C++实现一个复数类

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复数类的实现中包含了众多C++的基础知识，对学习C++有很大的帮助。其中，运算符重载中的“前置++、–和后置++、–”稍微难些，需注意理解它的参数设计和返回值。
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{private:    double _real;    double _image;public://四个默认成员函数    //构造函数    Complex(double real = 0.0, double image = 0.0)        :_real(real), _image(image)    {    }    //拷贝构造函数    Complex(const Complex& c)    {        _real = c._real;        _image = c._image;    }    //析构函数    ~Complex()    {    }    //赋值运算符的重载    Complex operator = (const Complex& c)    {        this->_real = c._real;        this->_image = c._image;        return *this;    }public://复数“==”、“+”、“-”、“+=”、“-=”的情况    //判断相等    bool operator == (const Complex& d)    {        return ((_real == d._real) && (_image == d._image));    }    //两个复数相加    Complex operator+(const Complex& d)    {        Complex tmp;        tmp._real = _real + d._real;        tmp._image = _image + d._image;        return tmp;    }    //两个复数相减    Complex operator-(const Complex& d)    {        Complex tmp;        tmp._real = _real - d._real;        tmp._image = _image - d._image;        return tmp;    }    //复数对象-=d    Complex& operator+=(const Complex& d)    {        _real += d._real;        _image += d._image;        return *this;    }    //复数对象-=d    Complex& operator-=(const Complex& d)    {        _real -= d._real;        _image -= d._image;        return *this;    }public://复数“前置++、--”和“后置++、--”    //前置++    /*Complex operator++()    {        ++_real;        ++_image;        return *this;    }*/    Complex& operator++()    {        this->_real++;        this->_image++;        return *this;    }    //前置--    /*Complex operator--()    {        --_real;        --_image;        return *this;    }*/    Complex& operator--()    {        this->_real--;        this->_image--;        return *this;    }    //后置++    Complex operator++(int)    {        Complex tmp = *this;        _real++;        _image++;        return tmp;    }    //后置--    Complex operator--(int)    {        Complex tmp = *this;        _real--;        _image--;        return tmp;    }    //打印复数    void Display()    {        cout << _real << "+" << _image << "i" << endl;    }};//测试函数void Test1(){    cout << "初始化一个复数类" << endl;    Complex c1(1.0, 2.0);//调用构造函数，新建复数类c1    c1.Display();    Complex c2(c1);//调用拷贝构造函数，新建复数类c2    c2.Display();    cout << endl;}void Test2(){    cout << "初始化一个复数类" << endl;    Complex c1(1.0, 2.0);//调用构造函数，新建复数类c1    c1.Display();    Complex c2(c1);//调用拷贝构造函数，新建复数类c2    c2.Display();    //测试operator==    cout << endl << "测试operator==" << endl;    int ret = c1 == c2;    if (ret)    {        cout << "c1 == c2" << endl;    }    else    {        cout << "c1 != c2" << endl;    }    //测试operator+    cout << endl << "测试operator+" << endl;    Complex c3 = c1 + c2;    c3.Display();    //测试operator-    cout << endl << "测试operator-" << endl;    Complex c4 = c1 - c2;    c4.Display();    //测试opertor+=    cout << endl << "测试operator+=" << endl;    c1 += c2;    c1.Display();    //测试opertor-=    cout << endl << "测试operator-=" << endl;    c1.operator-= (c2);    c1.Display();    cout << endl;}//测试前置++、--和后置++、--void Test3(){    cout << "初始化一个复数类" << endl;    Complex c1(1.0, 2.0);    c1.Display();    //前置++    cout << endl << "测试前置++" << endl;    Complex c2 = ++c1;    c2.Display();    //前置--    cout << endl << "测试前置--" << endl;    Complex c3 = --c1;    c3.Display();    c1.Display();    //后置++    cout << endl << "测试后置++" << endl;    Complex c4 = c1++;    c4.Display();    c1.Display();    //后置--    cout << endl << "测试后置--" << endl;    Complex c5 = c1--;    c5.Display();    c1.Display();    cout << endl;}int main(){    Test1();    Test2();    Test3();    system("pause");    return 0;}
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