python 使用MySQL数据库的实例代码

来源:互联网 发布:淘宝服务能退款吗 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/06 12:26

安装pip

确认你win系统中已经安装好了python,和easy_install工具,如果系统安装成功,easy_install在目录C:\Python27\Scripts 下面

进入命令行,然后把目录切换到python的安装目录下的Script文件夹下,运行 easy_inatall pip

更新pip

CMD   :python -m pip install -U pip


pip安装pymysql模块

直接使用pip安装 pip install pymysql

win64上直接在cmd中执行

连接本地数据库

使用模块pymysql连接数据库

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
import pymysql
# 连接本地数据库
conn =pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', passwd='a123', db='samp_db1', charset='utf8')
cursor =conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('select * from bigstu')
for row in cursor.fetchall():
  print(row)
# 查
cursor.execute('select id, name from bigstu where age > 22')
for res in cursor.fetchall():
  print(str(res[0])+ ", " + res[1])
cursor.close()
print('-- end --')

输出:

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
(1, '张三', '男', 24, datetime.date(2017, 3, 29), '13666665555')
(6, '小刚', '男', 23, datetime.date(2017, 3, 11), '778899888')
(8, '小霞', '女', 20, datetime.date(2017, 3, 13), '13712345678')
(12, '小智', '男', 21, datetime.date(2017, 3, 7), '13787654321')
1, 张三
6, 小刚
-- end --

可以直接执行sql语句。获得的结果是元组。

插入数据

插入一条数据,接上面的代码

?
1
2
3
4
insertSql ="insert into bigstu (name, sex, age, mobile) values ('%s','%s',%d,'%s') "
xiuji =('秀吉','男', 15,'13400001111')
cursor.execute(insertSql% xiuji)
conn.commit() # 别忘了提交

添加列

在mobile后面添加一列cash

?
1
2
addCo ="alter table bigstu add cash int after mobile"
cursor.execute(addCo)

如果要设置默认值

?
1
2
addCo ="alter table bigstu add cash int default 0 after mobile"
cursor.execute(addCo)

删除数据

删除 name=秀吉 的数据

?
1
2
deleteSql ="delete from bigstu where name = '%s'"
cursor.execute(deleteSql% '秀吉')

删除列

删除cash列

?
1
2
dropCo ="alter table bigstu drop cash"
cursor.execute(dropCo)

修改数据

更新符合条件的数据

?
1
2
3
4
updateSql ="update bigstu set sex = '%s' where name = '%s'"
updateXiuji =('秀吉','秀吉') # 秀吉的性别是秀吉
cursor.execute(updateSql% updateXiuji)
conn.commit()

事物处理

给某个记录的cash增加

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
table ="bigstu"
addCash ="update " + table + " set cash = cash + '%d' where name = '%s'"
lucky =(1000,"秀吉")
try:
  cursor.execute(addCash% lucky)
except Exception as e:
  conn.rollback()
  print("加钱失败了")
else:
  conn.commit()

直接执行SQL语句,十分方便

代码片段

给数据库添加列

从json中读取需要添加的列名,获取当前2个表中所有的列名

整理得出需要插入的列名,然后将列插入到相应的表中

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
import pymysql
import json
import os
import secureUtils
mapping_keys = json.load(open("key_mapping_db.json","r"))
db_keys =[] # json中所有的key
for k in mapping_keys.values():
  db_keys.append(k)
conn =pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root',
            passwd='*****', db='db_name', charset='utf8')
cursor =conn.cursor()
table_main = "table_main"
main_table_keys = [] # 主表的列名
cursor.execute("show columns from "+ table_main)
for row in cursor.fetchall():
  main_table_keys.append(row[0])
staff_table_keys = []
cursor.execute("show columns from table_second")
for row in cursor.fetchall():
  staff_table_keys.append(row[0])
need_to_insert_keys= []
for k in db_keys:
  ifk not in staff_table_keys andk not in main_table_keys andk not in need_to_insert_keys:
    need_to_insert_keys.append(k)
print("need to insert "+ str(len(need_to_insert_keys)))
print(need_to_insert_keys)
for kn in need_to_insert_keys:
  print("add key to db "+ kn)
  cursor.execute("alter table staff_table add "+ kn +" text")
conn.close()

将字段字符改变

这里将main_table_keys中的所有字段改为utf8

?
1
2
3
4
5
# change column character set to utf8
for co in main_table_keys:
  change_sql= "alter table "+ table_main +" modify " + co + " text character set utf8"
  print(change_sql)
  cursor.execute(change_sql)

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

原文链接:http://rustfisher.github.io/2017/05/25/Python_note/Python-mysql/?utm_source=tuicool&utm_medium=referral