（一）基于SSH实现员工管理系统之框架整合篇

1.环境搭建

导入jar包

• Struts2导入jar包:

*最基本的jar包    * struts2/apps/struts2-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*.jar*整合Spring框架    * struts2/lib/struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar    *整合AJAX    * struts2/lib/struts2-json-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar*使用Struts2注解开发                        * struts2/lib/struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar    

• Hibernate导入jar包

* 核心包:hibernate3.jar* lib/required/*.jar* lib/jpa/*.jar* 引入hibernate整合日志系统的jar包:slf4j-log4j12-1.7.2.jar* 数据库驱动:mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar* 数据连接池:c3p0-0.9.1.jar* 二级缓存:(可选的.)* backport-util-concurrent.jar* commons-logging.jar* ehcache-1.5.0.jar

• Spring导入jar包

*Spring3.2 开发最基本jar包    spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar    spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar    spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar    spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar    com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar（日记整合的包，在spring依赖包下）    com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar(进行日志记录的包，在spring依赖包下)*AOP开发    spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar    spring-aspects-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar    com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar    com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar*Spring Jdbc开发    spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar*Spring事务管理    spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar*Spring整合其他ORM框架    spring-orm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar*Spring在web中使用    spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar*Spring整合Junit测试    spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar(Spring没有引入c3p0和数据库驱动)

引入配置文件

• Struts2框架的配置文件

  web.xml

<filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>

**src下创建struts.xml**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts></struts>

• Spring框架的配置文件

web.xml

<!-- 配置Spring的监听器 -->    <listener>        <!-- 监听器默认加载的是WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener>    <!-- 指定Spring框架的配置文件所在的位置 -->    <context-param>        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>    </context-param>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"></beans>

log4j.properties

### direct log messages to stdout ###log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.outlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### direct messages to file mylog.log ###log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppenderlog4j.appender.file.File=d:/mylog.loglog4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout

• hibernate框架的配置文件

hibernate.cfg.xml(在ssh中该配置文件可以省略)
映射文件：类名.hbm.xml

创建包结构

*cn.my.ssh.action*cn.my.ssh.service*cn.my.ssh.dao*cn.my.ssh.domain(创建一个Product类)

package cn.my.ssh.domain;public class Product {    private Integer id;    private String name;    private Double price;    public Integer getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(Integer id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Double getPrice() {        return price;    }    public void setPrice(Double price) {        this.price = price;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Product [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price                + "]";    }}

2.Struts2整合Spring

页面创建（保存商品addProduct.jsp）

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body>    <h1>保存商品的页面</h1>    <s:form action="product_save" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">        <table border="1">            <tr>                <td>商品名称</td>                <td><s:textfield name="name"></s:textfield></td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td>商品价格</td>                <td><s:textfield name="price"></s:textfield></td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td colspan="2"><s:submit value="保存商品"></s:submit></td>            </tr>        </table>    </s:form></body></html>

编写action，service，dao

• ProductAction

package cn.my.ssh.action;import cn.my.ssh.domain.Product;import cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;/** * 商品管理action类 * @author xiong * */public class ProductAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Product> {//  模型驱动使用的类    Product product = new Product();    public Product getModel() {        return product;    }//  struts2和spring整合按名称注入的业务层类    private ProductService productService = new ProductService();    public void setProductService(ProductService productService) {        this.productService = productService;    }}

• ProductService

package cn.my.ssh.service;import cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao;/** * 商品管理service类 * @author xiong * */public class ProductService {//  业务层注入dao的类    private ProductDao productDao = new ProductDao();    public void setProductDao(ProductDao productDao) {        this.productDao = productDao;    }}

• ProductDao

package cn.my.ssh.dao;/** * 商品管理dao类 * @author xiong * */public class ProductDao {}

配置action，service，dao的类

service,dao类的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">    <!-- 配置业务层的类 -->    <bean id="productService" class="cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService">        <property name="" ref=""></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置dao层的类 -->    <bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">    </bean></beans>

（1）struts2自己管理action类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts>    <package name="ssh" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">        <action name="product_*" class="cn.my.ssh.action.ProductAction" method="{1}"></action>    </package></struts>

添加各层测试代码：
结果：

action类的save方法执行了service层的save方法执行了dao层的save方法执行了

（2）action类由spring管理

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">    <!-- 配置action的类  注意加scope="prototype"不然action会是单例的-->    <bean id="productAction" class="cn.my.ssh.action.ProductAction" scope="prototype">    <!-- 手动注入service -->        <property name="productService" ref="productService"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置业务层的类 -->    <bean id="productService" class="cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService">        <property name="productDao" ref="productDao"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置dao层的类 -->    <bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">    </bean></beans>

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts>    <package name="ssh" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">        <action name="product_*" class="productAction" method="{1}"></action>    </package></struts>

Web层获得Service:

传统方式:* 获得WebApplicationContext对象.* 通过WebAppolicationContext中getBean(“”);实际开发中:* 引入了struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.3.jar* 有一个配置文件 : struts-plugin.xml开启常量 :<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />引发另一个常量的执行:(Spring的工厂类按照名称自动注入)struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name

3.Spring整合Hibernate

创建数据库和映射文件

创建一个ssh的数据库：create database ssh；
创建Product的映射文件（与实体类在同一个包下）：
Product.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC     "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping>    <class name="cn.my.ssh.domain.Product" table="product">        <id name="id" column="id">            <generator class="native"></generator>        </id>        <property name="name" column="name" length="20"></property>        <property name="price" column="price"></property>    </class></hibernate-mapping>

配置去掉Hibernate配置文件

• 编写jdbc.properties数据库属性文件

jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sshjdbc.username=rootjdbc.password=root

• 在applicationContext.xml配置hibernate的相关属性

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">    <!-- 引入外部属性文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>    <!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>    </bean>    <!-- 配置hibernate相关属性      也可以使用hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件进行配置    -->    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">        <!-- 注入连接池 -->        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>        <!-- 配置hibernate属性 -->        <property name="hibernateProperties">            <props>            <!-- 配置方言为mysql方言 -->                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>                <!-- 打印sql语句 -->                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>            </props>        </property>        <!-- 加载Hibernate中的对象映射文件 -->        <property name="mappingResources">        <!-- 对象为多个，使用list -->            <list>            <!-- 这里的路径是相对于src/下的路径 -->                <value>cn/my/ssh/domain/Product.hbm.xml</value>            </list>        </property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置action的类  注意加scope="prototype"不然action会是单例的-->    <bean id="productAction" class="cn.my.ssh.action.ProductAction" scope="prototype">    <!-- 手动注入service -->        <property name="productService" ref="productService"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置业务层的类 -->    <bean id="productService" class="cn.my.ssh.service.ProductService">        <property name="productDao" ref="productDao"></property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置dao层的类 -->    <bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">    </bean></beans>

运行后自动在ssh数据库上创建product表

编写dao代码

在dao注入sessionFactory：

1.在dao的类上继承HibernateDaoSupport。2.在配置dao时    <!-- 配置dao层的类 -->    <bean id="productDao" class="cn.my.ssh.dao.ProductDao">        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>    </bean>3.在Dao层调用模版完成保存操作    this.getHibernateTemplate().save(product);

添加事务管理

<!-- 事务管理器 -->    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>    </bean>    <!-- 注解开启事务 -->    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

**然后在业务层类上添加一个注解:
@Transactional**

HibernateTemplate的API:

Serializable save(Object entity)                        :保存数据 void update(Object entity)                             :修改数据 void delete(Object entity)                             :删除数据 <T> T get(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id)       :根据ID进行检索.立即检索 <T> T load(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id)      :根据ID进行检索.延迟检索. List find(String queryString, Object... values)        :支持HQL查询.直接返回List集合. List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria)         :离线条件查询. List findByNamedQuery(String queryName, Object... values)  :命名查询的方式.