android插件化开发---换肤
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android插件化开发—换肤
在自己手写换肤功能之前需要了解关于view的创建过程，如果不了解的朋友可以看下我另外一篇博客：android中布局和View创建
从上一篇文章中我们知道在创建view之前，会先调用LayoutInflater中的mFactory2，mFactory，mPrivateFactory的onCreateView，所以我们只要设置Factory，就可以对view创建进行拦截，
先看下效果图：
换肤前
换肤后
下面让我们来一起来看下代码：
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { //在onCreate前设置Factory /** * AppCompatDelegateImplV9--->installViewFactory() * * LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext); * if (layoutInflater.getFactory() == null) { * LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory(layoutInflater, this); * } * */ //换肤 LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory(layoutInflater,this); super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); }下面来看下LayoutInflaterFactory实现：
@Override public View onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { Log.e(TAG,"======>Name====="+name); //1.创建view View view =createView(parent, name, context, attrs); Log.e(TAG,"======>onCreateView====》"+view); //2.解析属性 if(view!=null) { Log.e(TAG,"======>onCreateView====》111111111"); List<SkinAttr> skinAttrs = SkinAttrSupport.getSkinAttrs(context, attrs); SkinView skinView=new SkinView(view,skinAttrs); //3.交给skinmangager统一管理 managerSkinView(skinView); //4.判断是否要换皮肤 SkinManager.getInstance().checkChangeSkin(skinView); } return view; } /** * 创建view 来自系统原码 * @param parent * @param name * @param context * @param attrs * @return */ public View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs) { final boolean isPre21 = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21; if (mAppCompatViewInflater == null) { mAppCompatViewInflater = new SkinAppCompatViewInflater(); } // We only want the View to inherit its context if we're running pre-v21 final boolean inheritContext = isPre21 && true && shouldInheritContext((ViewParent) parent); return mAppCompatViewInflater.createView(parent, name, context, attrs, inheritContext, isPre21, /* Only read android:theme pre-L (L+ handles this anyway) */ true, /* Read read app:theme as a fallback at all times for legacy reasons */ VectorEnabledTintResources.shouldBeUsed() /* Only tint wrap the context if enabled */ ); }大家可以看到，这边其实就是对创建view做了个拦截，用我们直接写的createView来创建view，因为我们这个换肤要保证新版本控件的特性，所以mAppCompatViewInflater.createView（）来创建view,这是对新版本的兼容类：
public class SkinAppCompatViewInflater { private static final Class<?>[] sConstructorSignature = new Class[]{ Context.class, AttributeSet.class}; private static final int[] sOnClickAttrs = new int[]{android.R.attr.onClick}; private static final String[] sClassPrefixList = { "android.widget.", "android.view.", "android.webkit." }; private static final String LOG_TAG = "AppCompatViewInflater"; private static final Map<String, Constructor<? extends View>> sConstructorMap = new ArrayMap<>(); private final Object[] mConstructorArgs = new Object[2]; public final View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context, @NonNull AttributeSet attrs, boolean inheritContext, boolean readAndroidTheme, boolean readAppTheme, boolean wrapContext) { final Context originalContext = context; Log.e("CompatViewInflater","=====>"+inheritContext+"-"+parent+"-"+readAndroidTheme+"-"+readAppTheme); // We can emulate Lollipop's android:theme attribute propagating down the view hierarchy // by using the parent's context if (inheritContext && parent != null) { context = parent.getContext(); } if (readAndroidTheme || readAppTheme) { // We then apply the theme on the context, if specified context = themifyContext(context, attrs, readAndroidTheme, readAppTheme); } if(context == originalContext){ Log.e("CompatViewInflater","=====>tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt"); } if (wrapContext) { context = TintContextWrapper.wrap(context); } View view = null; // We need to 'inject' our tint aware Views in place of the standard framework versions switch (name) { case "TextView": view = new AppCompatTextView(context, attrs); break; case "ImageView": view = new AppCompatImageView(context, attrs); break; case "Button": view = new AppCompatButton(context, attrs); break; case "EditText": view = new AppCompatEditText(context, attrs); break; case "Spinner": view = new AppCompatSpinner(context, attrs); break; case "ImageButton": view = new AppCompatImageButton(context, attrs); break; case "CheckBox": view = new AppCompatCheckBox(context, attrs); break; case "RadioButton": view = new AppCompatRadioButton(context, attrs); break; case "CheckedTextView": view = new AppCompatCheckedTextView(context, attrs); break; case "AutoCompleteTextView": view = new AppCompatAutoCompleteTextView(context, attrs); break; case "MultiAutoCompleteTextView": view = new AppCompatMultiAutoCompleteTextView(context, attrs); break; case "RatingBar": view = new AppCompatRatingBar(context, attrs); break; case "SeekBar": view = new AppCompatSeekBar(context, attrs); break; } Log.e("SkinAppCompat","======>111111111111111111");// if (view == null && originalContext != context) { if (view == null ) { // If the original context does not equal our themed context, then we need to manually // inflate it using the name so that android:theme takes effect. Log.e("SkinAppCompat","======>22222222222222222222222"); view = createViewFromTag(context, name, attrs); } if (view != null) { // If we have created a view, check it's android:onClick checkOnClickListener(view, attrs); } return view; } private View createViewFromTag(Context context, String name, AttributeSet attrs) { if (name.equals("view")) { name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class"); } try { mConstructorArgs[0] = context; mConstructorArgs[1] = attrs; if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) { for (int i = 0; i < sClassPrefixList.length; i++) { final View view = createView(context, name, sClassPrefixList[i]); if (view != null) { return view; } } return null; } else { return createView(context, name, null); } } catch (Exception e) { // We do not want to catch these, lets return null and let the actual LayoutInflater // try return null; } finally { // Don't retain references on context. mConstructorArgs[0] = null; mConstructorArgs[1] = null; } } /** * android:onClick doesn't handle views with a ContextWrapper context. This method * backports new framework functionality to traverse the Context wrappers to find a * suitable target. */ private void checkOnClickListener(View view, AttributeSet attrs) { final Context context = view.getContext(); if (!(context instanceof ContextWrapper) || (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 15 && !ViewCompat.hasOnClickListeners(view))) { // Skip our compat functionality if: the Context isn't a ContextWrapper, or // the view doesn't have an OnClickListener (we can only rely on this on API 15+ so // always use our compat code on older devices) return; } final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, sOnClickAttrs); final String handlerName = a.getString(0); if (handlerName != null) { view.setOnClickListener(new DeclaredOnClickListener(view, handlerName)); } a.recycle(); } private View createView(Context context, String name, String prefix) throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException { Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name); try { if (constructor == null) { // Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it Class<? extends View> clazz = context.getClassLoader().loadClass( prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class); constructor = clazz.getConstructor(sConstructorSignature); sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor); } constructor.setAccessible(true); return constructor.newInstance(mConstructorArgs); } catch (Exception e) { // We do not want to catch these, lets return null and let the actual LayoutInflater // try return null; } } /** * Allows us to emulate the {@code android:theme} attribute for devices before L. */ private static Context themifyContext(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, boolean useAndroidTheme, boolean useAppTheme) { final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, android.support.v7.appcompat.R.styleable.View, 0, 0); int themeId = 0; if (useAndroidTheme) { // First try reading android:theme if enabled themeId = a.getResourceId(android.support.v7.appcompat.R.styleable.View_android_theme, 0); } if (useAppTheme && themeId == 0) { // ...if that didn't work, try reading app:theme (for legacy reasons) if enabled themeId = a.getResourceId(android.support.v7.appcompat.R.styleable.View_theme, 0); if (themeId != 0) { Log.i(LOG_TAG, "app:theme is now deprecated. " + "Please move to using android:theme instead."); } } a.recycle(); if (themeId != 0 && (!(context instanceof ContextThemeWrapper) || ((ContextThemeWrapper) context).getThemeResId() != themeId)) { // If the context isn't a ContextThemeWrapper, or it is but does not have // the same theme as we need, wrap it in a new wrapper context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeId); } return context; } /** * An implementation of OnClickListener that attempts to lazily load a * named click handling method from a parent or ancestor context. */ private static class DeclaredOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener { private final View mHostView; private final String mMethodName; private Method mResolvedMethod; private Context mResolvedContext; public DeclaredOnClickListener(@NonNull View hostView, @NonNull String methodName) { mHostView = hostView; mMethodName = methodName; } @Override public void onClick(@NonNull View v) { if (mResolvedMethod == null) { resolveMethod(mHostView.getContext(), mMethodName); } try { mResolvedMethod.invoke(mResolvedContext, v); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { throw new IllegalStateException( "Could not execute non-public method for android:onClick", e); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { throw new IllegalStateException( "Could not execute method for android:onClick", e); } } @NonNull private void resolveMethod(@Nullable Context context, @NonNull String name) { while (context != null) { try { if (!context.isRestricted()) { final Method method = context.getClass().getMethod(mMethodName, View.class); if (method != null) { mResolvedMethod = method; mResolvedContext = context; return; } } } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { // Failed to find method, keep searching up the hierarchy. } if (context instanceof ContextWrapper) { context = ((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext(); } else { // Can't search up the hierarchy, null out and fail. context = null; } } final int id = mHostView.getId(); final String idText = id == View.NO_ID ? "" : " with id '" + mHostView.getContext().getResources().getResourceEntryName(id) + "'"; throw new IllegalStateException("Could not find method " + mMethodName + "(View) in a parent or ancestor Context for android:onClick " + "attribute defined on view " + mHostView.getClass() + idText); } } }看过上一篇博客的小伙伴应该对这个类有点也不陌生，这个就是创建view的兼容类。
基本的代码已经看完，现在我们就来写换肤的基础类：
public class SkinAttr { //资源名 private String mResName; //属性类型 private SkinType mSkinType; public SkinAttr(String name, SkinType skinType) { this.mResName=name; this.mSkinType=skinType; } /** * 跟换view的属性资源 * @param mView */ public void skin(View mView) { mSkinType.skin(mView,mResName); }}public enum SkinType { TEXT_COLOR("textColor") { @Override public void skin(View mView, String mResName) { SkinResource resource = getSkinResource(); ColorStateList colorStateList = resource.getColorByName(mResName); Log.e("tag","textColor=====>"+mResName+"==="+colorStateList); if(colorStateList == null){ return; } TextView tv= (TextView) mView; tv.setTextColor(colorStateList); } },BACKGROUND("background") { @Override public void skin(View mView, String mResName) { SkinResource resource = getSkinResource(); Drawable drawable = resource.getDrawableByName(mResName); if(drawable != null){ mView.setBackgroundDrawable(drawable); return; } ColorStateList color = resource.getColorByName(mResName); if(color!=null){ mView.setBackgroundColor(color.getDefaultColor()); } } },SRC("src") { @Override public void skin(View mView, String mResName) { SkinResource resource = getSkinResource(); Drawable drawable = resource.getDrawableByName(mResName); if(drawable != null) { ImageView iv = (ImageView) mView; iv.setImageDrawable(drawable); } } }; private String mResName; SkinType(String name){ this.mResName=name; } public abstract void skin(View mView, String mResName); public String getResName() { return mResName; } public SkinResource getSkinResource(){ return SkinManager.getInstance().getSkinResource(); }}public class SkinView { private View mView; private List<SkinAttr> mAttrs; public SkinView(View view, List<SkinAttr> skinAttrs) { this.mView=view; this.mAttrs=skinAttrs; } /** * 当前view中属性更换资源 */ public void skin(){ for (SkinAttr attr : mAttrs) { attr.skin(mView); } }}下面就是一些简单的保存view以及属性的类，下面来重点看下SkinManager和SkinResource类
SkinManager
public class SkinManager { static SkinManager mSkinManager = null; Map<IChangeSkinListener,List<SkinView>> mSkinViews= new ArrayMap<>(); private Context mContext = null; static { mSkinManager=new SkinManager(); } private SkinResource mSkinResource; public static SkinManager getInstance(){ return mSkinManager; } public void init(Context context){ mContext = context.getApplicationContext(); String DefaultResourcePath = mContext.getPackageResourcePath(); String skinPath = SkinUtil.getInstance(mContext).getSkinPath(); if(TextUtils.isEmpty(skinPath)) { //初始化资源管理 mSkinResource = new SkinResource(mContext,DefaultResourcePath); return; } File skinFile = new File(skinPath); if(!skinFile.exists()){ SkinUtil.getInstance(mContext).saveSkinPath(""); //初始化资源管理 mSkinResource = new SkinResource(mContext,DefaultResourcePath); return; } String packageName = context.getPackageManager().getPackageArchiveInfo(skinPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES).packageName; if(TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName)){ SkinUtil.getInstance(mContext).saveSkinPath(""); //初始化资源管理 mSkinResource = new SkinResource(mContext,DefaultResourcePath); return; } //校验签名 mSkinResource = new SkinResource(mContext,skinPath); } /** * 加载皮肤 * @param skinPath * @return */ public int loadSkin(String skinPath){ //校验签名 //初始化资源管理 mSkinResource = new SkinResource(mContext,skinPath); chanageSkin(); saveSkinPath(skinPath); return 0; } /** * 恢复默认主题 */ public void restoreDefault(){ String skinPath = SkinUtil.getInstance(mContext).getSkinPath(); if(TextUtils.isEmpty(skinPath)){ return; } String DefaultResourcePath = mContext.getPackageResourcePath(); //初始化资源管理 mSkinResource = new SkinResource(mContext,DefaultResourcePath); chanageSkin(); saveSkinPath(""); } private void chanageSkin(){ Set<Map.Entry<IChangeSkinListener, List<SkinView>>> entries = mSkinViews.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<IChangeSkinListener, List<SkinView>> entry : entries) { List<SkinView> values = entry.getValue(); for (SkinView view : values) { view.skin(); } IChangeSkinListener listener = entry.getKey(); listener.chanageSkin(mSkinResource); } } /** * 获取指定Activity的view集合 * @param activity * @return */ public List<SkinView> getSkinViews(Activity activity) { List<SkinView> skinViews = mSkinViews.get(activity); return skinViews; } /** * 保存正在使用皮肤路径 * @param skinPath */ public void saveSkinPath(String skinPath){ SkinUtil.getInstance(mContext).saveSkinPath(skinPath); } public void register(IChangeSkinListener activity, List<SkinView> skinViews) { mSkinViews.put(activity,skinViews); } public void unregister(Activity activity) { mSkinViews.remove(activity); } public SkinResource getSkinResource() { return mSkinResource; } /** * 检查是否要换肤 * @param skinView */ public void checkChangeSkin(SkinView skinView) { String skinPath = SkinUtil.getInstance(mContext).getSkinPath(); if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(skinPath)){ skinView.skin(); } }}SkinResource
//皮肤资源通过这个对象获取 private Resources mSkinResources=null; private String mSkinPackageName; public SkinResource(Context context, String skinPath){ try{ Resources supRes = context.getResources(); AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance(); Method addAssetPath = AssetManager.class.getDeclaredMethod("addAssetPath",String.class); addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager,skinPath); mSkinResources = new Resources(assetManager,supRes.getDisplayMetrics(),supRes.getConfiguration()); mSkinPackageName = context.getPackageManager().getPackageArchiveInfo(skinPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES).packageName; }catch (Exception ex){ ex.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 通过名称获取drawable * @param name * @return */ public Drawable getDrawableByName(String name){ try { int resId = mSkinResources.getIdentifier(name, "drawable", mSkinPackageName); Drawable drawable = mSkinResources.getDrawable(resId); return drawable; }catch (Exception ex){ } return null; } /** * 根据名称获取颜色 * @param name * @return */ public ColorStateList getColorByName(String name){ try { int resId = mSkinResources.getIdentifier(name, "color", mSkinPackageName); ColorStateList colorStateList= mSkinResources.getColorStateList(resId); return colorStateList; }catch (Exception ex){ Log.e("tag","=====>"+ex); } return null; }} 基本使用：
public class BaseApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); SkinManager.getInstance().init(this); } }一句话就行了，但是要注意，资源必须使用@drawable @color等
如果有自定义属性，第三方控件，可以实现chanageSkin：
@Overridepublic void chanageSkin(SkinResource resource) { super.chanageSkin(resource);}更据自己的需求来改写。
知道原理其实也没那么神奇，大家也可以上网看一些第三的库，但是核心原理其实一模一样，也可以自己在这个基础上进行扩展，添加别的一键切换的功能
下载地址：StoneSkinManage-Demo
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