Android中发送有序广播案例

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Android系统提供了两种广播类型,一种是有序广播,一种是有序广播。

(1)无序广播是完全异步执行,发送广播时所有监听这个广播的广播接收者都会收到此消息,但接收的顺序不确定。

(2)有序广播是按照接收者的优先级接收,只有一个广播接收者能接收信息,在此广播接收者中逻辑执行完毕后,才会继续传递。

实验要求:通过sendOrderedBroadeast()发送一条有序广播

1.在activity-main.xml布局文件中代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:id="@+id/activity_main"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:background="@drawable/stitch_one"    tools:context="cn.edu.bzu.orderedbroadcast.MainActivity">    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"        android:onClick="send"        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"        android:text="发送有序广播"        android:paddingLeft="5dp"        android:paddingRight="5dp"        android:background="#FFD202"        android:textSize="20sp"        /></RelativeLayout>

2.在MainActivity中代码如下:
package cn.edu.bzu.orderedbroadcast;import android.content.Intent;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    }    public  void send(View view){        Intent intent=new Intent();        //定义广播事件类型        intent.setAction("Intercept_Stitch");        //发送广播       sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null);    }}
3.创建三个广播接收者

(1)MyBroadcastReceiverOne

(2)MyBroadcastReceiverTwo

(3)MyBroadcastReceiverThree

(1)在MyBroadcastReceiverOne中代码如下:

package cn.edu.bzu.orderedbroadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.util.Log;public class MyBroadcastReceiverOne extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyBroadcastReceiverOne() {    }    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiverOne","自定义的广播接收者one,接收到了广播事件");    }}

(2)在MyBroadcastReceiverTwo中代码如下:

package cn.edu.bzu.orderedbroadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.util.Log;public class MyBroadcastReceiverTwo extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyBroadcastReceiverTwo() {    }    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiverTwo","自定义的广播接收者Two,接收到了广播事件");    }}

(3)在MyBroadcastReceiverThree中代码如下:

package cn.edu.bzu.orderedbroadcast;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.util.Log;public class MyBroadcastReceiverThree extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyBroadcastReceiverThree() {    }    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiverThree","自定义的广播接收者Three,接收到了广播事件");    }}
4.在配置文件AndroidManifest中代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="cn.edu.bzu.orderedbroadcast">    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:supportsRtl="true"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>        <receiver        android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiverOne">        <intent-filter android:priority="1000">            <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch"/>        </intent-filter>        </receiver>        <receiver            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiverTwo">            <intent-filter android:priority="200">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch"/>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>        <receiver            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiverThree">            <intent-filter android:priority="600">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch"/>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>    </application></manifest>
5.实验效果图:

运行程序后解决如下问题:

问题1:程序启动后,单击“发送有序广播”按钮,发出一条广播事件,此时观察LogCat窗口下的提示信息,输出什么?为什么?

点击按钮后出现如下图所示提示信息,原因是有序广播根据优先级接收广播信息的,在配置文件中广播接收者One的priority值最大,所以它先接收到广播,其次是Three,最后是Two。其中android:priority="值"是用来设置广播接收者的优先级的,值越大,优先级别越高。


问题2:若将广播接收者MyBroadcastReceiverTwo优先级同样设置为1000,并将MyBroadcastReceiverTwo注册在MyBroadcastReceiverOne前面,再来运行程序,观察结果,你能得出什么结论?

修改配置文件AndroidManifest中代码如下:

        <receiver            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiverTwo">            <intent-filter android:priority="1000">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch"/>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>        <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiverOne">            <intent-filter android:priority="1000">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch"/>        </intent-filter>        </receiver>        <receiver            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiverThree">            <intent-filter android:priority="600">                <action android:name="Intercept_Stitch"/>            </intent-filter>        </receiver>
运行程序出现如下图所示提示信息,原因是当广播接收者的优先级别相同时,先注册的广播接收者先接收到广播。


问题3:修改MyBroadcastReceiverTwo如下,观察结果,你又可以得出什么结论?

public class MyBroadcastReceiverTwo extends BroadcastReceiver {    public MyBroadcastReceiverTwo() {    }    @Override     public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiverTwo","自定义的广播接收者Two,接收到了广播事件");        abortBroadcast();//有序广播拦截器        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiverTwo","我是广播接收者Two,广播被我终止了");    }}
运行程序出现如下图所示提示信息,原因是广播接收者Two的优先级最高,所以在Two中写一个拦截器,优先级低的广播接收者将接收不到广播信息,所以One和Three没有接收到广播事件,也就没有打印关于它们的信息。