基于EventAggregator的事件发布及订阅

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EventAggregator简介

EventAggregator是Prism中专门处理ViewModel与ViewModel之间事件传递的类对象,它提供了针对事件的发布方法和订阅方法,所以可以非常方便的来管理事件。下面的图就是其实现的一个比较简便的说明:

QQ截图20131105092632

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

下面就以一个比较简单的例子来说明其用法,这里我们就在WPF的一个页面上输入用户信息,然后通过点击按钮,让用户信息在同一个页面上输出。

EventAggregator单页传递数据

首先,新建一个WPF项目,然后安装好Prism,这里我们可以通过程序包管理器控制台安装,待到都安装好以后,我们就可以开始使用了。

其次,创建一个GetInputMessages的类,继承自CompositePresentationEvent<string>方法,由于我们传递的都是String类型的数据,所以这里我采用String类型。这个类不提供任何实现,只需要继承就好了:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Events;namespace EventAggregatorPratice{    /// <summary>    /// 自定义的事件,一定要继承自CompositePresentationEvent类,不做任何实现    /// </summary>    public class GetInputMessages:CompositePresentationEvent<string>    {    }}


然后,创建EventAggregatorRepository类,这个类主要存储eventAggregator对象并保证其唯一:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Events;namespace EventAggregatorPratice{    public class EventAggregatorRepository    {        public EventAggregatorRepository()        {            eventAggregator = new EventAggregator();        }        public IEventAggregator eventAggregator;        public static EventAggregatorRepository eventRepository = null;        //单例,保持内存唯一实例        public static EventAggregatorRepository GetInstance()        {            if (eventRepository == null)            {                eventRepository = new EventAggregatorRepository();            }            return eventRepository;        }    }}


最后则是创建EventAggregatorWindow.xaml窗体,然后编写窗体代码:

前台的XAML代码如下:

<Window x:Class="EventAggregatorPratice.MainWindow"        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"        Title="测试Event Aggregator的使用方法" Height="365" Width="471" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen" >    <Grid>        <Button Content="获取输入" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="0,291,53,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="button1_Click" />        <GroupBox Header="用户信息" Height="273" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="12,12,0,0" Name="groupBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="425">            <Grid>                <Label Content="用户昵称:" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="19,18,0,0" Name="label1" VerticalAlignment="Top" />                <Label Content="用户性别:" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="19,52,0,0" Name="label2" VerticalAlignment="Top" />                <Label Content="用户住址:" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="19,86,0,0" Name="label3" VerticalAlignment="Top" />                <Label Content="用户年龄:" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="205,18,0,0" Name="label4" VerticalAlignment="Top" />                <Label Content="用户电话:" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="205,52,0,0" Name="label5" VerticalAlignment="Top" />                <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="79,20,0,0" Name="txtNick" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="109" TabIndex="1" />                <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="269,54,0,0" Name="txtTel" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="109" TabIndex="4" />                <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="79,54,0,0" Name="txtSex" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="109" TabIndex="3" />                <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="269,20,0,0" Name="txtAge" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="109" TabIndex="2" />                <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="79,88,0,0" Name="txtAddress" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="299" />                <Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" Height="1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="6,117,0,0" Name="border1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="401" />                <Label Content="获取输入:" Height="28" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="19,124,0,0" Name="label6" VerticalAlignment="Top" />                <TextBlock Height="124" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="79,124,0,0" Name="txtResult" Text="" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="299" Background="#FFF2F2F2" />            </Grid>        </GroupBox>    </Grid></Window>

 后台的代码如下:

using System.Windows;using Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Events;using System.Text;using System;namespace EventAggregatorPratice{    /// <summary>    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑    /// </summary>    public partial class MainWindow : Window    {        public MainWindow()        {            InitializeComponent();            //订阅事件,一旦有事件引发,将会在这里接住            SetSubscribe();          }        public void SetPublish(string messageData)        {            EventAggregatorRepository                .GetInstance()                .eventAggregator                .GetEvent<GetInputMessages>()                .Publish(messageData);        }        public void SetSubscribe()        {            EventAggregatorRepository                .GetInstance()                .eventAggregator                .GetEvent<GetInputMessages>()                .Subscribe(ReceiveMessage,ThreadOption.UIThread,true);        }        public void ReceiveMessage(string messageData)        {            this.txtResult.Text = messageData;        }        private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            //抛出事件            StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder();            strBuilder.Append("用户昵称:").Append(txtNick.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户年龄:").Append(txtAge.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户性别:").Append(txtSex.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户电话:").Append(txtTel.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户住址:").Append(txtAddress.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            SetPublish(strBuilder.ToString());        }    }}

在这里,我来做一下解释:

首先,程序先通过SetSubscribe方法来订阅事件,一旦有事件抛出的时候,SetSubscribe便会利用其ReceiveMessage回调方法处理接收到的事件。

其次,当我们点击按钮的时候,一个SetPublish事件就被抛出了,并且会被SetSubscribe事件接住。效果如图:

QQ截图20131105094820

 

其实现流程就如我上图中画的一样,如果你还是不很明白,我们可以利用C#中常见的Delegate来说明。

创建一个DelegateWindow.xaml窗体,窗体的前台代码与上面的一致,后台代码如下:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows;using System.Windows.Controls;using System.Windows.Data;using System.Windows.Documents;using System.Windows.Input;using System.Windows.Media;using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace EventAggregatorPratice{    public delegate void ValueTransferDelegate(string value);    public partial class DelegateWindow : Window    {        public DelegateWindow()        {            InitializeComponent();            //事件注册,一旦检测到有事件抛出,这里就会接住            publishEvent += (string value) =>            {                txtResult.Text = value;            };        }        public event ValueTransferDelegate publishEvent;  //声明代理的事件        private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder();            strBuilder.Append("用户昵称:").Append(txtNick.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户年龄:").Append(txtAge.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户性别:").Append(txtSex.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户电话:").Append(txtTel.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户住址:").Append(txtAddress.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            if (publishEvent != null)                publishEvent(strBuilder.ToString());  //事件抛出        }    }}

 

在窗体Init的时候,我们注册了回调事件:

//事件注册,一旦检测到有事件抛出,这里就会接住 publishEvent += (string value) => {        txtResult.Text = value; };


这段代码就类似于上面的SetSubscribe()方法,都是为了注册回调事件,以便于处理接收到的信息。

然后在点击按钮的时候,我们将事件抛出:

 if (publishEvent != null)     publishEvent(strBuilder.ToString());  //事件抛出


这段代码就类似于上面的SetPublish(strBuilder.ToString())方法,用于抛出事件.

所以,看到这里,你是不是已经非常的清楚明了了呢?请看效果图:

QQ截图20131105095656

 

EventAggregator向子页面传递数据

 

上面说到的都是单一窗体传值的情况,如果要是传值给子窗体,该如何设计呢?其实,使用方法和上面的示例类似,只不过需要弹出子窗体而已。

首先,在子窗体FormPostUsingEventAggregatorChild.xaml中,我们由于要接收父窗体传入的值,所以这里应该利用SetSubscribe方法来处理回调事件:

using System.Windows;namespace EventAggregatorPratice{    public partial class FormPostUsingEventAggregatorChild : Window    {        public FormPostUsingEventAggregatorChild()        {            InitializeComponent();            SetSubscribe();        }        public void SetSubscribe()        {            EventAggregatorRepository                .GetInstance()                .eventAggregator                .GetEvent<GetInputMessages>()                .Subscribe((message) =>                {                    txtResult.Text = message;                });        }    }}


而在父窗体FormPostUsingEventAggregator.xaml中,由于要抛出事件,所以我们只需要利用SetPublish抛出事件即可。
using System;using System.Text;using System.Windows;namespace EventAggregatorPratice{    public partial class FormPostUsingEventAggregator : Window    {        public FormPostUsingEventAggregator()        {            InitializeComponent();        }        public void SetPublish(string message)        {            EventAggregatorRepository                .GetInstance()                .eventAggregator                .GetEvent<GetInputMessages>()                .Publish(message);        }        private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)        {            //先实例化子窗体            FormPostUsingEventAggregatorChild child = new FormPostUsingEventAggregatorChild();            child.Show();            //然后抛出事件            StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder();            strBuilder.Append("用户昵称:").Append(txtNick.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户年龄:").Append(txtAge.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户性别:").Append(txtSex.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户电话:").Append(txtTel.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            strBuilder.Append("用户住址:").Append(txtAddress.Text).Append(Environment.NewLine);            SetPublish(strBuilder.ToString());        }    }}


需要说明一下的是,子窗体一定要先显示,然后才能够抛出事件,否则会因为子窗体无法接收事件而导致父窗体抛出的事件丢失。运行效果如下:

父窗体输入:

QQ截图201311051003061

子窗体接收:

QQ截图201311051003112

具体的就说到这里了,后续有新的应用,会继续更新。

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 本片文章为转载,出处为:http://www.cnblogs.com/scy251147/p/3407983.html

 

 



 

 
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