LayoutInflator#Inflate(...)

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这个标题起的有点夸张哈,但是LayoutInflater这个类的一些用法,在Android开发者使用的过程中,确实存在着一些很普遍的误区,最起码我研究的这么多小项目的源代码,基本上都在错误的使用这个类。今天,看到了一篇文章讲LayoutInflater的用法,瞬间感觉自己对这个类确实不够了解,于是简单的看了下LayoutInflater类的源代码,对这个类有了新的认识。

首先,LayoutInflater这个类是用来干嘛的呢?

我们最常用的便是LayoutInflater的inflate方法,这个方法重载了四种调用方式,分别为:

1. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)

2. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

3.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)

4.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

这四种使用方式中,我们最常用的是第一种方式,inflate方法的主要作用就是将xml转换成一个View对象,用于动态的创建布局。虽然重载了四个方法,但是这四种方法最终调用的,还是第四种方式。第四种方式也很好理解,内部实现原理就是利用Pull解析器,对Xml文件进行解析,然后返回View对象。

我们以我们经常使用的第一种形式为例,你在重写BaseAdapter的getView方法的时候是否这样做过

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public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    if(convertView == null) {
        convertView = inflate(R.layout.item_row,null);
    }
    returnconvertView;
}
inflate方法有三个参数,分别是

1.resource布局的资源id

2.root填充的根视图

3.attachToRoot是否将载入的视图绑定到根视图中

在这个例子中,我们将root参数设为空,功能确实实现了,但是这里还隐藏着一个隐患,这种方式并不是inflate正确的使用姿势,下面我们通过一个Demo,来说一下这样使用造成的弊端。

首先,我们建立一个这样的项目

\

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对应的布局文件如下

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<!--?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?-->
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="60dp"android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="vertical">
 
    <textview android:id="@+id/tv"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="11"android:textcolor="@android:color/black"android:textsize="22sp">
 
</textview></linearlayout>

OneActivity的代码如下
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public class OneActivity extendsActivity {
 
    privateListView list1;
 
    @Override
    protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);
        list1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list1);
        list1.setAdapter(newMyAdapter(this));
    }
 
    privateclass MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
 
        privateLayoutInflater inflater;
 
        MyAdapter(Context context) {
            inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        }
 
        @Override
        publicint getCount() {
            return20;
        }
 
        @Override
        publicObject getItem(intposition) {
            returnposition;
        }
 
        @Override
        publiclong getItemId(intposition) {
            returnposition;
        }
 
        @Override
        publicView getView(intposition, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 
            if(convertView == null) {
                convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list,null);
            }
            TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
            tv.setText(position+"");
            returnconvertView;
        }
 
    }
 
}

TwoActivity的代码如下
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public class TwoActivity extendsActivity {
    privateListView list2;
 
    @Override
    protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);
        list2 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list2);
        list2.setAdapter(newMyAdapter(this));
    }
 
    privateclass MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
 
        privateLayoutInflater inflater;
 
        MyAdapter(Context context) {
            inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        }
 
        @Override
        publicint getCount() {
            return20;
        }
 
        @Override
        publicObject getItem(intposition) {
            returnposition;
        }
 
        @Override
        publiclong getItemId(intposition) {
            returnposition;
        }
 
        @Override
        publicView getView(intposition, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 
            if(convertView == null) {
                convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);
            }
            TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
            tv.setText(position +"");
            returnconvertView;
        }
 
    }
 
}

两个文件最关键的区别就一句话,

在getView方法中,OneActivity是

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);

在getView方法中,TwoActivity是

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);

我们先看一下显示效果,再说两者的区别

OneActivity效果

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TwoActivity的显示效果

\


我们可以很明显的看出来,使用第一种方式,根布局的高度设置60dp没有起作用,系统还是按照包裹内容的方式加载的,为什么会产生这种效果呢?我们从需要inflate方法的源代码中找一下答案。

首先,方式一的源代码实现

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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
        returninflate(parser, root, root != null);
    }

当我们使用方式一,并且第二个参数传入null的时候,默认调用的是下面的方法,并且attachToRoot是false
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public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        if(DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: "+ resource);
        XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
        try{
            returninflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        }finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

在这一个方法中,pull解析器将资源id转化成XmlResourceParser对象,又传给了第四种方式,所以我们需要重点看的还是第四种方式是如何实现的
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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, booleanattachToRoot) {
        synchronized(mConstructorArgs) {
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW,"inflate");
 
            finalAttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
            View result = root;
 
            try{
                // Look for the root node.
                inttype;
                while((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }
 
                if(type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    thrownew InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            +": No start tag found!");
                }
 
                finalString name = parser.getName();
                 
                if(DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }
 
                if(TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if(root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        thrownew InflateException("<merge> can be used only with a valid "
                                +"ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }
 
                    rInflate(parser, root, attrs,false);
                }else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    View temp;
                    if(TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
                        temp =new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
                    }else {
                        temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
                    }
 
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params =null;
 
                    if(root != null) {
                        if(DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: "+
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if(!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }
 
                    if(DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }
                    // Inflate all children under temp
                    rInflate(parser, temp, attrs,true);
                    if(DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }
 
                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if(root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }
 
                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if(root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }
 
            }catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                InflateException ex =new InflateException(e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throwex;
            }catch (IOException e) {
                InflateException ex =new InflateException(
                        parser.getPositionDescription()
                        +": " + e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throwex;
            }finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] =null;
            }
 
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
 
            returnresult;
        }
    }</merge>

代码比较长,我们重点关注下面的代码
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if (root != null) {
                        if(DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: "+
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if(!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

这些代码的意思就是,当我们传进来的root参数不是空的时候,并且attachToRoot是false的时候,也就是上面的TwoActivity的实现方式的时候,会给temp设置一个LayoutParams参数。那么这个temp又是干嘛的呢?
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<pre name="code"class="java">// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if(root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }
 
                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if(root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }</pre><br>
<br>
<p></p>
<pre class="brush:java;"></pre>
<br>
现在应该明白了吧,当我们传进来的root不是null,并且第三个参数是false的时候,这个temp就被加入到了root中,并且把root当作最终的返回值返回了。而当我们设置root为空的时候,没有设置LayoutParams参数的temp对象,作为返回值返回了。
<p></p>
<p>因此,我们可以得出下面的结论:</p>
<p>1.若我们采用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list,
 null);方式填充视图,item布局中的根视图的layout_XX属性会被忽略掉,然后设置成默认的包裹内容方式</p>
<p>2.如果我们想保证item的视图中的参数不被改变,我们需要使用convertView
 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);这种方式进行视图的填充</p>
<p>3.除了使用这种方式,我们还可以设置item布局的根视图为包裹内容,然后设置内部控件的高度等属性,这样就不会修改显示方式了。</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>最后,给出那篇文章的链接http://blog.jobbole.com/72156/
大家可以去看看</p>                    
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