利用nginx的upstream实现负载均衡(带安装脚本)

1 系统信息

[root@lb-01-7 vhost]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@lb-01-7 vhost]# uname -r
2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64

2 环境

HOSTNAME

IP

说明

lb-01-7

10.0.0.7

Nginx主负载均衡器

web-01-9

10.0.0.9

web服务器

web-01-9

10.0.0.10

web服务器

软件：nginx-1.12.0

3 安装脚本
 #! /bin/bash
#  function :install nginx

SOFT_INSTALL_PATH=/usr/local
NGINX_VERSION=nginx-1.12.0
SOFT=/home/zyb/tools

function nginx_install()
{
# add user and group
groupadd www
useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M -g www


# install Dependent package
yum install -y pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel>>nginx.log


[ -d $SOFT ] && cd $SOFT || exit 1
tar -xf ${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz
cd ${NGINX_VERSION}
./configure --prefix=${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION} --user=www --group=www \
--with-http_sub_module --with-http_ssl_module  --with-http_stub_status_module >>nginx.log
[ $? == "0" ] && make >>nginx.log ||exit 1
make install >>nginx.log
ln -s ${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION} ${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/nginx
${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION}/sbin/nginx 
netstat -nlutp|grep 80
}


function nginx_config()
{


cat >${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION}/conf/nginx.conf<<EOF
user  www www;
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;




error_log  /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  error;


pid        /home/wwwlogs/nginx.pid;


#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;


events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 10240;
        multi_accept on;
    }


http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;


        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 50m; 
send_timeout 25;


        sendfile   on;
        tcp_nopush on;


        keepalive_timeout 60;


        tcp_nodelay on;


        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;


        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length  1k;
        gzip_buffers     4 32k;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml application/xml+rss;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
        gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";


        #limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m;
        ##If enable limit_conn_zone,add "limit_conn perip 10;" to server section.
        log_format  main  '\$remote_addr - \$remote_user [\$time_local] "\$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "\$http_referer" '
                    '"\$http_user_agent" "\$http_x_forwarded_for"';
        server_tokens off;
        include vhost/*.conf;
}




EOF
mkdir -p  /home/wwwlogs
chown www.www /home/wwwlogs
mkdir -p ${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION}/conf/vhost
${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION}/sbin/nginx -s reload
}


function add_server()
{
    cat >${SOFT_INSTALL_PATH}/${NGINX_VERSION}/conf/vhost/www.zyb.com.conf<<EOF
        server {
            listen 80;
            server_name www.zyb.com;
            location / {
                root html;
                index index.html index.htm;
            }
            access_log /home/wwwlogs/www.zyb.com.log main;
        }
EOF
}
nginx_install
nginx_config
add_server               

4 nginx配置

4.1 修改10.0.0.7 的nginx配置文件

       在nginx.conf 的http节点添加以下信息：

        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '  "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
        server_tokens off;
        upstream www_server_pools {
                server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1;
                server 10.0.0.10:80 weight=1;
        }

    配置server节点

[root@lb-01-7 vhost]# cat www.zyb.com.conf 
        server {
            listen 80;
            server_name www.zyb.com;
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://www_server_pools;
                proxy_set_header Host $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
            }
            access_log /home/wwwlogs/www.zyb.com.log main;
        }

说明：

  proxy_pass http://www_server_pools;      将访问请求发送给www_server_pools 里的节点
  proxy_set_header Host $host; 在代理向后服务器发送http请求加入host字段信息，用于当后端服务器配置有多个虚拟主机是，可以识别代理的哪一个虚拟主机。这是节点服务器多虚拟主机的关键配置。
  proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;   这是反向代理时，节点服务器获取用户真实的IP的必要功能配置

方向代理配置相关的更多参数说明

                proxy_pass http://www_server_pools;
                proxy_set_header Host $host;
                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;

proxy_connect_timeout 60;

proxy_send_timeout 60;

proxy_read_timeout 60;

proxy_buffer_size 4k;

proxy_buffers 4 32k;

proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;

proxy_temp_file_write_size 64;