自定义属性入门和详解

declare_styleable 写在attr.xml或者value.xml都行 .<resources><attrname="roundSelector"format="reference"/><attrname="rectSelector"format="reference"/><attrname="rectSelectorStrong"format="reference"/><attrname="defaultFooterColor"format="color"/><attrname="toolbarPopupTheme"format="reference"/><attrname="iconColor"format="color"/><attrname="dividerColor"format="color"/><declare-styleablename="SlidingPaneLayoutPlus"><attrname="move_mode"><enumname="default_"value="0"/><enumname="translation"value="1"/><enumname="scale_menu"value="2"/><enumname="scale_panel"value="3"/><enumname="scale_both"value="4"/><enumname="translation_scale"value="5"/></attr><attrname="compat_sliding"format="boolean"/></declare-styleable></resources>相对应的java自定义属性代码行://查找布局文件的styleable中的<declare-styleablename="SlidingPaneLayoutPlus">TypedArraya=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.SlidingPaneLayoutPlus);//查找stleable对应styleable中的对应的arr<attrname="move_mode">0是默认值this.mMode=SlidingPaneLayoutPlus.Mode.getFromInt(a.getInt(R.styleable.SlidingPaneLayoutPlus_move_mode,0));//<attrname="compat_sliding"format="boolean"/>this.mIsCompatSliding=a.getBoolean(R.styleable.SlidingPaneLayoutPlus_compat_sliding,false);//typedArray要释放a.recycle();我们在做项目的时候，由于Android自带的属性不能满足需求，android提供了自定义属性的方法，其中的format是做什么用的？以及如何使用它？下面列出一些常用的。1. reference：参考某一资源ID。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "名称">                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：             <ImageView                     android:layout_width = "42dip"                     android:layout_height = "42dip"                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"                     />2. color：颜色值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "名称">                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <TextView                     android:layout_width = "42dip"                     android:layout_height = "42dip"                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"                     />3. boolean：布尔值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "名称">                   <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <Button                    android:layout_width = "42dip"                    android:layout_height = "42dip"                    android:focusable = "true"                    />4. dimension：尺寸值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "名称">                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <Button                    android:layout_width = "42dip"                    android:layout_height = "42dip"                    />5. float：浮点值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <alpha                   android:fromAlpha = "1.0"                   android:toAlpha = "0.7"                   />6. integer：整型值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">                   <attr name = "visible" />                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />                   <attr name = "pivotX" />                   <attr name = "pivotY" />                   <attr name = "drawable" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <animated-rotate                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"                    android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"                    android:pivotX = "50%"                    android:pivotY = "50%"                    android:framesCount = "12"                    android:frameDuration = "100"                   />7. string：字符串。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "MapView">                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <com.google.android.maps.MapView                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"                    />8. fraction：百分数。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">                   <attr name = "visible" />                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />                   <attr name = "drawable" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <rotate                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"             android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"                   android:fromDegrees = "0"             android:toDegrees = "360"                   android:pivotX = "200%"                   android:pivotY = "300%"             android:duration = "5000"                   android:repeatMode = "restart"                   android:repeatCount = "infinite"                   />9. enum：枚举值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name="名称">                   <attr name="orientation">                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />                   </attr>                       </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：            <LinearLayout                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"                    android:orientation = "vertical"                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"                    >            </LinearLayout>10. flag：位或运算。     （1）属性定义：             <declare-styleable name="名称">                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />                     </attr>                     </declare-styleable>     （2）属性使用：            <activity                   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"                   android:label = "@string/app_name"                   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">                   <intent-filter>                          <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />                          <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />                   </intent-filter>             </activity>特别要注意：     属性定义时可以指定多种类型值。    （1）属性定义：            <declare-styleable name = "名称">                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />            </declare-styleable>    （2）属性使用：             <ImageView                     android:layout_width = "42dip"                     android:layout_height = "42dip"                     android:background = "@drawable/图片ID|#00FF00"                     /> 10.

    项目实习演练:  给TextView加一个可以从asset设置字体的属性

   1.写一个可以从代码和自定义属性中继承控件CustomTextView

           
public class CustomTextView extends android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatTextView {    String mTypefaceWord;    public CustomTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {        super(context, attrs, defStyle);        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomTextView);        mTypefaceWord = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.CustomTextView_import_typeface);        typedArray.recycle();        init();    }    public CustomTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {        this(context, attrs, 0);    }    public CustomTextView(Context context) {        this(context, null);    }    private void init() {        Typeface tf = null;        if (mTypefaceWord == null) {            tf = Typeface.createFromAsset(getContext().getAssets(),                    "KhmerUI_0.ttf");        } else {            tf = Typeface.createFromAsset(getContext().getAssets(),                    mTypefaceWord);        }        setTypeface(tf);    }}
  stylable文件:
<declare-styleable name="CustomTextView">    <attr name="import_typeface" format="string"/></declare-styleable>

注意 自定义属性的名字不能和系统以及之前定义的名字重复 否则就会报错