Java web学习——Spring MVC项目实例，三层架构通过JDBC链接SQLServer2012

Spring MVC架构原理？原理篇

1、新建项目
File-New-Other,选择Dynamic web project

项目建好后的目录结构如下：

2、导入jar包
导入spring mvc框架需要的jar包
spring mvc常用jar包官方下载地址
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar下载地址
sqljdbc jar包（此为链接sql server的jdbc jar包）
将下载好的jar包copy到lib文件夹中

3、在WEB-INF下新建web.xml（前端控制器）、springmvc.xml(处理器映射器、视图解析器)配置文件

• web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"    id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">    <!-- 配置DispatchcerServlet -->    <servlet>        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>            <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc.xml</param-value>        </init-param>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

• springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">        <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->        <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"></context:component-scan>        <context:component-scan base-package="com.utility"></context:component-scan>        <!-- 配置视图解析器 如何把handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 -->        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">            <property name = "prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>            <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"></property>        </bean></beans>

4、新建Handler（controller）、service、dao

此处可能有人会说，咦，我在com包下新建了一个包为啥没上下层级结构显示，表急再在com下新建一个包时就可以了

按照目录结构建好相关的包和类

• BookingController.java

package com.controller;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import com.utility.DBHelper;@Controller@RequestMapping("/Booking")public class BookingController {    @Autowired    private DBHelper dbhelper ;    @RequestMapping("/getBooking")    public ModelAndView getBooking() {        List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();        try {            list = dbhelper.ExecuteResultSet("select * from [dbo].[Users]");        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();            StackTraceElement[] messages = e.getStackTrace();            int length = messages.length;            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {                System.out.println("ClassName:" + messages[i].getClassName());                System.out.println("getFileName:" + messages[i].getFileName());                System.out.println("getLineNumber:"                        + messages[i].getLineNumber());                System.out.println("getMethodName:"                        + messages[i].getMethodName());                System.out.println("toString:" + messages[i].toString());            }        }        return new ModelAndView("booking","list",list);    }}

• BookingService.java

package com.service;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.utility.DBHelper;@Servicepublic class BookingService {    @Autowired    private DBHelper dbhelper;    public  List<Map<String,Object>>  getStockList()    {        List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();        try {            list = dbhelper.ExecuteResultSet("SELECT * FROM dbo.Stock;");        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return list;    }}

• DBHelper.java

package com.utility;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Properties;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class DBHelper {    private static String driverName;    private static String dbURL;    private static String userName;    private static String password;    private static Connection connection;    private static Statement statement;    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException    {        Connection conn =null;        try {            Properties prop =  new  Properties();               prop.load(DBHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("DB.properties"));            driverName=prop.getProperty("driverName");            dbURL=prop.getProperty("dbURL");            userName=prop.getProperty("userName");            password=prop.getProperty("password");            Class.forName(driverName);            conn =DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL, userName, password);        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        return conn;    }    /*     * 释放资源     */    public static void releaseResources(ResultSet resultSet, Statement statement, Connection connection) {        try {            if (resultSet != null)                resultSet.close();        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            resultSet = null;            try {                if (statement != null)                    statement.close();            } catch (SQLException e) {                e.printStackTrace();            } finally {                statement = null;                try {                    if (connection != null)                        connection.close();                } catch (SQLException e) {                    e.printStackTrace();                } finally {                    connection = null;                }            }        }    }    public  List<Map<String,Object>>  ExecuteResultSet(String sql) throws SQLException {        List<Map<String,Object>> list = new  ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();        ResultSet rs=null;        try {            connection = getConnection();            statement = connection.createStatement();            rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);            ResultSetMetaData m=rs.getMetaData();            int count=m.getColumnCount();            while (rs.next()) {                Map<String,Object> rowData=new HashMap<String, Object>();                for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {                    Object value=rs.getObject(i)==null?"":rs.getObject(i);                      rowData.put(m.getColumnName(i), value);                }                list.add(rowData);            }        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            releaseResources(rs, statement, connection);        }        return list;    }    /*     * 更新操作     */    public void Execute(String sql) {        try {            connection = getConnection();            statement = connection.createStatement();            // 可执行创建、修改、删除表，添加、删除、修改元组以及查询sql语句            statement.execute(sql);        } catch (SQLException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {            releaseResources(null, statement, connection);        }    }}

• DB.properties数据库配置文件
• 注意在SQL Server 配置管理器中开启TCP/IP 1433端口

driverName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriverdbURL=jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;DatabaseName=ManagementWebuserName=sapassword=vaecn7820221

5、新建index.jsp页面和views文件夹、booking.jsp页面

• index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"    pageEncoding="GB18030"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body><h2>JAVA EE</h2><a href="Booking/getBooking">getBooking</a></body></html>

• booking.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>   <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body><h1>booking</h1>${list}<br><c:forEach var="arry" items="${list}" >           <tr>           <td> <c:out value="${arry.User_UserID}" default="wang"/>           </td>           <td>            <c:out value="${arry.User_Name}" default="wang"/>           </td>           </tr>        </c:forEach> </body></html>

点击getBooking请求BookingController转发到/WEB-INF/views/booking.jsp页面