Materail Design 入门(十)—— RecyclerView的使用(一)

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墨迹了这么久终于写到了Material Design系列的最后一篇了。这篇RecyclerView的使用仅作是知识的回顾吧。本章节我们一起来复习下Recyclerview布局的设置(竖向列表,横向列表,竖向网格列表,横向网格列表,瀑布流),添加分割线,添加ItemClick事件,下拉刷新,上拉加载等功能。

RecyclerView 是Android L版本中新添加的一个用来取代ListView的SDK,它的灵活性与可替代性比listview更好。

1、xml布局

  <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView            android:id="@+id/recyclerView"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:background="@color/light_grey" />

2、Adapter的创建

Adapter:使用RecyclerView之前,你需要一个继承自RecyclerView.Adapter的适配器,作用是将数据与每一个item的界面进行绑定。

public class NewsAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<NewsAdapter.ViewHolder> {    private Context context;    private final int mBackground;    private List<Story> mDataset;    private final TypedValue mTypedValue = new TypedValue();    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{        public TextView newsTitleTV;        public ImageView newsIV;        public ViewHolder(View v) {            super(v);            newsTitleTV = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.news_title);            newsIV = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.news_image);        }    }    public NewsAdapter(Context context, List<Story> myDataset) {        this.mDataset = myDataset;        context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(R.attr.selectableItemBackground, mTypedValue, true);        mBackground = mTypedValue.resourceId;    }    @Override    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,int viewType) {        View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())                .inflate(R.layout.item_view, parent, false);//        v.setBackgroundResource(mBackground);        ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(v);        return vh;    }    @Override    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {        Story story = mDataset.get(position);            holder.newsTitleTV.setText(mDataset.get(position).getTitle());        Glide.clear(holder.newsIV);        Glide.with(holder.newsIV.getContext())                .load(story.getImages().get(0))                .fitCenter()                .into(holder.newsIV);    }    @Override    public int getItemCount() {        return mDataset.size();    }    public Story getItem(int position){        return mDataset.get(position);    }    public void updateData(List<Story> stories) {        mDataset.clear();        mDataset.addAll(stories);        notifyDataSetChanged();    }    public void addData(List<Story> stories){        mDataset.addAll(stories);        notifyDataSetChanged();    }}

这里记住两点:
Recyclerview的Adapter继承RecyclerView.Adapter;
ViewHolder继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder;

3、设置布局管理器,分割线,加载动画

mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView)findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);//mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(newDividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST).setmDivider(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.md_transparent)));mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerOffsetDecoration());mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());// 设置固定大小mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);NewsAdapter mAdapter = new NewsAdapter(this, myDataset);mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);

setLayoutManager:设置RecyclerView的布局,这里RecyclerView是一个竖向滚动列表,其他布局后面会介绍;

addItemDecoration:设置RecyclerView的布局的分隔线,RecyclerView不向ListView和GridView 可以在xml布局中设置行高,分割线,间距,只能在Java文件中设置;

  • addItemDecoration(RecyclerView.ItemDecoration decor),这个方法接受一个ItemDecoration对象,网上有许多写好的列子,可以直接拿来用,也可以自定义一个ItemDecoration,只需继承RecyclerView.ItemDecoration,然后重写onDraw()方法;
  • addItemDecoration (RecyclerView.ItemDecoration decor, int index),这个方法可以给某个特定的item设置分割线;

setItemAnimator:设置RecyclerView添加和移除条目的动画,系统默认给我们提供一个类DefaultItemAnimator,我们也可以重写RecyclerView.ItemAnimator实现自己想要的动画效果;

setHasFixedSize:设置RecyclerView 的Item宽或者高不会变,每一个Item添加或者删除都不会变。如果你没有设置setHasFixedSized没有设置的代价将会是非常昂贵的。因为RecyclerView会需要而外计算每个item的size。

4、添加Item的onClick监听事件

RecyclerView 中没有OnItemClickListener方法,但是提供了一个OnItemTouchListener事件,所以我们通过监听这个方法来实现对每个Item的点击事件监听;

mRecyclerView.addOnItemTouchListener(new RecyclerItemClickListener(this, new RecyclerItemClickListener.OnItemClickListener() {            @Override            public void onItemClick(View view, int position) {            }}));

除此之外,我们还可以在Adapter实现onItemClick的监听:

holder.mOrderItem.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View view) {            }});

或者自己写一个接口:

private OnItemClickListener mInterface;public void setOnItemClickListener(OnItemClickListener mInterface) {        this.mInterface = mInterface;}public interface OnItemClickListener{        void onItemClick(int position);}

5、实现下拉加载更多,上拉刷新

这里推荐一个比较简单的框架XRecyclerView,添加依赖库

compile 'com.jcodecraeer:xrecyclerview:1.3.2'

这里我们对XRecyclerView 进行了一层封装,当时想的是如果项目重要替换XRecyclerView的话,可以直接更改VpRecyclerView 类,简单快速;其次,在VpRecyclerView 中我们设置了下拉刷新和上拉加载的动画样式,你可以自己更改,XRecyclerView提供的效果还挺多的,可以自行设置;同时,我们也统一设置了RecyclerView的刷新状态,在下拉刷新时判断是否是随后一页。

public class VpRecyclerView extends XRecyclerView {    public static final int NONE = 0;    //状态刷新    public static final int REFRESH = 1;    //状态加载更多    public static final int LOADMORE = 2;    private int curState = NONE;    public VpRecyclerView(Context context) {        super(context);        setRefreshLoadingMoreStyle();        setOverScrollMode(View.OVER_SCROLL_NEVER);    }    public VpRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {        super(context, attrs);        setRefreshLoadingMoreStyle();        setOverScrollMode(View.OVER_SCROLL_NEVER);    }    public VpRecyclerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {        super(context, attrs, defStyle);        setRefreshLoadingMoreStyle();        setOverScrollMode(View.OVER_SCROLL_NEVER);    }    /**     * 统一设置下拉刷新及上拉加载更多样式     */    private void setRefreshLoadingMoreStyle() {        setRefreshProgressStyle(ProgressStyle.BallScale);        setLoadingMoreProgressStyle(ProgressStyle.BallScale);    }    /**     * 设置没有更多可以加载时不显示上拉加载     */    public void setLoadingMoreEnabled(boolean b) {        super.setLoadingMoreEnabled(b);    }    /**     * 刷新完成     */    public void refreshComplete() {       super.refreshComplete();    }    /**     * 加载更多完成     */    public void loadMoreComplete() {        super.loadMoreComplete();    }    /**     * 设置下拉刷新及上拉加载监听     * @param listener     */    public void setLoadingListener(final LoadingListener listener){        super.setLoadingListener(new XRecyclerView.LoadingListener() {            @Override            public void onRefresh() {                curState = REFRESH;                listener.onRefresh();            }            @Override            public void onLoadMore() {                curState = LOADMORE;                listener.onLoadMore();            }        });    }    /**     * 设置当前页及总页数,在刷新完成及加载完成调用     */    public boolean setCurrentAndTotal(int cur, int total) {        if (cur >= 0 && total >= 0){            if (cur == total) {                setLoadingMoreEnabled(false);                return true;            }else if(cur < total){                setLoadingMoreEnabled(true);            }        }        return false;    }    /**     * loading接口     */    public interface LoadingListener {        void onRefresh();        void onLoadMore();    }    /**     *     * @param type 刷新完成类型     */    public void setComplete(int type){        switch (type){            case REFRESH:                super.refreshComplete();                break;            case LOADMORE:                super.loadMoreComplete();                break;            default:                super.refreshComplete();                break;        }        curState = NONE;    }    public void setComplete(){        setComplete(curState);    }}

如何在xml中使用呢,so easy。。。。和RecyclerView一样直接使用。

  <com.ysten.videoplus.client.widget.VpRecyclerView        android:id="@+id/activity_search_resultlist"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent""/>

6、RecyclerView的多种布局

LayoutManager:用来确定每一个item如何进行排列摆放,何时展示和隐藏。回收或重用一个View的时候,LayoutManager会向适配器请求新的数据来替换旧的数据,这种机制避免了创建过多的View和频繁的调用findViewById方法(与ListView原理类似)。
目前SDK中提供了三种自带的LayoutManager:LinearLayoutManager、GridLayoutManager、StaggeredGridLayoutManager

前面我们已经提到RecyclerView有竖向列表,横向列表,竖向网格列表,横向网格列表,瀑布流等多种布局,现在就来看下各种布局的展现效果和实现方法吧。

//竖向滚动列表LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity());mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//横向滚动列表LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity());layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//竖向滚动网格列表(2列)GridLayoutManager layoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(getActivity(), 2);mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//横向滚动网格列表GridLayoutManager layoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(getActivity(), 2);layoutManager.setOrientation(GridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//竖向滚动瀑布流列表StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(2,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
//横向滚动瀑布流列表StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(2,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);

7、RecyclerView添加和删除数据

以前在ListView当中,我们只要修改数据后用Adapter的notifyDatasetChange一下就可以更新界面。然而在RecyclerView中还有一些更高级的用法:

  • 添加数据:
public void addItem(DataModel content, int position) {    datas.add(position, content);    notifyItemInserted(position); //Attention!}
  • 删除数据:
public void removeItem(DataModel model) {    int position = datas.indexOf(model);    datas.remove(position);    notifyItemRemoved(position);//Attention!}

8、RecyclerView加载多种不同布局

主要思路就是先定义好标识itemType的常量,然后重写getItemViewType()方法,根据不同的位置(position)返回不同的Type,接着在onCreateViewHolder()中根据参数viewType去判断该item项应该 inflate 哪个布局文件,并返回相应的ViewHolder实例(这里ViewHolder是根据不同的item布局预先自定义好的不同的ViewHolder)

public class MyRecyclerCardviewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>{      public static enum ITEM_TYPE {          ITEM_TYPE_Theme,          ITEM_TYPE_Video      }      //数据集      public List<Integer> mdatas;      private TextView themeTitle;      public MyRecyclerCardviewAdapter(List<Integer> datas){          super();          this.mdatas = datas;      }      @Override      public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {          if (viewType == ITEM_TYPE.ITEM_TYPE_Theme.ordinal()){              View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.videothemelist,parent,false);              return new ThemeVideoHolder(view);          }else if(viewType == ITEM_TYPE.ITEM_TYPE_Video.ordinal()){              View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.videocardview,parent,false);              return new VideoViewHolder(view);          }            return null;      }      @Override      public void onBindViewHolder(final ViewHolder holder, final int position) {          if (holder instanceof ThemeVideoHolder){             themeTitle.setText("励志");          }else if (holder instanceof VideoViewHolder){              ((VideoViewHolder)holder).videologo.setImageResource(R.drawable.lianzai_02);              ((VideoViewHolder)holder).videovname.setText("励志,俄小伙练习街头健身一年的体型变化,Dear Hard Work!");              ((VideoViewHolder)holder).videoviewed.setText("2780次");              ((VideoViewHolder)holder).videocomment.setText("209条");            }      }      public int getItemViewType(int position){          return position % 5 == 0 ? ITEM_TYPE.ITEM_TYPE_Theme.ordinal() : ITEM_TYPE.ITEM_TYPE_Video.ordinal();      }      @Override      public int getItemCount() {          return mdatas.size();      }      public class ThemeVideoHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{          public ThemeVideoHolder(View itemView) {              super(itemView);              themeTitle = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.hometab1_theme_title);          }      }      public class VideoViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {          public ImageView videologo;          public TextView videovname;          public TextView videoviewed;          public TextView videocomment;          public VideoViewHolder(View itemView) {              super(itemView);              videologo = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.videologo);              videoviewed = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.videoviewed);              videocomment = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.videocomment);              videovname = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.videoname);          }      }  }  

有点遗憾,最近还没有掌握怎么给Recyclerview添加header和footer,等哪天有空了再补充下。
到此,Material Design的内容已全部结束了,接下来可能再写一些目前App比较流行的UI的实现小例子了。

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