The Evolution of the web and web applications

keywords:
web 万维网
medium 媒体
sharing 分享
desktop 台式 桌面
desktop computer 台式计算机
notebook computer 笔记本电脑
pocket computer 袖珍电脑
personal digital assistant 个人数字助理
mobile phone 移动电话
hyper text markup language 超文本标记语言
web page 万维网网页
web site 万维网网站
interacitivity 交互性
service oriented 面向服务
application programming interface 面向编程页面
application javascript and xml 异步java 过程语言和拓展标记语言

The evolution of the web has brought together some diparte disciplines sunch as media, information secience, and information and communication technology, facilitating the easy creation, maintenance, sharing, and use of different types of information from anywhere, any time, and using a variety of device sunch as desktop and notebook computers, pocket PCs, personal digital assistant, and mobile phones.

The evolution of the web could be traced and discussed along a few different dimensions and from a few different perspectives:The growth of web sites and web pages; the number of web users; the number of web visits; the functinality and interactions; the social and business impact of the web, or a combination of these.

Before discussing the evolution of the web, it is helpful to classiful web systems and applications based on their key featuews and technology used for their creation as follows
(1)the shallow web
(2) the deep web
(3) the wisdom web
(4)the mobile web
(5)the samantic web

1.web1.0
The shallow web. also known as the static web, is primary a collection of static Html web pages providing information about products or services offered, To start with, most web sites were just a collection of static web pages, After a while, the web became dynamic, delivering web pages created on the fly, the ability to create web pages from the connect stored on databases enabled web developers to provide customized information to verstors. These sites are known as the deep web, or the dynimic web, through a vistor to sunch web sites gets infromation tuned to his or her requiredments. these sites provide primary one-way interaction and limited user interactivity, the users have no role in content generation and no means to access content without visting the sites concerned, The shallow web sites and deep web sites. which have no or very litter user interaction. are now generally term as web 1.0

1. web 2.0： the new face of web
   in the last few years a new class of web applications, known as web2.0, has emeraged， these applications let people collaborate and share information online in seemingly new ways- examples include social networking sites sunch as myspace.com, media sharing sites sunch as youtube.com, and collaborations authoring sites sunch as wikipedia.

The new generation web, also known as the wisdom web. the people centric web, and the read/write web, offers smart user interfaces and built in facilities for user to generate and edit content presented on the web and thereby enrich the content base, besides leveranging the user’s potential in generating content, web2.0 applications provide facilities to keep the content under the user’s owen categories and access it easily. these new breeds of web applications are also able to integrete multiple services under a rich user interface.

with the incorporation of new web technologies sunch as ajax，ruby, blog, wiki,social book marking. and tagging, the web is fast becoming more dynamic and highly interactive, where users can not only pick content from a site but also contribute to it, The web feed technology allows users to keep up with a site’s latest content without having to vist it. auther feature of the new web is proliferation of web sites with API , and API from a web sevice facilitates wen developers in collecting data from the service and creating new applications based on these data.

The web 2.0 is a collection of technologies. business strategies, and social tends. The web 2.0 is a highly interactive, dynamic application platform than its predeccessor, web 1.0, for fielding new kind of applications. recently, a wide array of web 2.0 applications has bee launched.

3.Mobile web
Advances in mobile computing and wireless communications and widespread worldwide adopation of mobile devices, sunch as smart mobile phones, and pocket PCs, are enabling a growing number of access the web using handheld devices.

Mible phones may soon challenge personal computers as the mominant platform for accessing the WEB/Internet, According to a survey by ipsos. 28% of mobile phone owners worldwide browsed the internet on the wireless handset in 2005, up from 25% in 2004, Almost all wireless device activities information access and search. mobile commerce, conduting financial transactions, mobile ticketing. experienced growth in 2005, Accessing on a wireless handeld device is becoming a common everyday occurence for many people in some advanced and developing contries, This will become increasingly prevalent as high end mobile phones and pocket PCs becime affordable, a higher number of people start using these more capable handeld devices, and more web applications migrate to the wireless/mobile web, considering the adoption of mobile web and its huge potential, the word web consortium has established a new initate called the mobile web,

mobile web applicarions could offer some additional features comparad to traditional desktop web applications sunch as location aware services, context aware capabilities, and personlization, mobile web application have, however. some unique requirements and pose additional challenges.

4,The semantic web
In current web applications, information is presented in natural language, which humans can process easily, but computers can’t manipulate natural language information, on the web meaningfully, the semantic web id aimed at overcomming this barrier,

The semantic web is an extension of the current web is which information is given a well-defined meaning, better enableing compters and people to work in cooperation exchange by putting documents with computer processable meaning on the web, adding semantics radically changes the nature of the web from a place where information is merely displayed to one where it is interpreted, exchanged, and processed, Associating meaning with content or establishing a layer of machine understandable data enables a higher degree of automation and more intelligent applications and also facilities interoperable service.

The ultumate goal of the semantic web is support machine facilitated global infromation exchange in scalable, adaptable, extensible manner, so that information or the web can be used for more effective discovery, automation, integration and reuse across various applications, the three key ingredients that consitute the semantic web and help achieve its goals are semantic markup, ontology, and intelligent software agents.