六.消息的交换:direct类型的Exchange(通过消息的routing key比较queue的key)

根据routingKey匹配消息到符合的消费者消费消息

例:消费者1只消费info级别的日志，消费者2即消费info级别也消费error级别

生产者和消费者的pom.xml和上一章一样

一.生产者Producer
1.发送Exchange类型为direct的消息的类:LogReceiveDirect.java

package com.rabbit.exchange;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;public class LogSenderDirect {    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogSenderFanout.class);    //ConnectionFactory和Connection在正式开发时需要设置成单例    private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;    private Connection connection;    private Channel channel;    /**     * 在构造函数中获取连接     */    public LogSenderDirect(){        super();        try {            connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();            connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");            connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();            channel = connection.createChannel();        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("获取连接时出错...");        }    }    /**     * 关闭连接的方法     */    public boolean closeAll(){        try {            this.channel.close();            this.connection.close();        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("关闭连接时异常...");            return false;        }        return true;    }    /**     * 发送消息到交换中心     */    public void sendMessage(String message,String routingKey){        try {            //声明一个exchange,名字为logs,类型为direct            channel.exchangeDeclare("logs", "direct");            //发布消息到exchange上            /**             * 1.指定exchange的名字             * 2.direct类型             * 3.null...             * 3.发送的消息             */            channel.basicPublish("logs", routingKey, null, message.getBytes());            logger.debug("发送direct类型的消息"+message+"到exchange交换中心.");        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("消息发送失败:"+e);        }    }}

2.启动测试的main方法:ExchangeDirectMain.java

package com.rabbit.main;import com.rabbit.exchange.LogSenderDirect;public class ExchangeDirectMain {    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {        LogSenderDirect logSender = new LogSenderDirect();        //轮流每一秒发送info和error的消息(让消费者1接受info和error级别消息,消费者2只接受info级别消息)        int i = 0;        while (true) {            if(i%2 == 0){                logSender.sendMessage("hello tiglle"+i+":info","info");            }else{                logSender.sendMessage("hello tiglle"+i+":error","error");            }            Thread.sleep(1000);            i++;        }    }}

二.只消费info级别的Consumer
1.消费消息的类:LogReceiveDirect.java

package com.rabbit.exchange;import java.io.IOException;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;public class LogReceiveDirect {    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogReceiveDirect.class);    //正式开发ConnectionFactory和Connection应该设置为单例    private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;    private Connection connection;    private Channel channel;    /**     * 在构造函数中获取连接     */    public LogReceiveDirect(){        super();//Objece为其父类...        try {            connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();            connection  = connectionFactory.newConnection();            channel = connection.createChannel();            //声明exchange,防止生成者没启动的时候,exchange不存在(生成者和消费者总有一个要先声明)            channel.exchangeDeclare("logs", "direct");        } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception        }    }    /**     * 关闭连接的方法     */    public boolean closeAll(){        try {            this.channel.close();            this.connection.close();        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("关闭连接异常:"+e);            return false;        }        return true;    }    /**     * 消费消息     */    public void messageReceive(){        try {            //获取临时列队:自己声明队列是比较麻烦的，            //因此，RabbitMQ提供了简便的获取临时队列的方法，该队列会在连接断开后销毁            String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();            //把获取的临时列队绑定到logs这个exchange交换中心,只接受info级别日志            /**             * 1.列队名称             * 2.交换中心的名称             * 3.routingKey和生产者发布消息的时候指定的一样             */            channel.queueBind(queueName, "logs", "info");            //定义一个Consumer消费logs的消息            Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {                @Override                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,byte[] body) throws IOException {                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub                    String message = new String(body,"UTF-8");                    logger.debug("我是打印日志的消费者:"+message);                }            };            //自动确认为true,接收到消息后该消息就销毁了            channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("消费消息时异常:"+e);        }    }}

2.启动监听的main方法:ExchangeDirectMain.java

package com.rabbit.main;import com.rabbit.exchange.LogReceiveDirect;public class ExchangeDirectMain {    public static void main(String[] args) {        LogReceiveDirect logReceive = new LogReceiveDirect();        logReceive.messageReceive();    }}

三.同时消费info和error级别消息的消费者
1.消费消息的类:LogReceiveDirect.java

package com.rabbit.exchange;import java.io.IOException;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;public class LogReceiveDirect {    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogReceiveDirect.class);    //正式开发ConnectionFactory和Connection应该设置为单例    private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;    private Connection connection;    private Channel channel;    /**     * 在构造函数中获取连接     */    public LogReceiveDirect(){        super();//Objece为其父类...        try {            connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();            connection  = connectionFactory.newConnection();            channel = connection.createChannel();            //声明exchange,防止生成者没启动的时候,exchange不存在(生成者和消费者总有一个要先声明)            channel.exchangeDeclare("logs", "direct");        } catch (Exception e) {            // TODO: handle exception        }    }    /**     * 关闭连接的方法     */    public boolean closeAll(){        try {            this.channel.close();            this.connection.close();        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("关闭连接异常:"+e);            return false;        }        return true;    }    /**     * 消费消息     */    public void messageReceive(){        try {            //获取临时列队:自己声明队列是比较麻烦的，            //因此，RabbitMQ提供了简便的获取临时队列的方法，该队列会在连接断开后销毁            String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();            //把获取的临时列队绑定到logs这个exchange交换中心,绑定两个routingKey(同时接受info和error级别日志),不会覆盖            /**             * 1.列队名称             * 2.交换中心的名称             * 3.routingKey和生产者发布消息的时候指定的一样             */            channel.queueBind(queueName, "logs", "info");            channel.queueBind(queueName, "logs", "error");            //定义一个Consumer消费logs的消息            Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {                @Override                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,byte[] body) throws IOException {                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub                    String message = new String(body,"UTF-8");                    logger.debug("我是写硬盘的消费者:"+message);                }            };            //自动确认为true,接收到消息后该消息就销毁了            channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);        } catch (Exception e) {            logger.error("消费消息时异常:"+e);        }    }}

2.启动监听的main方法:ExchangeDirectMain.java

package com.rabbit.main;import com.rabbit.exchange.LogReceiveDirect;public class ExchangeDirectMain {    public static void main(String[] args) {        LogReceiveDirect logReceive = new LogReceiveDirect();        logReceive.messageReceive();    }}

这时，提供者的info级别日志会被消费者1和消费者2同时消费，error级别的日志只会被消费者2消费