Windows SDK 按钮

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按钮作为window的一种, 可以通过CreateWindow来进行创建
如下代码创建了一个最基本的push button, 按下后会触发WM_COMMAND消息

PushButton代码

此代码显示了一个按钮, 按下后显示一个消息框

#include <windows.h>#define WINDOW_WIDTH 800#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 600/* 全局变量定义区 */char* g_szApplicationName = "AppName";char* g_szWindowClassName = "windowClassName";/* 消息回调函数 */LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND   hwnd,    UINT   msg,    WPARAM wParam,    LPARAM lParam){    HDC hdc;    PAINTSTRUCT ps;    RECT rect;    switch (msg)    {    case WM_CREATE:        CreateWindow(TEXT("Button"), TEXT("PUSHBUTTON"),             WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON,             30, 30, 200, 50,            hwnd, (HMENU)1,             ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);        return 0;    case WM_COMMAND:    //按钮被按下后的响应        MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("button pressed"), TEXT("Info"), MB_OK);        return 0;    case WM_PAINT:        hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);        GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect);        DrawText(hdc, TEXT("This is a window program"), -1, &rect,            DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER);        EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);        break;    case WM_DESTROY:        //终了程序,发送WM_QUIT消息          PostQuitMessage(0);        break;    }    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,    LPSTR     szCmdLine,    int       iCmdShow){    HWND hWnd;  //窗口句柄    WNDCLASSEX winclass;    //窗口类对象                            //窗口类对象的初始化    winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);    winclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;    winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;    winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;    winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;    winclass.hInstance = hInstance;    winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);    winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);    winclass.hbrBackground = NULL;    winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;    winclass.lpszClassName = g_szWindowClassName;    winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);    //注册窗口类    if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))    {        MessageBox(NULL, "Registration Failed!", "Error", 0);        return 0;    }    //创建窗口      hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,                 // extended style        g_szWindowClassName,  // window class name        g_szApplicationName,  // window caption        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,  // window style        0,                    // initial x position        0,                    // initial y position        WINDOW_WIDTH,         // initial x size        WINDOW_HEIGHT,        // initial y size        NULL,                 // parent window handle        NULL,                 // window menu handle        hInstance,            // program instance handle        NULL);                // creation parameters                              //容错处理    if (!hWnd)    {        MessageBox(NULL, "CreateWindowEx Failed!", "Error!", 0);        return 0;    }    //显示窗口    ShowWindow(hWnd, iCmdShow);    UpdateWindow(hWnd);    MSG msg;    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))    {        TranslateMessage(&msg);        DispatchMessage(&msg);    }    return msg.wParam;}

其他类型按钮展示:

如下代码显示了常见按钮样式, 执行效果如下图
这里写图片描述

#include <windows.h>#define WINDOW_WIDTH 800#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 600struct{    int iStyle;    TCHAR *szText;} button[] = {  //按钮的样式    BS_PUSHBUTTON,      TEXT("PUSHBUTTON"),    BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON,   TEXT("BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON"),    BS_CHECKBOX,        TEXT("BS_CHECKBOX"),    BS_AUTOCHECKBOX,    TEXT("BS_AUTOCHECKBOX"),    BS_RADIOBUTTON,     TEXT("BS_RADIOBUTTON"),    BS_3STATE,          TEXT("BS_3STATE"),    BS_AUTO3STATE,      TEXT("BS_AUTO3STATE"),    BS_GROUPBOX,        TEXT("BS_GROUPBOX"),    BS_USERBUTTON,      TEXT("BS_USERBUTTON"),    BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON, TEXT("BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON"),    BS_PUSHBOX,         TEXT("BS_PUSHBOX"),    BS_OWNERDRAW,       TEXT("BS_OWNERDRAW"),};#define BUTTON_NUM (sizeof button / sizeof button[0])/* 全局变量定义区 */char* g_szApplicationName = "AppName";char* g_szWindowClassName = "windowClassName";/* 消息回调函数 */LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND   hwnd,    UINT   msg,    WPARAM wParam,    LPARAM lParam){    HDC hdc;    PAINTSTRUCT ps;    RECT rect;    static int cxChar, cyChar;    int i;    switch (msg)    {    case WM_CREATE:        cxChar = LOWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());        cyChar = HIWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());        for (i = 0; i < BUTTON_NUM; ++i)        {            CreateWindow(TEXT("Button"), button[i].szText,                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | button[i].iStyle,                cxChar, cyChar * (1 + 2 * i),                20 * cxChar, 2 * cyChar,                 hwnd, (HMENU)i,                ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);        }        return 0;    case WM_COMMAND:        MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("button pressed"), TEXT("Info"), MB_OK);        return 0;    case WM_PAINT:        hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);        GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect);        DrawText(hdc, TEXT("This is a window program"), -1, &rect,            DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER);        EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);        break;    case WM_DESTROY:        //终了程序,发送WM_QUIT消息          PostQuitMessage(0);        break;    }    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,    LPSTR     szCmdLine,    int       iCmdShow){    HWND hWnd;  //窗口句柄    WNDCLASSEX winclass;    //窗口类对象                            //窗口类对象的初始化    winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);    winclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;    winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;    winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;    winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;    winclass.hInstance = hInstance;    winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);    winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);    winclass.hbrBackground = NULL;    winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;    winclass.lpszClassName = g_szWindowClassName;    winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);    //注册窗口类    if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))    {        MessageBox(NULL, "Registration Failed!", "Error", 0);        return 0;    }    //创建窗口      hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,                 // extended style        g_szWindowClassName,  // window class name        g_szApplicationName,  // window caption        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,  // window style        0,                    // initial x position        0,                    // initial y position        WINDOW_WIDTH,         // initial x size        WINDOW_HEIGHT,        // initial y size        NULL,                 // parent window handle        NULL,                 // window menu handle        hInstance,            // program instance handle        NULL);                // creation parameters                              //容错处理    if (!hWnd)    {        MessageBox(NULL, "CreateWindowEx Failed!", "Error!", 0);        return 0;    }    //显示窗口    ShowWindow(hWnd, iCmdShow);    UpdateWindow(hWnd);    MSG msg;    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))    {        TranslateMessage(&msg);        DispatchMessage(&msg);    }    return msg.wParam;}

处理按钮按下

如下代码修改自fishc讲解的示例代码
代码运行效果如下:
这里写图片描述
在菜单中选择后, 点击提交按钮会弹出对话框, 显示选择的内容
点击[随便]按钮, 会随机选择一个, 并禁止在此选择

#include <windows.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <time.h>#define WINDOW_WIDTH 800#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 600#define FOOD_NUM 4#define GROUP_BUTTON_ID (FOOD_NUM + 1)#define PUSH_BUTTON_COMMIT_ID (FOOD_NUM + 2)#define PUSH_BUTTON_RANDOM_ID (FOOD_NUM + 3)/* 全局变量定义区 */TCHAR* g_szApplicationName = "吃什么???";TCHAR* g_szWindowClassName = "windowClassName";/* 消息回调函数 */LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND   hwnd,    UINT   msg,    WPARAM wParam,    LPARAM lParam){    RECT rect;    TCHAR* foods[FOOD_NUM] = { TEXT("恐龙肉"), TEXT("蓝鲸腿"), TEXT("章鱼舌"), TEXT("凤凰蛋") };    static HWND hwndButton[FOOD_NUM] = { 0 };    static int cxChar, cyChar;    static int choosed = -1;    switch (msg)    {    case WM_CREATE:        cxChar = LOWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());        cyChar = HIWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());        //修改窗口尺寸        GetWindowRect(hwnd, &rect);        MoveWindow(hwnd, rect.left, rect.top, 27 * cxChar, 13 * cyChar, TRUE);        for (int i = 0; i < FOOD_NUM; ++i)        {            hwndButton[i] = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), foods[i],                 BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,                 2 * cxChar, cyChar * (2 + 2 * i),                 10 * cxChar, 7 * cyChar / 4,                hwnd, (HMENU)i,                ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);        }        CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), "菜单：",            BS_GROUPBOX | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,            cxChar, cyChar / 2,            12 * cxChar, 10 * cyChar,            hwnd, (HMENU)GROUP_BUTTON_ID,            ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);        CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), "提交",            BS_PUSHBUTTON | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,            14 * cxChar, cyChar,            10 * cxChar, 7 * cyChar / 4,            hwnd, (HMENU)PUSH_BUTTON_COMMIT_ID,            ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);        CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), "随便",            BS_PUSHBUTTON | WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,            14 * cxChar, 3 * cyChar,            10 * cxChar, 7 * cyChar / 4,            hwnd, (HMENU)PUSH_BUTTON_RANDOM_ID,            ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance, NULL);        return 0;    case WM_COMMAND:    {        int id = LOWORD(wParam);        if (id < FOOD_NUM)        {            choosed = id;        }        switch (id)        {        case PUSH_BUTTON_COMMIT_ID: //选择按钮            if (choosed == -1)            {                MessageBox(hwnd, TEXT("尚未选择！！！"), TEXT("警告"), MB_OK);            }            else            {                MessageBox(hwnd, foods[choosed], TEXT("你选择的食物"), MB_OK);            }            break;        case PUSH_BUTTON_RANDOM_ID: //随便按钮            if (choosed != -1)            {   //取消上一个按钮的选中状态(给子窗口发送消息来实现)                SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hwnd, choosed), BM_SETCHECK, BST_UNCHECKED, 0);            }            srand((unsigned int) time(NULL));            choosed = rand() % FOOD_NUM;            //设置单选按钮为选中状态(给子窗口发送消息来实现)            SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hwnd, choosed), BM_SETCHECK ,BST_CHECKED, 0);            //之后把食物选项和随便按钮禁用            for (int i = 0; i < FOOD_NUM; ++i)            {                EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hwnd, i), FALSE);            }            EnableWindow(GetDlgItem(hwnd, PUSH_BUTTON_RANDOM_ID), FALSE);            break;        default:            return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);        }    }        return 0;    case WM_DESTROY:        //终了程序,发送WM_QUIT消息          PostQuitMessage(0);        break;    }    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam);}int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,    LPSTR     szCmdLine,    int       iCmdShow){    HWND hWnd;  //窗口句柄    WNDCLASSEX winclass;    //窗口类对象                            //窗口类对象的初始化    winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);    winclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;    winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;    winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;    winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;    winclass.hInstance = hInstance;    winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);    winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);    winclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_BTNFACE + 1);   //窗口背景颜色设置为按钮的颜色    winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;    winclass.lpszClassName = g_szWindowClassName;    winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);    //注册窗口类    if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))    {        MessageBox(NULL, "Registration Failed!", "Error", 0);        return 0;    }    //创建窗口      hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,                 // extended style        g_szWindowClassName,  // window class name        g_szApplicationName,  // window caption        WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU,  // window style        0,                    // initial x position        0,                    // initial y position        WINDOW_WIDTH,         // initial x size        WINDOW_HEIGHT,        // initial y size        NULL,                 // parent window handle        NULL,                 // window menu handle        hInstance,            // program instance handle        NULL);                // creation parameters                              //容错处理    if (!hWnd)    {        MessageBox(NULL, "CreateWindowEx Failed!", "Error!", 0);        return 0;    }    //显示窗口    ShowWindow(hWnd, iCmdShow);    UpdateWindow(hWnd);    MSG msg;    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))    {        TranslateMessage(&msg);        DispatchMessage(&msg);    }    return msg.wParam;}

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