="recipients_name" type="text" required="required" /></td> <td>收件人电话：</td> <td><input name="recipients_phone" type="text" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>收件人邮件：</td> <td colspan="3"><input name="recipients_email" type="text" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>收件人地址：</td> <td colspan="3"> <input name="recipientsAddressCountry" type="text" placeholder="国家" /> <input name="recipientsAddressProvince" type="text" placeholder="省份" required="required" /> <input name="recipientsAddressCity" type="text" placeholder="城市/直辖市" required="required" /> <input name="recipientsAddressCounty" type="text" placeholder="县/区" required="required" /> <input name="recipientsAddressTown" type="text" placeholder="镇/街道" required="required" /> <input name="recipientsAddressVillage" type="text" placeholder="村" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>包裹名称：</td> <td><input name="package_content" type="text" /></td> <td>包裹重量：</td> <td><input name="package_weight" type="text" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>包裹是否保价：</td> <td> <select name="package_supportValue"> <option value="否">否</option> <option value="是">是</option> </select> </td> <td>包裹价值评估：</td> <td> <select name="package_valueDeclare"> <option value="不评估">不评估</option> <option value="100-300">100-300</option> <option value="300-500">300-500</option> <option value="其他">其他</option> </select> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>包裹运费：</td> <td><input name="package_freight" type="text" required="required" /></td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="http://www.sf-express.com/cn/sc/dynamic_functions/price/" target="_blank"><input type="button" value="计算运费" /></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>包裹备注：</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4"> <textarea name="package_remark" rows="5"></textarea> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>包裹图片：</td> <td><input id="add_file_upload" name="upload" type="file" value="上传图片" accept="image/*" required="required" /></td> <td style="display: none"><input type="submit" value="提交文件" /></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="image_container" style="padding: 0 20px;"> <img id="add_preview" style="height:170px;width: auto;border-width:0px;"/> </div> </form>③将form表单根据web.xml的设置提交到对应servlet中<!--所有与前台快递业务管理有关的servlet的配置和映射--> <servlet> <servlet-name>express</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.wzb.servlet.ExpressServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>express</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.express</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>这里有一个需要注意的地方：
如果你想使用ajax提交其他普通数据，form表单只提交上传文件，并且使用js提交，那么你会发现不管表单是否首先提交，它都比ajax提交的慢，换句话说，先执行ajax的一系列操作，然后执行form表单操作。这会给你的代码造成倍的困难，而且本来只需一次向数据库插入操作，由于两次提交，至少要进行两次操做，所以结论是：你最好都是用form表单提交的形式，之后servlet中加上
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+”/page/proscenium/ticketMsgManage.jsp”);
别忘了返回当前页面
④servlet对上传文件进行业务处理
@Override
public void insertData(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
/**
* 首先判断form的enctype是不是multipart/form-data
* 同时也判断了form的提交方式是不是post
* 方法：isMultipartContent(request)
*/
//将ajax传入的参数作为属性值传入到LoginEmployeeModel实例
//创建一个TrackTicketModel实例
TrackTicketModel trackTicketModel = new TrackTicketModel();
String package_img = null;
//保存普通表单域的参数
//获取ajax传入的值
//设置日期转化格式
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(“yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss”);
Date track_date = null;
String client_name = null;
String client_phone = null;
String client_email = null;
String clientAddressCountry = null;
String clientAddressProvince = null;
String clientAddressCity = null;
String clientAddressCounty = null;
String clientAddressTown = null;
String clientAddressVillage = null;
String recipients_name = null;
String recipients_phone = null;
String recipients_email = null;
String recipientsAddressCountry = null;
String recipientsAddressProvince = null;
String recipientsAddressCity = null;
String recipientsAddressCounty = null;
String recipientsAddressTown = null;
String recipientsAddressVillage = null;
String package_content = null;
BigDecimal package_weight = null;
String package_supportValue = null;
String package_valueDeclare = null;
BigDecimal package_freight = null;
String package_remark = null;
if(ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)){
request.setCharacterEncoding(“utf-8”);
// 实例化一个硬盘文件工厂,用来配置上传组件ServletFileUpload DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); //设置文件存放的临时文件夹，这个文件夹要真实存在 File fileDir = new File("H:\\image"); if(fileDir.isDirectory() && fileDir.exists()==false){ fileDir.mkdir(); } factory.setRepository(fileDir); //设置最大占用的内存 factory.setSizeThreshold(1024000); //创建ServletFileUpload对象 ServletFileUpload sfu = new ServletFileUpload(factory); sfu.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8"); //设置单个文件最大值byte sfu.setFileSizeMax(102400000); //所有上传文件的总和最大值byte sfu.setSizeMax(204800000); List<FileItem> items = null; try { items = sfu.parseRequest(request); }catch (FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException e) { System.out.println("文件大小超过了最大值"); } catch(FileUploadException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } //取得items的迭代器 Iterator<FileItem> iter = items==null?null:items.iterator(); //图片上传后存放的路径目录 File images = new File("E:/IDEA_workatation/ECMBS/web/assert/upload/images"); if(images.exists()==false){ images.mkdirs(); } //迭代items while(iter!=null && iter.hasNext()){ FileItem item = (FileItem) iter.next(); //如果传过来的是普通的表单域 if(item.isFormField()){ if ("track_date".equals(item.getFieldName())){ track_date = format.parse(item.getString("UTF-8")); } if ("client_name".equals(item.getFieldName())){ client_name = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("client_phone".equals(item.getFieldName())){ client_phone = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("client_email".equals(item.getFieldName())){ client_email = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("clientAddressCountry".equals(item.getFieldName())){ clientAddressCountry = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("clientAddressProvince".equals(item.getFieldName())){ clientAddressProvince = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("clientAddressCity".equals(item.getFieldName())){ clientAddressCity = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("clientAddressCounty".equals(item.getFieldName())){ clientAddressCounty = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("clientAddressTown".equals(item.getFieldName())){ clientAddressTown = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("clientAddressVillage".equals(item.getFieldName())){ clientAddressVillage = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipients_name".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipients_name = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipients_phone".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipients_phone = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipients_email".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipients_email = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipientsAddressCountry".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipientsAddressCountry = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipientsAddressProvince".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipientsAddressProvince = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipientsAddressCity".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipientsAddressCity = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipientsAddressCounty".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipientsAddressCounty = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipientsAddressTown".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipientsAddressTown = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("recipientsAddressVillage".equals(item.getFieldName())){ recipientsAddressVillage = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("package_content".equals(item.getFieldName())){ package_content = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("package_weight".equals(item.getFieldName())){ package_weight = BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.valueOf(item.getString("UTF-8"))); } if ("package_supportValue".equals(item.getFieldName())){ package_supportValue = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("package_valueDeclare".equals(item.getFieldName())){ package_valueDeclare = item.getString("UTF-8"); } if ("package_freight".equals(item.getFieldName())){ package_freight = BigDecimal.valueOf(Double.valueOf(item.getString("UTF-8"))); } if ("package_remark".equals(item.getFieldName())){ package_remark = item.getString("UTF-8"); } } //文件域 else if(!item.isFormField()){ //System.out.println("源图片:" + item.getName()); String fileName = item.getName(); BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(item.getInputStream()); //文件存储在H:/upload/images/目录下,这个目录也得存在 BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(new File(images.getAbsolutePath()+"/"+fileName))); Streams.copy(in, out, true); //使用Session保存图片路径 String url = request.getContextPath()+"/assert/upload/images/"+fileName; package_img = url; trackTicketModel.setPackage_img(package_img); System.out.println("url : "+url); } } }else { System.out.println("表单的enctype 类型错误"); } //设置属性值 trackTicketModel.setTrack_date(track_date); trackTicketModel.setClient_name(client_name); trackTicketModel.setClient_phone(client_phone); trackTicketModel.setClient_email(client_email); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressCountry(clientAddressCountry); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressProvince(clientAddressProvince); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressCity(clientAddressCity); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressCounty(clientAddressCounty); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressTown(clientAddressTown); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressVillage(clientAddressVillage); trackTicketModel.setRecipients_name(recipients_name); trackTicketModel.setRecipients_phone(recipients_phone); trackTicketModel.setRecipients_email(recipients_email); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressCountry(recipientsAddressCountry); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressProvince(recipientsAddressProvince); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressCity(recipientsAddressCity); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressCounty(recipientsAddressCounty); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressTown(recipientsAddressTown); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressVillage(recipientsAddressVillage); trackTicketModel.setPackage_content(package_content); trackTicketModel.setPackage_freight(package_freight); trackTicketModel.setPackage_weight(package_weight); trackTicketModel.setPackage_remark(package_remark); trackTicketModel.setPackage_supportValue(package_supportValue); trackTicketModel.setPackage_valueDeclare(package_valueDeclare); trackTicketModel.setEmployee_id(loginEmployee.getEmployee_id()); trackTicketModel.setStationAddressUniqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); trackTicketModel.setEmployeeAddressUniqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); trackTicketModel.setClientAddressUniqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); trackTicketModel.setRecipientsAddressUniqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); trackTicketModel.setClient_uiqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); trackTicketModel.setRecipients_uiqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); trackTicketModel.setPackage_uiqueId(GetUUIDUtil.getId()); //创建LoginImpl实例 ExpressImpl expressImpl = new ExpressImpl(); expressImpl.trackTicketModel1 = trackTicketModel; //调用LoginImpl实例的方法向数据库插入新的登录用户 int returnValue = expressImpl.insertTrack(new HashMap<String, Object>()); //创建一个输出流对象 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); //定义一个判断插入是否成功的变量 boolean flag = false; //如果returnValue等于1，表示插入成功，否则失败 if(returnValue == 1){ flag = true; } //向前台发送信息 try { //out.print(String.valueOf(flag)); response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/page/proscenium/ticketMsgManage.jsp"); }catch (Exception e){ System.out.println("Error Location : "+"ExpressServlet"+"."+"insertData"); System.out.println("Error Case : "+"新增快递单信息"+"失败"); e.printStackTrace(); }finally { //提交数据库操作和关闭数据库会话 expressImpl.commitAndCloseSqlSession(); //刷新输出流 out.flush(); //关闭输出流 out.close(); }}⑤查看你的项目运行的结果，文件上传基本上好使了
另外，你存储到数据库中的是文件或者图片的地址，而不是直接将图片或文件存储进去，这么做的原因是：
首先对数据库的读/写的速度永远都赶不上文件系统处理的速度
其次数据库备份变的巨大，越来越耗时间，最后对文件的访问需要穿越你的应用层和数据库层
图片是数据库最大的杀手
还是使用varchar存放一个url然后在调用吧！
反正图片，文件，二进制数这三样东西永远别存数据库。
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