Android——有序广播和无序广播

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1.有序广播

    有序广播是一种同步执行的广播,在广播发出之后,同一时刻只会有一个广播接收器能够收到这条广播消息,当这个广播接收器中的逻辑执行完毕后,广播才会继续传递。此时的广播接收器是有先后顺序,优先级高的广播接收器就可以先收到广播消息,并且前面的广播接收器还可以截断正在传递的广播,这样后面的广播接收器就无法收到广播消息了。想要拦截一条广播不往下发送,可以使用abortBroadcast();方法。

2.无序广播

    无序广播是一种完全异步执行的广播,在广播发出去之后,所有的广播接收器几乎同时接收到这条广播消息,但是接受的顺序不确定,这种广播的效率比较高,但也意味着它是无法被截断的。

下面通过一个例子展示一下有序广播:

(1),任务介绍:



(2)布局设置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:id="@+id/activity_main"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:background="@drawable/stitch_one"    tools:context="com.edu.bzu.mybroder.MainActivity">    <Button        android:text="发送有序广播"        android:textSize="20dp"        android:onClick="send"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_marginLeft="97dp"        android:layout_marginStart="97dp"        android:layout_marginTop="75dp"        android:id="@+id/button"        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"        android:layout_alignParentStart="true" /></RelativeLayout>
(3)点击发送有序广播按钮时间处理:

代码如下:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    }    public void send(View view){        Intent intent=new Intent();        //定义广播的事件类型        intent.setAction("Intercept_Stitch");        //发送广播        sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);    }}
(4).分别创建三个广播接受者,
MyReceiver,

MyReceiverTwo,MyReceiverThree。打印日志用于区分:

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyReceiver() {    }    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        // TODO: This method is called when the BroadcastReceiver is receiving        // an Intent broadcast.        Log.i("MyReceiver","自定义的广播接收者,接收到了广播事件");        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");    }}
public class MyReceiverTwo extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyReceiverTwo() {    }    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        // TODO: This method is called when the BroadcastReceiver is receiving        // an Intent broadcast.        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");    }}
public class MyReceiverThree extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyReceiverThree() {    }    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        // TODO: This method is called when the BroadcastReceiver is receiving        // an Intent broadcast.        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");    }}
(5)最后,需要在清单文件中注册:通过设置priority的值,来确定每个接受者的优先级,priority的值越大,它的优先级就越大,优先级的范围在-1000到1000之间,如果两个广播接受者的优先级相同则先注册的组件优先接收到广播。如果两个应用程序监听了同一个广播事件并设置了优先级,则先安装的应用的优先接收到广播。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.edu.bzu.mybroder">    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:supportsRtl="true"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>        <receiver android:name=".MyReceiver">            <intent-filter android:priority="100">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch" />            </intent-filter>        </receiver>        <receiver            android:name=".MyReceiverTwo"            android:enabled="true"            android:exported="true">            <intent-filter android:priority="200">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch" />            </intent-filter>        </receiver>        <receiver            android:name=".MyReceiverThree"            android:enabled="true"            android:exported="true">            <intent-filter android:priority="600">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch" />            </intent-filter>        </receiver>    </application></manifest>