十五天精通WCF——第一天 三种Binding让你KO80%的业务

原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/huangxincheng/p/4558747.html

转眼wcf技术已经出现很多年了，也在.net界混的风生水起，同时.net也是一个高度封装的框架，作为在wcf食物链最顶端的我们所能做的任务已经简单的不能再简单了，

再简单的话马路上的大妈也能写wcf了，好了，wcf最基本的概念我们放在后面慢慢分析，下面我们来看看神奇的3个binding如何KO我们实际场景中的80%的业务场景。

 

一：basicHttpBinding

　　作为入门第一篇，也就不深入谈谈basic中的信道栈中那些啥东西了，你只需要知道有ABC三个要素，注意不是姨妈巾哦，如果需要详细了解，可以观赏我以前的系列。在

这里我就不多说了，太简单的东西没意思，先看个例子简单感受了，你只需知道的是basic走的是http协议就好了，传输消息为soap。

1. 契约

 1 using System.Runtime.Serialization; 2 using System.ServiceModel; 3  4 namespace MyService 5 { 6     [ServiceContract] 7     public interface IHomeService 8     { 9         [OperationContract]10         int GetLength(string name);11     }12 }

2. 实现类

 1 using System; 2 using System.Messaging; 3 using System.Threading; 4  5 namespace MyService 6 { 7     public class HomeService : IHomeService 8     { 9         public int GetLength(string name)10         {11             return name.Length;12         }13     }14 }

3. 服务启动

 1 using System; 2 using System.ServiceModel; 3  4 namespace MyService 5 { 6     class Program 7     { 8         static void Main(string[] args) 9         {10             using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(HomeService)))11             {12                 try13                 {14                     host.Open();15 16                     Console.WriteLine("服务开启！");17 18                     Console.Read();19                 }20                 catch (Exception e)21                 {22                     Console.WriteLine(e.Message);23                 }24             }25         }26     }27 }

4. 配置config文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration>  <system.serviceModel>    <bindings>      <netTcpBinding>        <binding name="IHomeServiceBinding" />      </netTcpBinding>    </bindings>    <behaviors>      <serviceBehaviors>        <behavior name="">          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />        </behavior>      </serviceBehaviors>    </behaviors>    <services>      <service name="MyService.HomeService">        <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:1920/HomeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="MyService.IHomeService">          <identity>            <dns value="localhost" />          </identity>        </endpoint>        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />        <host>          <baseAddresses>            <add baseAddress="http://127.0.0.1:1920"/>          </baseAddresses>        </host>      </service>    </services>  </system.serviceModel></configuration>

5. 然后通过 servicehost 启动服务端

using System;using System.ServiceModel;namespace MyService{    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(HomeService)))            {                try                {                    host.Open();                    Console.WriteLine("服务开启！");                    Console.Read();                }                catch (Exception e)                {                    Console.WriteLine(e.Message);                }            }        }    }}

 

好了，到现在为止，服务端全部开启完毕，接下来我们通过“添加服务引用”，来添加对客户端的引用

 1 using System; 2  3 namespace ConsoleApplication1 4 { 5     class Program 6     { 7         static void Main(string[] args) 8         { 9             HomeServiceReference.HomeServiceClient client = new HomeServiceReference.HomeServiceClient();10 11             var s = client.GetLength("12345");12 13             Console.WriteLine("长度为:{0}", s);14 15             Console.Read();16         }17     }18 }

 

麻蛋，就这么简单，是的，就这样简单的五步，基于http的通信就这样被不小心的完成了，真不好意思。

 

二：netTcpBinding

　　有了basic的代码，现在我们要改成tcp通信，这会通信走的是字节流，很简单，改一下服务端的config文件就好了，大家也知道这种性能要比basic好。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration>  <system.serviceModel>    <behaviors>      <serviceBehaviors>        <behavior name="mxbehavior">          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />        </behavior>      </serviceBehaviors>    </behaviors>    <services>      <service name="MyService.HomeService" behaviorConfiguration="mxbehavior">        <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:19200/HomeService" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="MyService.IHomeService">          <identity>            <dns value="localhost" />          </identity>        </endpoint>        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>        <host>          <baseAddresses>            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1920/HomeService"/>          </baseAddresses>        </host>      </service>    </services>  </system.serviceModel></configuration>

 

三：netMsmqBinding

　　msmq这个玩意，我想大家都清楚，一个物理上的文件，好处呢，你也明白，就是client和service的所有通信都要经过它的手，这样任何一方出了问题，只要

它在就没问题了。同样我们把tcp改成msmq也是非常简单的，不过要注意，msmqbinding中是不可以让契约方法有返回值的。所以我们加上isoneway就好了。

using System.Runtime.Serialization;using System.ServiceModel;namespace MyService{    [ServiceContract]    public interface IHomeService    {        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]        void GetLength(string name);    }}

然后我在mmc上新建一个消息队列，如下：

然后我们再改动以下配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration>  <system.serviceModel>    <behaviors>      <serviceBehaviors>        <behavior name="mxbehavior">          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />        </behavior>      </serviceBehaviors>    </behaviors>    <bindings>      <netMsmqBinding>        <binding name="msmqbinding">          <security mode="None"/>        </binding>      </netMsmqBinding>    </bindings>    <services>      <service name="MyService.HomeService" behaviorConfiguration="mxbehavior">        <endpoint address="net.msmq://localhost/private/homequeue" binding="netMsmqBinding"                  contract="MyService.IHomeService" bindingConfiguration="msmqbinding">          <identity>            <dns value="localhost" />          </identity>        </endpoint>        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />        <host>          <baseAddresses>            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:19200/HomeService"/>          </baseAddresses>        </host>      </service>    </services>  </system.serviceModel></configuration>

 

纵观上面的三种binding，配置起来何其简单，底层的各种通讯协议貌似对我来说都是透明的，其实呢？？？wcf在底层做了何其多的事情，而我却没有挖掘。。。

这对码农里说也是一种悲哀啊。。。出了问题就只能祷告上天。。。下一篇我会开始深入剖析。