SpringMvc使用以及ssm整合
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SpringMvc框架使用
- 导包
- 配置web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!--扫描@Controler @Service--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.fmt.springmvc"></context:component-scan> <!--<!–处理器映射器–>--> <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>--> <!--<!–处理器引射器–>--> <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>--> <!--视图解析器--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!--注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven/></beans>配置springmvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!--扫描@Controler @Service--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.fmt.springmvc"></context:component-scan> <!--<!–处理器映射器–>--> <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>--> <!--<!–处理器引射器–>--> <!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>--> <!--注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven/></beans>实现一个Controller
@Controllerpublic class ItemController { @RequestMapping(value = "/item/itemlist.action",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET}) public ModelAndView itemList(){ ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView(); //mav.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemList.jsp"); //配置了视图解析器后 mav.setViewName("itemList"); return mav; }}访问http://localhost:8080/item/itemlist.action
参数绑定
//直接方法上写提交上来的参数名字可以直接获得 @RequestMapping(value = "/item/paramer.action") public ModelAndView getParamer(@RequestParam(value = "age",required = false,defaultValue = "1") int age,Integer id, String name){ System.out.println(id); System.out.println(name); List<Items> itemselect = itemService.getItemselect(); ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView(); mav.setViewName("itemList"); return mav; }对象绑定
@RequestMapping(value = "/item/user.action") public ModelAndView getUser(User user){ System.out.println(user); ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView(); mav.setViewName("itemList"); return mav; }//http://localhost:8080/item/user.action?age=12&name=xiaohon(自动封装一个User)
在类上处理映射
@RequestMapping(value = "/item")public class ItemController {//多个url映射到同一个方法上@RequestMapping(value ={ "/paramer.action"," "/paramexxxr.action""}) public ModelAndView getParamer（）{ }}自定义参数绑定
如果提交了一个date为2017:12-02 15_22-22，springmvc没办法把字符串转换成日期类型。所以需要自定义参数绑定。
@RequestMapping(value = "/item/user.action") public ModelAndView getUser(User user,Date date){ System.out.println(user); ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView(); mav.setViewName("itemList"); return mav; }public class DateConver implements Converter<String,Date>{ @Override public Date convert(String s) { try { if (null!=s){ DateFormat format=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy:MM-dd HH_mm-ss"); return format.parse(s); } }catch (Exception e){ } return null; }}<!--注解驱动--> <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="formattingConversionService"/> <!--配置Conveter转换器 转换日期--> <bean id="formattingConversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean"> <!--配置多个转换器--> <property name="converters"> <set> <bean class="com.fmt.springmvc.conver.DateConver"></bean> </set> </property> </bean>PathVariable
@RequestMapping(value ="/itemEdit/{id}.action") public void test(@PathVariable Integer id){}Controller的返回
- ModelAndView
- String
public String testController(Model model){//return "forward:path";//path代表转发的地址return "redirect:path";//path代表重定向的地址}- Void（返回这种结果的时候可以在Controller方法的形参中定义HTTPServletRequest和HTTPServletResponse对象进行请求的接收和响应)
异常处理器
当发生异常了，捕获到异常信息
public class CustomExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver { @Override public ModelAndView resolveException(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {// 发生异常的地方sevice 方法 //可以记录到日志 ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); modelAndView.addObject("error","发生错误"); modelAndView.setViewName("error"); return modelAndView; }}在springmvc.xml中注册
<!--SpringMvc的异常处理器--> <bean class="com.fmt.springmvc.exception.CustomExceptionResolver"/>访问进入异常界面，在上方能捕获到
@RequestMapping(value = "/item/itemlist.action",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET}) public ModelAndView itemList(){ List<Items> itemselect = itemService.getItemselect(); ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView(); mav.setViewName("itemList"); int i=1/0; return mav; }图片上传
@RequestMapping(value = "update.action") public void file(MultipartFile file) throws IOException { file.transferTo(new File("D:\\")); }在springmvc中配置
<!--上传图片的实现类--> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <!--上传图片的大小 单位是B--> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="500000"/> </bean>json交互
客户端提交json数据，服务器返回json数据
@RequestMapping(value = "/json.action") @ResponseBody //客户端提交json数据，自动解析成User public User json(@RequestBody User user){ return user; }如果提示415错误的话参考下面文章
http://blog.csdn.net/tiantiandjava/article/details/46125141
拦截器
springmvc.xml配置
<!--SpringMvc的拦截器--> <mvc:interceptors> <!--多个拦截器--> <mvc:interceptor> <!--/aaa/bbb--> <mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <!--自定义拦截器类--> <bean class="com.fmt.springmvc.interceptor.interceptor1"></bean> </mvc:interceptor> <mvc:interceptor> <!--/aaa/bbb--> <mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <!--自定义拦截器类--> <bean class="com.fmt.springmvc.interceptor.interceptor2"></bean> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors>public class interceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception { System.out.println("方法前1"); //是否拦截 return false; } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { System.out.println("方法后1"); } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception { System.out.println("页面渲染后1"); }}SpringMvc 流程
架构流程
⦁ 用户发送请求至前端控制器DispatcherServlet
⦁ DispatcherServlet收到请求调用HandlerMapping处理器映射器。
⦁ 处理器映射器根据请求url找到具体的处理器，生成处理器对象及处理器拦截器(如果有则生成)一并返回给DispatcherServlet。
⦁ DispatcherServlet通过HandlerAdapter处理器适配器调用处理器
⦁ 执行处理器(Controller，也叫后端控制器)。
⦁ Controller执行完成返回ModelAndView
⦁ HandlerAdapter将controller执行结果ModelAndView返回给DispatcherServlet
⦁ DispatcherServlet将ModelAndView传给ViewReslover视图解析器
⦁ ViewReslover解析后返回具体View
⦁ DispatcherServlet对View进行渲染视图（即将模型数据填充至视图中）。
⦁ DispatcherServlet响应用户
处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器称为springmvc的三大组件。
整合mybatis
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <!-- Spring监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 处理POST提交乱码问题 --> <filter> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--前端控制器--> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--默认找/WEB-INF/[servlet的名称]-servlet.xml--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!-- 1./*拦截所有jsp js png .css全拦截 建议不适用 2.*.action *.do 以do action结尾的请求 肯定能使用 3./ 拦截所有(不包括jsp)（包含 .js .png .css）强烈建议使用 --> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping></web-app>springmvc与struts2不同
⦁ springmvc的入口是一个servlet即前端控制器，而struts2入口是一个filter过滤器。
⦁ springmvc是基于方法开发(一个url对应一个方法)，请求参数传递到方法的形参，可以设计为单例或多例(建议单例)，struts2是基于类开发，传递参数是通过类的属性，只能设计为多例。
⦁ Struts采用值栈存储请求和响应的数据，通过OGNL存取数据， springmvc通过参数解析器是将request请求内容解析，并给方法形参赋值，将数据和视图封装成ModelAndView对象，最后又将ModelAndView中的模型数据通过request域传输到页面。Jsp视图解析器默认使用jstl。
SSM整合
配置sqlMapConfig.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"><configuration> <!--别名--> <typeAliases> <package name="com.fmt.ssm.pojo"/> </typeAliases></configuration>配置applicationContext-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置 读取properties文件 jdbc.properties --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <!-- 配置 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean> <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 设置MyBatis核心配置文件 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/sqlMapConfig.xml" /> <!-- 设置数据源 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 配置Mapper扫描 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 设置Mapper扫描包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.fmt.ssm.map" /> </bean></beans>配置applicationContext-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置Service扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.fmt.ssm.service" /></beans>配置SpringMvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置Controller扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.fmt.ssm.controller" /> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:resource.properties" /> <!-- 配置注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 对静态资源放行 --> <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/> <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> <mvc:resources location="/fonts/" mapping="/fonts/**"/> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- 前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean></beans>配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>ssm</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 配置spring --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 配置监听器加载spring --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 配置过滤器，解决post的乱码问题 --> <filter> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <servlet> <servlet-name>ssm</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 配置springmvc什么时候启动，参数必须为整数 --> <!-- 如果为0或者大于0，则springMVC随着容器启动而启动 --> <!-- 如果小于0，则在第一次请求进来的时候启动 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ssm</servlet-name> <!-- 所有的请求都进入springMVC --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping></web-app>简书链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/ae36b6e2698e
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