Spring+Ehcache配置使用

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一、ehcahe的介绍

EhCache 是一个纯Java的进程内缓存框架,具有快速、精干等特点,是Hibernate中默认的CacheProvider。

Ehcache是一种广泛使用的开 源Java分布式缓存。主要面向通用缓存,Java EE和轻量级容器。它具有内存和磁盘存储,缓存加载器,缓存扩展,缓存异常处理程序,一个gzip缓存servlet过滤器,支持REST和SOAP api等特点。

1. 快速 
2. 简单 
3. 多种缓存策略 
4. 缓存数据有两级:内存和磁盘,因此无需担心容量问题 
5. 缓存数据会在虚拟机重启的过程中写入磁盘 
6. 可以通过RMI、可插入API等方式进行分布式缓存 
7. 具有缓存和缓存管理器的侦听接口 
8. 支持多缓存管理器实例,以及一个实例的多个缓存区域 
9. 提供Hibernate的缓存实现

二、Spring4+ehcache2.X配置

程序使用maven管理,在pom文件中加入spring4和ehcache的包依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>org.hjc</groupId>  <artifactId>EhcacheTest</artifactId>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>     <distributionManagement><repository><id>nexus-releases</id><name>Nexus Releases Repository</name><url>http://192.168.3.10:8081/nexus/content/repositories/releases/</url></repository><snapshotRepository><id>nexus-snapshots</id><name>Nexus Snapshot Repository</name><url>http://192.168.3.10:8081/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url></snapshotRepository></distributionManagement><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><!-- frameworks --><org.springframework.version>4.3.5.RELEASE</org.springframework.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.12</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- ehcache --><dependency>    <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>    <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>    <version>2.10.4</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${org.springframework.version}</version></dependency></dependencies></project>

Spring配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop              http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd           http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache            http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsd"default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="false"><!-- 自动扫描注解的bean -->    <context:component-scan base-package="org.hjc" />    <cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager" />      <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager">          <property name="cacheManager" ref="ehcache"></property>      </bean>      <bean id="ehcache" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">          <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml"></property>      </bean>  </beans>

ehcache配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ehcache>    <!-- 指定一个文件目录,当EhCache把数据写到硬盘上时,将把数据写到这个文件目录下 -->    <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>        <!--     name:缓存名称maxElementsInMemory:内存中最大缓存对象数maxElementsOnDisk:硬盘中最大缓存对象数,若是0表示无穷大eternal:true表示对象永不过期,此时会忽略timeToIdleSeconds和timeToLiveSeconds属性,默认为falseoverflowToDisk:true表示当内存缓存的对象数目达到了maxElementsInMemory界限后,会把溢出的对象写到硬盘缓存中。注意:如果缓存的对象要写入到硬盘中的话,则该对象必须实现了Serializable接口才行。diskSpoolBufferSizeMB:磁盘缓存区大小,默认为30MB。每个Cache都应该有自己的一个缓存区。diskPersistent:是否缓存虚拟机重启期数据,是否持久化磁盘缓存,当这个属性的值为true时,系统在初始化时会在磁盘中查找文件名 为cache名称,后缀名为index的文件,这个文件中存放了已经持久化在磁盘中的cache的index,找到后会把cache加载到内存,要想把 cache真正持久化到磁盘,写程序时注意执行net.sf.ehcache.Cache.put(Element element)后要调用flush()方法。diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds:磁盘失效线程运行时间间隔,默认为120秒timeToIdleSeconds: 设定允许对象处于空闲状态的最长时间,以秒为单位。当对象自从最近一次被访问后,如果处于空闲状态的时间超过了timeToIdleSeconds属性 值,这个对象就会过期,EHCache将把它从缓存中清空。只有当eternal属性为false,该属性才有效。如果该属性值为0,则表示对象可以无限 期地处于空闲状态timeToLiveSeconds:设定对象允许存在于缓存中的最长时间,以秒为单位。当对象自从被存放到缓存中后,如果处于缓存中的时间超过了 timeToLiveSeconds属性值,这个对象就会过期,EHCache将把它从缓存中清除。只有当eternal属性为false,该属性才有 效。如果该属性值为0,则表示对象可以无限期地存在于缓存中。timeToLiveSeconds必须大于timeToIdleSeconds属性,才有 意义memoryStoreEvictionPolicy:当达到maxElementsInMemory限制时,Ehcache将会根据指定的策略去清理内存。可选策略有:LRU(最近最少使用,默认策略)、FIFO(先进先出)、LFU(最少访问次数)。     -->    <!-- 设定缓存的默认数据过期策略 -->    <defaultCache            maxElementsInMemory="10000"             eternal="false"             overflowToDisk="true"            timeToIdleSeconds="10"            timeToLiveSeconds="20"            diskPersistent="false"            diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"/>    <cache name="cacheTest"        maxElementsInMemory="1000"        eternal="false"        overflowToDisk="true"        timeToIdleSeconds="10"        timeToLiveSeconds="20"/></ehcache>

、程序接口定义

定义接口:IEhCacheTestService
package org.hjc.ehcache;public interface IEhCacheTestService {public String getTimestamp(String param);}
实现类:IEhCacheTestServiceImpl
package org.hjc.ehcache.impl;import org.hjc.ehcache.IEhCacheTestService;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class EhCacheTestServiceImpl implements IEhCacheTestService {@Cacheable(value="cacheTest",key="#param")public String getTimestamp(String param) {Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();        return timestamp.toString()+":"+param;}}

Junit测试类:
package org.hjc.test;import org.hjc.ehcache.IEhCacheTestService;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-context.xml"})@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  public class EhcacheTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests{@Autowiredprivate IEhCacheTestService testService;@Testpublic void testEhcache(){for(int i=0;i<10;i++){System.out.println(testService.getTimestamp(Thread.currentThread().getName()));try {Thread.sleep(2000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}}

运行Junit测试程序,缓存失效可以在ehcache配置文件中修改