SSM框架的简单汇总笔记

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spring 的注解:

    @Component 组件注解,代表一般组件 ( @Named 通用注解)    @Repository 持久化组件的注解    @Service 业务层注解    @Controller 控制层注解    @Scope("prototype") 作用域 ,默认是singleton    @PostConstruct 初始化回调注释    @PreDestroy 销毁回调    @Resource 自动注入 

配置文件中的依赖注入(ref)

    <bean id="c3p0DataSource"    class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"    destroy-method="close">        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/wjh"/>        <property name="user" value="root" />        <property name="password" value="root" />    </bean>    <bean id="jdbcTemplate"  class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">            <property name="dataSource" ref="c3p0DataSource"/>    </bean>

静态工厂和实例工厂

1.静态工厂

    <bean id="userService" factory-method="getUserService" class="factory.StaticFactory" />

2.实例工厂

    <bean id="beanFactory" class="factory.BeanFactory"/>    <bean id="userService" factory-method="getUserService" factory-bean="beanFactory"/>

指定依赖注入

    @Autowired    public void setName( @Qualifier("name") String name){ //name不能可以省略        Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());        logger.warn(name);    }    @Autowired    public void setName( String name){        this.name = name;    }    <bean id="name" class="java.lang.String">        <constructor-arg value="王建杭"/>    </bean>    @Resource //也可以直接放在属性上面    public void setDao(DemoDao demoDao){        this.demoDao = demoDao;    }    @Resource(name="demoDao"public void setDao(DemoDao demoDao){        this.demoDao = demoDao;    }

@Resource只支持单个项目,不支持聚合项目

构造方法注入

    @Autowired    public Demo( @Qualifier("b") String a,@Qualifier("b") String b) {        System.out.println(a);        System.out.println(b);    }

自动注入,找demoDao的id

    //id是demoDao    @Repository    public class DemoDao {    //id是demo    @Repository("demo")    public class DemoDao {

引入配置文件,动态配置属性

<!-- 引入外部文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:user.properties" />user.properties    age=18    name=jackUser.java    @Value("${age}")    private Integer age;    @Value("${name}")    private String name;###工具类的使用    <util:list id="list">        <value>1</value>        <value>2</value>        <value>3</value>            </util:list>    @Value("#{@list}")    private List<Object> list;

spring-mvc四大组件

1.前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)

作用 :负责request对象和response对象的转发和响应。

2.处理映射器

匹配处理请求的类,交个给前端控制器。

3.处理器适配器

调用适当的处理器去执行请求

4.视图解析器

根据返回的页面名称为其拼接真实的路径

这里写图片描述

web.xml配置

 <!-- springMVC servlet -->    <servlet>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>    <!-- spring mvc 乱码过滤器 -->    <filter>        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>        <filter-class>            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter        </filter-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>encoding</param-name>            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>        </init-param>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping> 

spring-mvc.xml配置文件:

<beans        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"         xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"          xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd">        <!-- 包扫描器 -->        <context:component-scan base-package="spring"/>          <!-- 视图转发器 前缀是 /jsp/  后缀是 .jsp -->        <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">            <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>             <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>        </bean>        <!-- 登陆检测,拦截器 ,过滤器的子类-->        <mvc:interceptors>            <mvc:interceptor>                <mvc:mapping path="/article/*"/>                <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/*"/>                <bean class="interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>            </mvc:interceptor>        </mvc:interceptors>        <!-- 上传组件 -->        <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">            <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10240" />            <property name="resolveLazily" value="true" />        </bean>        <!-- 开启注解映射 -->        <mvc:annotation-driven/>      <!--           配置文件中配置 url映射,不建议使用        <bean id="helloController" class="spring.controller.HelloWorldController"/>        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">            <property name="mappings">                <props>                    <prop key="/hello.html">helloController</prop>                </props>            </property>        </bean> -->    </beans>###spring mvc 加载多个配置文件    <context-param>          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>          <param-value>              /WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext-*.xml,            classpath:applicationContext-*.xml        </param-value>      </context-param>      <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener>

控制器的配置

package spring.controller;    import java.io.IOException;    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;    @Controller    @RequestMapping("/user")//这种方法忽略后缀    public class UserController { //控制器,/user是映射路径        @RequestMapping("/login") //此方法的映射路径是 /user/login        public void login(HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException{            res.getWriter().println("login~");        }        @RequestMapping("/login") //注入参数        public void login(@RequestParam("id") int id) throws IOException{            res.getWriter().println("login~");        }    }    //转发到/jsp/test.jsp    @RequestMapping(value="/test")    public String test(HttpServletRequest req){        return "test";     }    //重定向 到/jsp/test.jsp    @RequestMapping(value="/test2")    public String test2(){        return "redirect:test";     }    //接收一个model    @RequestMapping("/test2")    public String test2(Model model){        model.addAttribute("msg", "hello");        return "redirect:/user/test.do";     }

model内的数据以get方式提交过去

拦截器的配置

spring-mvc.xml 配置

    <!-- 登陆检测,拦截器 ,过滤器的子类-->    <mvc:interceptors>        <mvc:interceptor>            <mvc:mapping path="/article/*"/>            <mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/*"/>            <bean class="interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>        </mvc:interceptor>    </mvc:interceptors>

代码如下:

package interceptor;    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;    import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;    import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;    public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {        @Override        public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest req,                HttpServletResponse res, Object handler, Exception ex)                throws Exception {        }        @Override        public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res,                Object handler, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {        }        @Override        public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res,                Object handler) throws Exception {        /*  HttpSession session = req.getSession();            String loginId = (String) session.getAttribute("loginId");            if(loginId == null){                return false;            }            return true;*/            return true;        }    }

异常处理

@ExceptionHandler //异常处理的注解,如果在一个控制器中只针对这个控制器抛出的异常有效    public String doException(MaxUploadSizeExceededException ex,Model model){        model.addAttribute("message", "文件应该要小于"+ex.getMaxUploadSize()+"字节");        return "upload/upload";    }

多个异常的处理

@ExceptionHandler({MaxUploadSizeExceededException.class,NumberFormatException.class})    @ResponseBody    public String doException(Exception ex,Model model){        //model.addAttribute("message", "文件应该要小于"+ex.getMaxUploadSize()+"字节");        return ex.getClass().toString();    }

全局异常处理

package spring.global;    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;    @ControllerAdvice //这个类中的ExceptionHandler会捕获所有控制器抛出的异常    public class GlobalHandler{        private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());        @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)        public String doException(Exception ex){            logger.error(ex.getMessage(),ex);            return "error/exception";        }    }

@ControllerAdvice 注解

  1. 通过@ControllerAdvice注解可以将对于控制器的全局配置放在同一个位置。
  2. 注解了@Controller的类的方法可以使用@ExceptionHandler、@InitBinder、@ModelAttribute注解到方法上。
  3. @ControllerAdvice注解将作用在所有注解了@RequestMapping的控制器的方法上
  4. @ExceptionHandler:用于全局处理控制器里的异常。
  5. @InitBinder:用来设置WebDataBinder,用于自动绑定前台请求参数到Model中。
  6. @ModelAttribute:本来作用是绑定键值对到Model中,此处让全局的@RequestMapping都能获得在此处设置的键值对。

代码:

@ControllerAdvice    public class AdviceControlller {        private Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());        //异常处理        @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)        public String doException(Exception ex){            logger.error(ex.getMessage(),ex);            return "error/exception";        }        //参数转换        @InitBinder        public void InitBinder (ServletRequestDataBinder binder){            binder.registerCustomEditor(            java.util.Date.class,             new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));        }    }@ModelAttribute  的使用    @ModelAttribute      public void populateModel(@RequestParam String abc, Model model) {         model.addAttribute("attributeName", abc);      }      @ModelAttribute("attributeName")      public String addAccount(@RequestParam String abc) {         return abc;      }      public String test1(@ModelAttribute("user") UserModel user)  

log4j的整合

log4j.properties文件内容(在控制台打印输出的配置):

    log4j.rootLogger=all,console    log4j.appender.console.threshold=warn    log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender    log4j.appender.console.target=System.err    log4j.appender.console.immediateFlush=true    log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout    log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}-[%p]-[%l]:%m%n    #log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}-[%c]-[%p]-[%l]:%m%n

在web.xml中:

    <!-- log4j配置 , -->    <context-param>        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>/WEB-INF/props/log4j.properties</param-value>    </context-param>    <!-- 6秒扫描一次配置文件的改动,会导致log4j无法关闭[FileWatchdog]线程  -->    <context-param>        <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>        <param-value>6000</param-value>    </context-param>    <!-- log4j 监听器 -->    <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>    </listener>

log4j的使用

Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());    logger.warn("log4j输出");
控制台打印示例:2017-05-26 10:14:53-[WARN]-[spring.controller.GlobalController.do404(GlobalController.java:18)]:log4j输出

文件上传:

在springmvc.xml中

<!-- 上传组件 -->    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10240" /> //最大1024个字节        <property name="resolveLazily" value="true" /> //懒汉式加载,可进行异常获取    </bean>

在程序中:

 @RequestMapping("/upload")    public String upload(MultipartFile file, //当文件上传时 用数组接收即可 (MultipartFile[] file)            HttpServletRequest res,ModelMap model) throws IOException{        if(file == null){            model.addAttribute("message", "文件为空");            return "/upload/upload";        }        String path = res.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("upload");        String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();        File uploadFile = new File(path,fileName);        file.transferTo(uploadFile);        model.addAttribute("fileName", fileName);        return "/upload/res";    }

当上传的文件大于配置的字节时,需要配置一个异常处理方法

@ExceptionHandler    public String doException(MaxUploadSizeExceededException ex,Model model){        model.addAttribute("message", "文件应该要小于"+ex.getMaxUploadSize()+"字节");        return "upload/upload";    }

404错误的处理的解决方法,配置一个通配的控制器

package spring.controller;    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;    import org.springframework.ui.Model;    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;    @Controller    @RequestMapping("**")//通配控制器,匹配所有的匹配不上其他映射路径的路径(一个*代表一层路径,**代表多层路径)    public class AlllController {        @RequestMapping("")//默认匹配        public String do404(HttpServletRequest req,Model model){            model.addAttribute("url", req.getRequestURL());            Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());            logger.warn("log4j输出");            return "error/404";        }    }

定义一个异常:可以指定状态,前提是这个异常不能被捕获,这个需要被抛给服务器

    @ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND,reason="demoException")    public class DemoException extends RuntimeException {

不转发jsp,直接输出字符串

@RequestMapping(value="/other",produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8")     @ResponseBody //浏览器收到"other"字符串    public String other(){        Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());        logger.warn("other");        return "other";    }    @RequestMapping(value="/other",produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8")     @ResponseBody //浏览器收到"other"字符串    public void other(){        Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass());        logger.warn("other");        res.getWriter().print("abc");    }

关于json的配置和使用

需要2个jar包 :

  1. jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar
  2. jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar
  @RequestMapping(value="a" ,produces="application/json;charset=UTF-8")        public  @ResponseBody User a() {            User user = new User();            user.setAge(11);            user.setName("小红");            return user;        }

produces:请求的是json,并且以json为后缀,浏览器以.html为后缀中会接收text/html类型

在web.xml中需要配置2个映射

    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/server/*</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>    function send(){        $.ajax({            "url" : "server/hello/a.json",            "contentType":"application/json;charset=UTF-8",            "async" : true,            "type" : "POST",            "success" : function(result){                var name = result.name;                $("#msg").html("<font style='color:red'>"+name+"</font>")            }        });    }

springMVC4.2的不支持1.x的jackson的,会报HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException:Could not find acceptable representation
没有匹配类型,其实是使用了MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter.class类,这个类支持2.x的jackson,只能使用3.2的spring

jackson 1.x jar包

  • jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar
  • jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar6

spring-mvc 4.2 可以使用下面的扩展包

jackson2.x用下面的包

  • jackson-annotations-2.4.0.jar
  • jackson-core-2.4.2.jar
  • jackson-databind-2.4.2.jar

REST(RESTful)概念

可提高伸缩性,降低耦合度便于分布式处理程序

RESTful 规范:

http://localhost:8080/web/delUser/1234

http://localhost:8080/web/orders/2017/06/18434

  • POST: Create Delete Update
  • GET:Read
  • PUT:Update Create
  • DELETE:Delete

  • /blog/1 http GET => 查询id=1的blog

  • /blog/1 http DELETE => 查删除id=1的blog
  • /blog/1 http PUT => 更新 id=1的blog
  • /blog/add http POST => 新增blog

spring对REST的支持

  • @RequestMapping 指定要处理请求的URI方法和HTTP的请求动作
  • @PathVariable 将URI中请求模板中的变量映射到处理方法的参数上
  • 利用Ajax,可以在浏览器中发送PUT和Delete的请求

在控制器中

@RequestMapping("/rest/{id}")    public @ResponseBody  String rest(@PathVariable int id){        logger.info(id);        return "rest";    }

指定方法和指定path参数名

@RequestMapping(value="/rest/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)    public @ResponseBody  String rest(@PathVariable("id") int i){        logger.info(i);        return "rest";    }

静态资源的访问控制

<!-- 静态资源访问 -->    <mvc:resources location="/jsp/"   mapping="/jsp/*"/>    <mvc:resources location="/image/"   mapping="/image/*"/>    <mvc:resources location="/css/"   mapping="/css/*"/>    <mvc:resources location="/js/"   mapping="/js/*"/>    <!--默认的资源访问控制-->    <!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> -->

自动封装javaBean

    @RequestMapping("/addUser")    public @ResponseBody String addUser(User user){        //logger.info(user);        if(user != null)            return user.toString();        return "user is null";    }    <form action="demo/addUser" method="post">        <input type="text" name="email" value="293@qq.com" >        <input type="text" name="password" value="123">        <input type="text" name="nickname" value="jack">        <input type="submit" value="注册" >    </form>

多个javaBean封装

@RequestMapping("/addUser")    public @ResponseBody String addUser(User user,UserInfo info){        //logger.info(user);        if(user == null)            return "user is null";        if(info == null)            return "info is null";        return user.toString()+"|"+info.toString();    }    <form action="demo/addUser" method="post">        <input type="text" name="email" value="293@qq.com" >        <input type="text" name="password" value="123">        <input type="text" name="nickname" value="jack">        <input type="text" name="age" value="18">        <input type="text" name="sex" value="man">        <input type="submit" value="注册" >    </form>
  1. html中提交的字段会自动封装成User实体对象,自动匹配属性,没有的值则为空
  2. 也可以直接注入User实体对象的引用,如:name=”type.name”就可以为user中的type对象的name进行注入
  3. 封装对象会被放入model中,转发到页面中可以直接使用之前提交过去的数据,如:

代码如下:

<input type="text" name="email" value="${user.email}" >//user不可省略    <input type="text" name="type.name" value="${user.type.name}" >

传递参数的类型转换

@InitBinder    public void InitBinder (ServletRequestDataBinder binder){        binder.registerCustomEditor(        java.util.Date.class,         new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));    }

spring的测试方法

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)    @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationTest.xml")    public class Demo {        @Resource        private TestDao testDao;        @Test        public void demo1() {            testDao.print();        }    }
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