android底层开发android.mk语法规范

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Android.mk是Android提供的一种makefile文件，用来指定诸如编译可执行文件、各平台的动态库so 、静态库so 、打成jar包、apk等。要掌握jni，就必须熟练掌握Android.mk的语法规范。

1.编译所生成的目标文件格式android.mk如下。

分析一个最简单的Android.mk

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir) //

定义了当前模块的相对路径

include $(CLEAR_VARS) //

清空当前环境变量

LOCAL_MODULE:= test //

编译生成的目标名称

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := test.c //

编译该模块需要的源文件

include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE) //

编译所生成的目标文件格式

2.多源码文件编译动态库和静态库。

编译动态库：

编译类型修改为 BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY

编译静态库：

编译类型修改为 BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY

3.引用加载库方法。

项目中引用系统的库：

LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES += libxxxx：

将系统库文件名添加到Android.mk中

引入第三方库文件：

LOCAL_LDFLAGS := -L/Path -lxxx

引入第三方头文件：

LOCAL_C_INCLUDES:= path

android.mk文件中指定头文件路径

4.jar包的加载和编译，编译apk。

（1）编译生成apk：

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)

LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage

include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)

BUILD_PACKAGE：编译生成apk

LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME：编译生成apk名字

（2）编译生成jar包：

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)

LOCAL_MODULE := com.test.myjar

include $(BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY)

include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY)

include $(BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY)：编译成静态jar包

include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY)：编译生成共享jar包

jar包分类：

静态jar包：include $(BUILD_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARY)

使用.class文件打包而成的JAR文件，可以在任何java虚拟机运行

动态jar包：include $(BUILD_JAVA_LIBRARY)

在静态jar包基础之上使用.dex打包而成的jar文件，.dex是android系统使用的文件格式。

（3）APK依赖于jar包：

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES := static-library

LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES := share-library

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)

LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := LocalPackage

include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)

LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES：静态jar包

LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES：动态jar包

（4）预编译jar包：

LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)

include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := JAVA_LIBRARIES

LOCAL_MODULE := com.test.share

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := com.test.static

include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)

BUILD_PREBUILT：预编译

LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS：指定编译生成文件类型

预编译生成文件类型：

LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS：编译文件类型

JAVA_LIBRARIES：dex归档文件

APPS：APK文件

SHARED_LIBRARIES：动态库文件

EXECUTABLES：二进制文件

ETC：其他文件格式

（5）Android.mk添加判断语句：

ifeq($(VALUE), x)#ifneq

do_yes

else

do_no

endif

ifeq/ifneq：根据判断条件执行相关编译

5. Android.mk示例

编译静态库
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE = libhellos
LOCAL_CFLAGS = $(L_CFLAGS)
LOCAL_SRC_FILES = hellos.c
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES = $(INCLUDES)
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcutils
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS_TO := libhellos
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS := hellos.h
include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
#编译动态库
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE = libhellod
LOCAL_CFLAGS = $(L_CFLAGS)
LOCAL_SRC_FILES = hellod.c
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES = $(INCLUDES)
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libcutils
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS_TO := libhellod
LOCAL_COPY_HEADERS := hellod.h
include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
#使用静态库
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := hellos
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libhellos
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES :=
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -ldl
LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(L_CFLAGS)
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := mains.c
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(INCLUDES)
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
#使用动态库
LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE := hellod
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := debug
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libc libcutils libhellod
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -ldl
LOCAL_CFLAGS := $(L_CFLAGS)
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := maind.c
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := $(INCLUDES)
include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
加裁静态jar
LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional
LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-java-files-under, src)
LOCAL_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES := libarity
LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := NotificationLog
LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := platform
include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)
LOCAL_PREBUILT_STATIC_JAVA_LIBRARIES := libarity:jack
include $(BUILD_MULTI_PREBUILT)
include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))

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