go语言学习之-------go httpserver进阶之路（1）

package mainimport (    "io"    "net/http"    //"strings"    "time")var (    server = &http.Server{        Addr:           ":9090",        Handler:        &ppserver{},        ReadTimeout:    10 * time.Second,        WriteTimeout:   10 * time.Second,        MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,    }    handlersMap = make(map[string]HandlersFunc))type ppserver struct {}func (*ppserver) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    if h, ok := handlersMap[r.URL.String()]; ok {        h(w, r)    }    //io.WriteString(w, "URL"+r.URL.String())}func f1(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "111111111111")}func f2(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "2222222222222")}type HandlersFunc func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)func Hello(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {    w.Write([]byte("Hello"))}func main() {    handlersMap["/hello"] = Hello    handlersMap["/f1"] = f1    handlersMap["/f2"] = f2    server.ListenAndServe()}

web1.gopackage mainimport (    "io"    "net/http")func hello(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(rw, "hello widuu")}func main() {    http.HandleFunc("/", hello)  //设定访问的路径    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil) //设定端口和handler}这个我们就输出了hello word,然后我们从源码来解析这个东西，我们看到最后的main函数执行的是HandleFunc这个函数我们从源代码中找到这段的源代码来看如下func HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(ResponseWriter, *Request)) {    DefaultServeMux.HandleFunc(pattern, handler)}pattern是解析的路径的字符串，然后执行一个handler的函数方法，如上例子我们传入的hello,他会执行DefaultServeMux,我们在查看源代码的时候会看到var DefaultServeMux = NewServeMux()我们再查看NewServeMux这个源代码func NewServeMux() *ServeMux {        return &ServeMux{m: make(map[string]muxEntry)} }//而里边的返回一个新的ServeMuxtype ServeMux struct {    // contains filtered or unexported fields}所以我们就可以这样字//申明一个ServeMux结构type MyHandler struct{}mux := http.NewServeMux()//我们可以通过一下 http提供的func Handle(pattern string, handler Handler)  //第一个是我们的路径字符串 第二个是这样的 是个接口type Handler interface {    ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request)}//实现这个接口我们就要继承ServeHTTP这个方法 所以代码func (*MyHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "URL"+r.URL.String())}//我们查看源代码func (mux *ServeMux) Handle(pattern string, handler Handler) //这个新的ServeMux低下的Handle来设置 这里的Handler也是Handler interface所以我们将这个mux.Handle("/", &MyHandler{})mux.HandleFunc("/hello", sayHello)// 我们一样可以通过handleFunc设置//源代码func ListenAndServe(addr string, handler Handler) error http.ListenAndServe(":8080",mux) //所以我们把mux传进去web2.go//完整代码package mainimport (    "io"    "net/http")type MyHandle struct{}func main() {    mux := http.NewServeMux()    mux.Handle("/", &MyHandle{})    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)}func (*MyHandle) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "URL"+r.URL.String())}然后我们继续深入点func ListenAndServe(addr string, handler Handler) error {    server := &Server{Addr: addr, Handler: handler}    return server.ListenAndServe()}//返回的serve我们查看它的结构type Server struct {    Addr           string        // TCP address to listen on, ":http" if empty    Handler        Handler       // handler to invoke, http.DefaultServeMux if nil    ReadTimeout    time.Duration // maximum duration before timing out read of the request    WriteTimeout   time.Duration // maximum duration before timing out write of the response    MaxHeaderBytes int           // maximum size of request headers, DefaultMaxHeaderBytes if 0    TLSConfig      *tls.Config   // optional TLS config, used by ListenAndServeTLS    // TLSNextProto optionally specifies a function to take over    // ownership of the provided TLS connection when an NPN    // protocol upgrade has occurred.  The map key is the protocol    // name negotiated. The Handler argument should be used to    // handle HTTP requests and will initialize the Request's TLS    // and RemoteAddr if not already set.  The connection is    // automatically closed when the function returns.    TLSNextProto map[string]func(*Server, *tls.Conn, Handler)}//我们自己设置type MyHandle struct{}server := http.Server{        Addr:        ":8080",        Handler:     &MyHandle{},        ReadTimeout: 6 * time.Second,    }//我们查看过了 我们要实现路由分发映射就待这样 我们看到了下边的f 是一个HandlerFunc类型func (f HandlerFunc) ServeHTTP(w ResponseWriter, r *Request) {    f(w, r)}//所以我们申明一下var mux map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)mux = make(map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request))mux["/hello"] = hellomux["/bye"] = byeerr := server.ListenAndServe()if err != nil {    log.Fatal(err)}//这样我们就可以做到了路径的映射 func (*MyHandle) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    if h, ok := mux[r.URL.String()]; ok {        h(w, r)    }    io.WriteString(w, "URL"+r.URL.String())}func hello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "hello 模块")}func bye(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "bye 模块")}//可能有人不懂mux["/hello"] = hello 然后低下的h(w,r) 我简单的解释一下 看个例子 go里边都可以是类型type test func(int) bool //定一个test的func(int) bool 类型func isAdd(i int) bool {    if i%2 == 0 {        return false    }    return true}func filter(s []int, f test) []int {    var result []int    for _, v := range s {        if f(v) {            result = append(result, v)        }    }    return result}func main() {    slice := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}    b := filter(slice, isAdd)    fmt.Println(b)}//是不是懂点了 其实就类似于f:=func(x int){  fmt.Println("hello")}f();web3.gopackage mainimport (    "io"    "log"    "net/http"    "time")var mux map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)func main() {    server := http.Server{        Addr:        ":8080",        Handler:     &MyHandle{},        ReadTimeout: 6 * time.Second,    }    mux = make(map[string]func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request))    mux["/hello"] = hello    mux["/bye"] = bye    err := server.ListenAndServe()    if err != nil {        log.Fatal(err)    }}type MyHandle struct{}func (*MyHandle) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    if h, ok := mux[r.URL.String()]; ok {        h(w, r)    }    io.WriteString(w, "URL"+r.URL.String())}func hello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "hello 模块")}func bye(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {    io.WriteString(w, "bye 模块")}