使用iterator删除list,map中元素

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使用iterator删除list,map元素

  • 答案优先
  • 解析Iterator of List
  • 解析Iterator of Map

Answer

        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();        list.add("1");        list.add("2");        list.add("3");        Iterator<String> listIt = list.iterator();        while(listIt.hasNext())        {            listIt.next(); //.next() 需要被调(无论是否需要检查此值),否则报java.lang.IllegalStateException            listIt.remove();        }
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();        map.put("attr1", "1");        map.put("attr2", "2");        map.put("attr3", "3");        Iterator mi = map.keySet().iterator();        while(mi.hasNext()){            mi.next();//.next() 需要被调用,否则报java.lang.IllegalStateException            mi.remove();        }

解析Iterator of List

以ArrayList类为例,它包含了一个内部类:ArrayList$Itr.class ,其中包含三个int数值

int cursor; // 下个返回元素
int lastRet = -1; // 上个返回元素(remove问题出在此)
int expectedModCount = modCount; //容器大小
调用iterator的remove方法时,要提前调下.next()

public void remove() {    if (lastRet < 0)        throw new IllegalStateException(); //@1    checkForComodification();    try {        ArrayList.this.remove(lastRet);        cursor = lastRet;        lastRet = -1; //@2        expectedModCount = modCount;    } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();    }}

@1: 此处每次调用remove()时都会判断lastRet的值
@2: 成功remove后,重置-1,结果就导致下次remove前,如果lastRet值未被改变,异常依旧

然而lastRet值只能被.next()方法修改@3:

public E next() {    checkForComodification();    int i = cursor;    if (i >= size)        throw new NoSuchElementException();    Object[] elementData = ArrayList.this.elementData;    if (i >= elementData.length)        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();    cursor = i + 1;    return (E) elementData[lastRet = i]; //@3 lastRet修改在此,源码里就只在这可以被设置成>0的值}

解析Iterator of Map

HashMap

    Node<K,V> next;        // 下个返回Entry    Node<K,V> current;     // 当前Entry    int expectedModCount;  //     int index;             // 当前位置    HashIterator() {        expectedModCount = modCount; //初始化到当前map大小        Node<K,V>[] t = table;        current = next = null; //current初始值null        index = 0;        if (t != null && size > 0) { // advance to first entry        do {} while (index < t.length && (next = t[index++]) == null);        }    }
public final void remove() {    Node<K,V> p = current;    if (p == null) //然而这里会判断当前entry的值,与list类似,也只有在调用HashIterator.nextNode()时                   //才会更新current到新的node上,所以在remove()前调用Iterator.next()在Map也是必要的        throw new IllegalStateException();    if (modCount != expectedModCount)        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();    current = null;    K key = p.key;    removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, false);    expectedModCount = modCount;}

LinkedHashMap & LinkedList

这两个容器与基础的HashMap和ArrayList有所区别

private Node<E> lastReturned;

LinkedList中,可以改变lastReturned值得方法也只有内部类中的ListItr中的next(),因为双向链表维护的对象,因此多了previous()和forEachRemaining()方法。

在另一个map容器IdentityHashMap的内部类IdentityHashMapIterator里也存在:
int lastReturnedIndex = -1;

在IdentityHashMap的内部类EntryIterator中:

public void remove() {    lastReturnedIndex =    ((null == lastReturnedEntry) ? -1 : lastReturnedEntry.index); //@4    super.remove();    lastReturnedEntry.index = lastReturnedIndex;    lastReturnedEntry = null;}

@4:lastReturnedEntry在初始化时也是指向了‘当前’的那个entry,从而保证了iterator的游标是在向后移动的

总结

‘保证了iterator的游标是在向后移动的’这个结论是推测的,以上无论是ArrayList的lastRet,和linkedhashmap的lastReturnedIndex,包括hashmap和linkedlist中对于当前node

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