mysql高级教程-02

1.查看字符集

       show variables like '%char%';

 show variables like '%character%';

解决字符集乱码  windows下修改my.ini文件  （红色部分代码是后加入的）

# Example MySQL config file for very large systems.## This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly# MySQL.## MySQL programs look for option files in a set of# locations which depend on the deployment platform.# You can copy this option file to one of those# locations. For information about these locations, see:# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html## In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program# with the "--help" option.# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients[client]#password= your_passwordport= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=utf8# Here follows entries for some specific programs# The MySQL server[mysqld]port= 3306socket= /tmp/mysql.sockcharacter_set_server=utf8character_set_client=utf8collation-server=utf8_general_cilower_case_table_names=1max_connections=1000skip-external-lockingkey_buffer_size = 384Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 512sort_buffer_size = 2Mread_buffer_size = 2Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 8Mmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 64Mthread_cache_size = 8query_cache_size = 32M# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrencythread_concurrency = 8# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!# #skip-networking# Replication Master Server (default)# binary logging is required for replicationlog-bin=mysql-bin# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set# but will not function as a master if omittedserver-id= 1# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)## To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between# two methods :## 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -#    the syntax is:##    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;##    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).##    Example:##    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';## OR## 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)## required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1# (and different from the master)# defaults to 2 if master-host is set# but will not function as a slave if omitted#server-id       = 2## The replication master for this slave - required#master-host     =   <hostname>## The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting# to the master - required#master-user     =   <username>## The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to# the master - required#master-password =   <password>## The port the master is listening on.# optional - defaults to 3306#master-port     =  <port>## binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended#log-bin=mysql-bin## binary logging format - mixed recommended #binlog_format=mixed# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables#innodb_data_home_dir = C:\\mysql\\data\\#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend#innodb_log_group_home_dir = C:\\mysql\\data\\# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size#innodb_log_file_size = 100M#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]no-auto-rehashdefault-character-set=utf8# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL#safe-updates[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 256Msort_buffer_size = 256Mread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeout

2.配置文件

主要配置文件有：二进制日志log-bin(主从复制)、错误日志log-error、查询日志log、数据文件（.frm结尾文件 存放表结构、.myd结尾文件存放表数据  .myi结尾文件 存放表索引）

3.分层架构

4.查看存储引擎

show engines;
show variables like "%storage_engine%";

5.MyISAM引擎和InnoDB引擎区别