php面试题大全(三)

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编程题:

1. 写一个函数,尽可能高效的,从一个标准 url 里取出文件的扩展名

   例如:http://www.sina.com.cn/abc/de/fg.php?id=1 需要取出 php 或 .php

答案1:

   function getExt($url){

   $arr = parse_url($url);

  

   $file = basename($arr['path']);

   $ext = explode(".",$file);

   return $ext[1];

}

答案2:

    function getExt($url) {

    $url = basename($url);

    $pos1 = strpos($url,".");

    $pos2 = strpos($url,"?");

    if(strstr($url,"?")){

         return substr($url,$pos1 + 1,$pos2 -$pos1 - 1);

    } else {

      return substr($url,$pos1);

    }

}

 

 

2. 在 HTML 语言中,页面头部的 meta标记可以用来输出文件的编码格式,以下是一个标准的 meta 语句

  请使用 PHP 语言写一个函数,把一个标准 HTML 页面中的类似 meta 标记中的 charset 部分值改为 big5

  请注意:

  1. 需要处理完整的 html 页面,即不光此 meta 语句

  2. 忽略大小写

   3. ' 和 " 在此处是可以互换的

   4. 'Content-Type' 两侧的引号是可以忽略的,但 'text/html; charset=gbk' 两侧的不行

5. 注意处理多余空格

$str=File_get_contents(‘xxx.php’);

 

 Preg_replace(‘/<meta http-equiv=‘content-type’content=[‘”]text/html;charset=.*[‘”]>/’,‘/<meta ‘content-type’ content=‘text/html;charset=utf-8’>/’,$str

 

3. 写一个函数,算出两个文件的相对路径

  如 $a ='/a/b/c/d/e.php';

  $b ='/a/b/12/34/c.php';

  计算出 $b 相对于 $a 的相对路径应该是 ../../c/d将()添上

:function getRelativePath($a, $b) {  

    $returnPath = array(dirname($b));  

    $arrA = explode('/', $a);  

    $arrB = explode('/', $returnPath[0]);  

    for ($n = 1, $len = count($arrB); $n <$len; $n++) {  

        if ($arrA[$n] != $arrB[$n]) {  

            break;  

        }   

    }  

    if ($len - $n > 0) {  

        $returnPath = array_merge($returnPath,array_fill(1, $len - $n, '..'));  

    }  

      

    $returnPath = array_merge($returnPath,array_slice($arrA, $n));  

    return implode('/', $returnPath);  

   }  

   echo getRelativePath($a, $b); 

 

填空题:

1.在PHP中,当前脚本的名称(不包括路径和查询字符串)记录在预定义变量__$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']__中;而链接到当前页面的URL记录在预定义变量__$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']__

 

 

2.执行程序段<?php echo 8%(-2) ?>将输出__0__。

 

3.在HTTP 1.0中,状态码 401 的含义是__未被授权__;如果返回“找不到文件”的提示,则可用 header 函数,其语句为__header(‘location:xxx.php’)__。

 

4.数组函数 arsort 的作用是__对数组进行逆向排序并保持索引关系__;语句error_reporting(2047)的作用是__报告所有错误和警告__。

 

5.PEAR中的数据库连接字符串格式是__

 

6.写出一个正则表达式,过虑网页上的所有JS/VBS脚本(即把scrīpt标记及其内容都去掉):preg_replace("/<script[^>].*?>.*?</script>/si","newinfo", $script);

 

7.以Apache模块的方式安装PHP,在文件http.conf中首先要用语句____动态装载PHP模块,然后再用语句____使得Apache把所有扩展名为php的文件都作为PHP脚本处理。

  LoadModule php5_module "c:/php/php5apache2.dll" ,

  AddTypeapplication/x-httpd-php .php,

 

8.语句 include 和 require 都能把另外一个文件包含到当前文件中,它们的区别是____;为了避免多次包含同一文件,可以用语句__require_once||include_once__来代替它们。

 

9.类的属性可以序列化后保存到 session 中,从而以后可以恢复整个类,这要用到的函数是__unserialize__。

 

10.一个函数的参数不能是对变量的引用,除非在php.ini中把__allow_call_time_pass_reference boolean__设为on.

 

11.SQL中LEFT JOIN的含义是__自然左外链接__。如果 tbl_user记录了学生的姓名(name)和学号(ID),tbl_score记录了学生(有的学生考试以后被开除了,没有其记录)的学号(ID)

 

和考试成绩(score)以及考试科目(subject),要想打印出各个学生姓名及对应的的各科总成绩,则可以用SQL语句__select  *  fromtbl_user left jion tbl_score on tbl_user.id=tbl_score.uid__

 

12.在PHP中,heredoc是一种特殊的字符串,它的结束标志必须____。

 <<<EOT

Sdashkdhklahdklh

EOT

编程题:

13.写一个函数,能够遍历一个文件夹下的所有文件和子文件夹。

答:

function my_scandir($dir)

{

     $files = array();

     if ( $handle = opendir($dir) ) {

         while ( ($file = readdir($handle)) !==false ) {

$file=$dir.’/’.$file

             if ( $file != ".."&& $file != "." ) {

                 if ( is_dir($dir ."/" . $file) ) {

                     $files[$file] =scandir($dir . "/" . $file);

                 }else {

                     $files[] = $file;

                 }

             }

         }

         closedir($handle);

         return $files;

     }

}

 

14.简述论坛中无限分类的实现原理。

:

<?php

/*

数据表结构如下:

CREATE TABLE `category` (

 `categoryID` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULLauto_increment,

 `categoryParentID` smallint(5) unsigned NOTNULL default '0',

 `categoryName` varchar(50) NOT NULL default'',

 PRIMARY KEY (`categoryID`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULTCHARSET=gbk;

 

INSERT INTO `category` (`categoryParentID`, `categoryName`) VALUES

(0, '一级类别'),

(1, '二级类别'),

(1, '二级类别'),

(1, '二级类别'),

(2, '三级类别'),

(2, '333332'),

(2, '234234'),

(3, 'aqqqqqd'),

(4, '哈哈'),

(5, '66333666');

 

*/

 

//指定分类id变量$category_id,然后返回该分类的所有子类

//$default_category为默认的选中的分类

functionGet_Category($category_id = 0,$level = 0, $default_category = 0)

{

 global $DB;

 $sql = "SELECT * FROM category ORDER BYcategoryID DESC";

 $result = $DB->query( $sql );

 while ($rows = $DB->fetch_array($result))

 {

 $category_array[$rows[categoryParentID]][$rows[categoryID]]= array('id' => $rows[categoryID], 'parent' => $rows[categoryParentID],'name' => $rows

 

[categoryName]);

 }

 if (!isset($category_array[$category_id]))

 {

 return "";

 }

 foreach($category_array[$category_id] AS $key=> $category)

 {

 if ($category['id'] == $default_category)

 {

 echo "<option selectedvalue=".$category['id']."";

 }else

 {

 echo "<optionvalue=".$category['id']."";

 }

 

 if ($level > 0)

 {

 echo ">" . str_repeat( "", $level ) . " " . $category['name'] ."</option>\n";

 }

 else

 {

 echo ">" . $category['name'] ."</option>\n";

 }

 Get_Category($key, $level + 1,$default_category);

 }

 unset($category_array[$category_id]);

}

 

/*

函数返回的数组格式如下所示:

Array

(

 [1] => Array ( [id] => 1 [name] => 一级类别[level] => 0 [ParentID] => 0 )

 [4] => Array ( [id] => 4 [name] => 二级类别[level] => 1 [ParentID] => 1 )

 [9] => Array ( [id] => 9 [name] => 哈哈[level] => 2 [ParentID] => 4 )

 [3] => Array ( [id] => 3 [name] => 二级类别[level] => 1 [ParentID] => 1 )

 [8] => Array ( [id] => 8 [name] =>aqqqqqd [level] => 2 [ParentID] => 3 )

 [2] => Array ( [id] => 2 [name] => 二级类别[level] => 1 [ParentID] => 1 )

 [7] => Array ( [id] => 7 [name] =>234234 [level] => 2 [ParentID] => 2 )

 [6] => Array ( [id] => 6 [name] =>333332 [level] => 2 [ParentID] => 2 )

 [5] => Array ( [id] => 5 [name] => 三级类别[level] => 2 [ParentID] => 2 )

 [10] => Array ( [id] => 10 [name] =>66333666 [level] => 3 [ParentID] => 5 )

)

*/

//指定分类id,然后返回数组

functionCategory_array($category_id = 0,$level=0)

{

 global $DB;

 $sql = "SELECT * FROM category ORDER BYcategoryID DESC";

 $result = $DB->query($sql);

 while ($rows = $DB->fetch_array($result))

 {

 $category_array[$rows['categoryParentID']][$rows['categoryID']]= $rows;

 }

 

 foreach ($category_array AS $key=>$val)

 {

 if ($key == $category_id)

 {

 foreach ($val AS $k=> $v)

 {

 $options[$k] =

 array(

 'id' => $v['categoryID'], 'name' =>$v['categoryName'], 'level' => $level, 'ParentID'=>$v['categoryParentID']

 );

 

 $children = Category_array($k, $level+1);

 

 if (count($children) > 0)

 {

 $options = $options + $children;

 }

 }

 }

 }

 unset($category_array[$category_id]);

 return $options;

}

 

?>

 

<?php

 

class cate

{

 

        function Get_Category($category_id =0,$level = 0, $default_category = 0)

        {

             echo $category_id;

             $arr = array(

              '0' => array(

                             '1' =>array('id' => 1, 'parent' => 0, 'name' => '1111'),

                             '2' =>array('id' => 2, 'parent' => 0, 'name' => '2222'),

                            '4' =>array('id' => 4, 'parent' => 0, 'name' => '4444')   

                          ),

              '1' => array(

                              '3' =>array('id' => 3, 'parent' => 1, 'name' => '333333'),

                            '5' =>array('id' => 5, 'parent' => 1, 'name' => '555555')    

                            ),

                         

              '3' => array(

                            '6' =>array('id' => 6, 'parent' => 3, 'name' => '66666'),

                            '7' =>array('id' => 7, 'parent' => 3, 'name' => '77777')

                            ),

              '4' => array(

                            '8' =>array('id' => 8, 'parent' => 4, 'name' => '8888'),

                            '9' =>array('id' => 9, 'parent' => 4, 'name' => '9999')

                            )   

             );

 

             if (!isset($arr[$category_id]))

             {

                return "";

             }

   

             foreach($arr[$category_id] AS $key=> $cate)

             {

                 if ($cate['id'] ==$default_category)

                 {

                     $txt = "<optionselected value=".$cate['id']."";

                 }else{

                     $txt = "<optionvalue=".$cate['id']."";

                 }

           

                 if ($level > 0)

                 {

                    $txt1 = ">" .str_repeat( "-", $level ) . " " . $cate['name'] ."</option>\n";

                 }else{

                     $txt1 = ">" .$cate['name'] . "</option>\n";

                 }

                 $val = $txt.$txt1;

                 echo $val;

                 self::Get_Category($key,$level + 1, $default_category);

             }

           

        }

       

       

        function getFlush($category_id =0,$level = 0, $default_category = 0)

        {

           

            ob_start();

 

            self::Get_Category($category_id,$level, $default_category);

 

            $out = ob_get_contents();

 

            ob_end_clean();

            return $out;

        }   

}

$id =$_GET['id'];

echo"<select>";

$c = new cate();

//$c->Get_Category();

$ttt=  $c->getFlush($id,'0','3');

echo $ttt;

echo"</select>";

?>


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