Android

AndroidOS
Android版本历史

API等级1：Android 1.0
API等级2：Android 1.1 Petit Four
API等级3：Android 1.5 Cupcake
API等级4：Android 1.6 Donut
API等级5：Android 2.0 Éclair
API等级6：Android 2.0.1 Éclair
API等级7：Android 2.1 Éclair
API等级8：Android 2.2 - 2.2.3 Froyo
API等级9：Android 2.3 - 2.3.2 Gingerbread
API等级10：Android 2.3.3-2.3.7 Gingerbread
API等级11：Android 3.0 Honeycomb
API等级12：Android 3.1 Honeycomb
API等级13：Android 3.2 Honeycomb
API等级14：Android 4.0 - 4.0.2 Ice Cream Sandwich
API等级15：Android 4.0.3 - 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich
API等级16：Android 4.1 Jelly Bean
API等级17：Android 4.2 Jelly Bean
API等级18：Android 4.3 Jelly Bean
API等级19：Android 4.4 KitKat
API等级20：Android 4.4W
API等级21：Android 5.0 Lollipop
API等级22：Android 5.1 Lollipop
API等级23：Android 6.0 Marshmallow
API等级24：Android 7.0 Nougat

Android 5.0 Lollipop

• Support for 64-bit CPUs
• Recent activities screen with tasks instead of applications, up to a configured maximum of tasks per application
• Support for print previews.
• Material design style, bringing improvements to user interface.
• Project Volta improves battery life.
• Search Inside Settings
• Guest mode
• Audio input and output through USB devices

Android 4.4 KitKat

• Print Wherever, Whenever. Now you can print photos, documents, and web pages from your phone or tablet.
• Closed captioning Android now supports closed captioning and subtitles.
• Device management built-in, If you ever lose your device, you can find or wipe it with the Android Device Manager
• Infrared blasting on devices with an infrared (IR) blaster, Android now supports applications for remote control of TVs and other nearby devices.
• Optimizations for performance on devices with lower specifications, Low RAM device API.
• NFC Host Card Emulation for emulating smart cards.
• Refreshed interface with translucent status and nav bars on home screen & white status bar icons.
• Expanded functionality for Notification listener services.
• Public API for developing and managing text messaging clients, ability to specify a default SMS app.
• New framework for UI transitions.
• Storage access framework for retrieving content and documents from other sources.
• Sensor batching, Step Detector and Counter APIs.
• “Immersive” full screen mode, software buttons and status bar accessed with an edge swipe gesture.
• Audio tunneling, audio monitoring, loudness enhancer.
• Built-in screen recording.
• Native infrared blaster API

Android 4.3 Jelly Bean

• Virtual surround sound – enjoy movies from Google Play with surround sound on Nexus 7 (2013 edition) and other Nexus devices.
• Auto complete – just start touching numbers or letters and the dial pad will suggest phone numbers or names. To turn on this feature, open your phone app settings and enable “Dial pad auto complete.”
• OpenGL ES 3.0 – Android now supports the latest version of the industry standard for high performance graphics.
• Wireless Display for Nexus 7 (2013 edition) and Nexus 10 – project from your tablet to a TV.
• Additional language support – Android is now translated in Afrikaans, Amharic (አማርኛ), Hindi (हिंदी), Swahili (Kiswahili), and Zulu (IsiZulu).
• Hebrew, Arabic, and other RTL (right-to-left) – now supported in the home screen, settings, and Phone, People, and Keep apps.
• Easier text input – an improved algorithm for tap-typing recognition makes text input easier.
• Lower latency input for game pad buttons and joysticks.
• Location detection through WIFI – use WiFi to detect location without turning on WiFi all the time.
• Bluetooth Smart support (a.k.a. Bluetooth Low-Energy) – devices like Nexus 4 and Nexus 7 (2013 edition) are now Bluetooth Smart Ready.
• Bluetooth AVRCP 1.3 support – display song names on a car stereo.
• Disabled apps tab – check which apps are disabled in Settings > Apps.
• Restricted profiles – put your tablet into a mode with limited access to apps and content.
• Setup wizard simplification – getting started on Android is easier thanks to the ability to correct previous input, and because of streamlined user agreements.
• Faster user switching – switching users from the lock screen is now faster.
• Enhanced photo daydream – navigate through interesting albums.

Android 4.2 Jelly Bean

• Lock/home screen rotation support for the Nexus 7
• One-finger gestures to expand/collapse notifications
• Bug fixes and performance enhancements
• Photo Sphere panorama photos
• Keyboard with gesture typing
• Lock screen improvements, including widget support and the ability to swipe directly to camera
• Notification power controls
• “Daydream” screensaver, shows information when idle or docked
• Multiple user accounts (tablets only)
• Support for wireless display (Miracast)
• Accessibility improvements: triple-tap to magnify the entire screen, pan and zoom with two fingers. Speech output and Gesture Mode navigation for blind users.
• New clock app with built-in world clock, stop watch and timer

Photo Sphere全景拍照功能；
键盘手势输入功能；
改进锁屏功能，包括锁屏状态下支持桌面挂件和直接打开照相功能等；
可扩展通知，允许用户直接打开应用；
Gmail邮件可缩放显示；
Daydream屏幕保护程序；
用户连点三次可放大整个显示频，还可用两根手指进行旋转和缩放显示，以及专为盲人用户设计的语音输出和手势模式导航功能等；
支持Miracast无线显示共享功能；
Google Now现可允许用户使用Gamail作为新的数据来源，如改进后的航班追踪功能、酒店和餐厅预订功能以及音乐和电影推荐功能等。

Android 4.1 Jelly Bean

• Smoother playback of video and animations by:
• Vsync timing across all drawing and animation done by the Android framework, including application rendering, touch events, screen composition and display refresh
• Triple buffering in the graphics pipeline
• Enhanced accessibility
• Bi-directional text and other language support
• User-installable keyboard maps
• Expandable notifications
• Ability to turn off notifications on an app specific basis
• Shortcuts and widgets can automatically be re-arranged or re-sized to allow new items to fit on home screens
• Bluetooth data transfer for Android Beam
• Offline voice dictation
• New interface layout for tablets with smaller screens (closer resembling that of a phone)
• Improved voice search
• Improved camera app
• Google Wallet (for the Nexus 7)
• High resolution Google+ contact photos[citation needed]
• Google Now
• Multichannel audio
• USB audio (for external sound DACs)
• Audio chaining (also known as gapless playback)

Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich

• Virtual buttons in the UI, in place of capacitive or physical buttons
• Separation of widgets in a new tab, listed in a similar manner to apps
• Easier-to-create folders, with a drag-and-drop style
• A customizable launcher
• Improved visual voicemail with the ability to speed up or slow down voicemail messages
• Pinch-to-zoom functionality in the calendar
• Integrated screenshot capture (accomplished by holding down the Power and Volume-Down buttons)
• Improved error correction on the keyboard
• Ability to access apps directly from lock screen
• Improved copy and paste functionality
• Better voice integration and continuous, real-time speech to text dictation
• Face Unlock, a feature that allows users to unlock handsets using facial recognition software
• New tabbed web browser, allowing up to 16 tabs
• Automatic syncing of browser with users’ Chrome bookmarks
• A new typeface family for the UI, Roboto
• Data Usage section in settings that lets users set warnings when they approach a certain usage limit, and disable data use when the limit is exceeded
• Ability to shut down apps that are using data in the background
• Improved camera app with zero shutter lag, time lapse settings, panorama mode, and the ability to zoom while recording
• Built-in photo editor
• New gallery layout, organized by location and person
• Refreshed “People” app with social network integration, status updates and hi-res images
• Android Beam, a near-field communication feature allowing the rapid short-range exchange of web bookmarks, contact info, directions, YouTube videos and other data
• Support for the WebP image format
• Hardware acceleration of the UI
• Wi-Fi Direct
• 1080p video recording for stock Android devices

统一了手机和平板电脑使用的系统，应用会自动根据设备选择最佳显示方式。
提升硬件的性能以及系统的优化，提升系统流畅度。
支持在系统中使用虚拟按键，该功能可以取代物理按键。
界面以新的标签页形式展示，并且将应用程序和其他内容的图标分类。
更方便地在主界面创建文件夹，并且使用“一拖”、“一放”的操作方式。
一个定制的启动器
改进的可视化语音邮件的能力，加快或减慢语音邮件。
在日历中也可以使用多点触控，进行缩放和拖拽操作。
Gmail离线搜索，两行预览，和新的任务栏。
与其他第三方微博、博客类应用程序的无缝连接，实时更新的内容会被展示在主界面上。
Gmail支持缩放操作，支持左拉、右拉进行查看。
增加截图功能（可以同时按住电源键和音量向下键进行截图操作）。
改进虚拟键盘可以产生的误操作
在锁屏状态下也可以对用户设置的某些应用程序进行操作
改进的复制、粘贴功能
更好的语音集成，实时录音，文本听写等语音功能。
脸部识别进行锁屏，可以通过脸部识别进行锁屏。
新标签页模式的网页浏览器，支持最大同时打开16个标签页。
自动同步用户手机中的网页书签，可以在桌面版Chrome和其他Android设备中进行同步。
全新的现代化Roboto字体
内置流量监控功能，用户可以对流量进行设置，超出设置流量时，手机会自动关闭上网功能，并且可以随时查看已使用和未使用的流量，并且以报表的形式展现出来以帮助用户了解使用情况。
能够随时关闭正在使用的应用程序
提升自带的相机功能
内置图片处理软件
新的图库软件
与其他第三方应用程序进行无缝衔接，用户可以在任何界面看到自己需要的消息和图像。
新的启动画面，主画面右下角类似Tray的图标，内有多个程序可运行。
Google Search Bar会设置在最上方
Apps/Widgets会类似Honeycomb模样
增加支持硬件加速的功能
Wi-Fi直连功能
支持1080p视频播放和录制

Android 3.X Honeycomb

• Optimized tablet support with a new virtual and “holographic” user interface
• Added System Bar, featuring quick access to notifications, status, and soft navigation buttons, available at the bottom of the screen
• Added Action Bar, giving access to contextual options, navigation, widgets, or other types of content at the top of the screen
• Simplified multitasking – tapping Recent Apps in the System Bar allows users to see snapshots of the tasks underway and quickly jump from one app to another
• Redesigned keyboard, making typing fast, efficient and accurate on larger screen sizes
• Simplified, more intuitive copy/paste interface
• Multiple browser tabs replacing browser windows, plus form auto-fill and a new “incognito” mode allowing anonymous browsing
• Quick access to camera exposure, focus, flash, zoom, front-facing camera, time-lapse, and other camera features
• Ability to view albums and other collections in full-screen mode in Gallery, with easy access to thumbnails for other photos
• New two-pane Contacts UI and Fast Scroll to let users easily organize and locate contacts
• New two-pane Email UI to make viewing and organizing messages more efficient, allowing users to select one or more messages
• Support for video chat using Google Talk
• Hardware acceleration
• Support for multi-core processors
• Ability to encrypt all user data

优化针对平板 ；全新设计的UI增强网页浏览功能 ；in-app purchases功能。
经过优化的Gmail电子邮箱 ；全面支持Google Maps ；将Android手机系统跟平板系统再次合并从而方便开发者；任务管理器可滚动，支持USB输入设备（键盘、鼠标等） ；支持Google TV.可以支持XBOX 360无线手柄；widget支持的变化，能更加容易的定制屏幕widget插件。
支持7英寸设备；引入了应用显示缩放功能。

Android 2.3 Gingerbread

• Updated user interface design with increased simplicity and speed
• Support for extra-large screen sizes and resolutions (WXGA and higher)
• Native support for SIP VoIP internet telephony
• Faster, more intuitive text input in virtual keyboard, with improved accuracy, better suggested text and voice input mode
• Enhanced copy/paste functionality, allowing users to select a word by press-hold, copy, and paste
• Support for Near Field Communication (NFC), allowing the user to read an NFC tag embedded in a poster, sticker, or advertisement
• New audio effects such as reverb, equalization, headphone virtualization, and bass boost
• New Download Manager, giving users easy access to any file downloaded from the browser, email, or another application
• Support for multiple cameras on the device, including a front-facing camera, if available
• Support for WebM/VP8 video playback, and AAC audio encoding
• Improved power management with a more active role in managing apps that are keeping the device awake for too long
• Enhanced support for native code development
• Switched from YAFFS to ext4 on newer devices
• Audio, graphical, and input enhancements for game developers
• Concurrent garbage collection for increased performance
• Native support for more sensors (such as gyroscopes and barometers)

增加了新的垃圾回收和优化处理事件；原生代码可直接存取输入和感应器事件、EGL/OpenGLES、OpenSL ES；新的管理窗口和生命周期的框架；支持VP8和WebM视频格式，提供AAC和AMR宽频编码，提供了新的音频效果器；支持前置摄像头、SIP/VOIP和NFC（近场通讯）；简化界面、速度提升；更快更直观的文字输入；一键文字选择和复制/粘帖；改进的电源管理系统；新的应用管理方式。