lvs2
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高可用集群+调度器
server1:
yum install -y ldirectord-3.9.5-3.1.x86_64.rpm 可以对后端rs状态进行健康检查
ipvsadm -C 刷掉之前的策略，利用集群资源中的脚本来实现调度
cp /usr/share/doc/ldirectord-3.9.5/ldirectord.cf /etc/ha.d/ 将ld文件加入到目录下
vim /etc/ha.d/ldirectord.cf ld的配置文件
virtual=172.25.31.100:80 ##定义lvs服务及其使用的vip和port real=172.25.31.2:80 gate ##定义realserver，也为80端口 real=172.25.31.3:80 gate fallback=127.0.0.1:80 gate ##如果调度rs失败，回切到本机做响应 service=http ##使用http服务 scheduler=rr ##调度算法为轮询 #persistent=600 ##持久连接超长时间 #netmask=255.255.255.255 protocol=tcp ##虚拟服务用到的协议 checktype=negotiate ##检查类型，协商 checkport=80 ##健康检查的端口 request="index.html" ##检查rs用到的页面内容# receive="Test Page"# virtualhost=www.x.y.z/etc/init.d/ldirectord start 开启ld服务
ipvsadm -l 查看ipvs表
/etc/init.d/httpd stop 将本机httpd停止
ip addr del 172.25.31.100/24 dev eth0 删除之前的vip
vim haresources 修改资源文件，加入lvs的健康检查
server1 IPaddr::172.25.31.100/24/eth0 httpd ldirectord ##资源组(vip ld httpd)scp haresources ldirectord.cf 172.25.31.4:/etc/ha.d/ 将资源组传给server4
/etc/init.d/heartbeat start 开启heartbeat
ipvsadm -l 查看是否接管了资源
server4：
yum install -y ldirectord-3.9.5-3.1.x86_64.rpm 下载ld,可以对后端rs状态进行健康检查
ll /etc/ha.d/ 查看资源组文件
/etc/init.d/heartbeat start 开启heartbeat
ipvsadm -l 查看ipvs表，查看资源的接管状态
测试：server2和server3的调度,和ld对rs的健康检查
server2: /etc/init.d/httpd stop 模拟后端rs故障
server3: /etc/init.d/httpd start
curl 172.25.31.100server3-www.westos.orgcurl 172.25.31.100server3-www.westos.orgserver2: /etc/init.d/httpd start 模拟后端rs恢复
curl 172.25.31.100server2-www.westos.orgcurl 172.25.31.100server3-www.westos.org测试: 资源的接管
server1: /etc/init.d/heartbeat stop 停止心跳
[kiosk@foundation31 Desktop]$ arp -an|grep 100 过滤100的主机arp缓存
? (172.25.31.100) at 52:54:00:b6:e0:73 [ether] on br0
[kiosk@foundation31 Desktop]$ arp -an|grep 100
? (172.25.31.100) at 52:54:00:2f:b1:55 [ether] on br0 server4已经接管到资源，可通过ip addr查看mac地址判断
keepalived
Keepalived – LVS管理软件
实现lvs+keepalived的高可用和负载均衡
server1(master):
/etc/init.d/heartbeat stop 停止heartbeat
chkconfig heartbeat off 开机不启动heartbeat
tar zxf keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz 解压缩包
yum install gcc -y 安装编译环境需要的依赖包
yum install openssl-devel -y
cd keepalived-1.3.5
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived –with-init=SYSV 指定安装目录，和运行级别
make && make install 编译执行安装
cd /usr/local/
scp -r keepalived/ server4:/usr/local/ 将下载好的keepalived目录传给server4
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/ 将keepalived主程序加入到环境变量
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/ /etc/
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ keepalived启动脚本变量引用文件
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ keepalived启动脚本，放到/etc/init.d/目录下就可以使用命令调用
chmod +x keepalived 加权限使脚本生效
cd /etc/keepalived/
vim keepalived.conf 配置在主负载均衡服务器上配置
global_defs { notification_email { ##指定keepalived在发生事情的时候，发送邮件告知 root@localhost ##指定为本地用户 } notification_email_from keepalived@server1 ##指定发件人 smtp_server 127.0.0.1 ##发送email的smtp地址 smtp_connect_timeout 30 ##超时时间 router_id LVS_DEVEL vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr vrrp_strict vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER ##指定当前节点为主节点 interface eth0 ##绑定虚拟IP的网络接口 virtual_router_id 82 ##VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须一样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组 priority 100##主节点的优先级（1-254之间），备用节点必须比主节点优先级低 advert_int 1 authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致 auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { #指定虚拟IP, 两个节点设置必须一样 172.25.31.100 }}virtual_server 172.25.31.100 80 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind DR ##DR模式# persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 172.25.31.2 80 { #配置realaserver weight 1 TCP_CHECK { #监控配置 connect_time 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 172.25.31.3 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_time 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3}}}/etc/init.d/keepalived start 启动keepalived服务
ip addr 查看vip是否在本机
tail -f /var/log/messages 监听日志，查看状态
scp keepalived.conf 172.25.31.4:/etc/keepalived/ 将主配置文件同步到server4备机上
ipvsadm -l 查看ipvs表，查看资源的接管状态
iptables -L 查看防火墙策略
iptables -F 由于版本问题，需刷掉自动生成的策略
server4(backup):
/etc/init.d/heartbeat stop 停止heartbeat
chkconfig heartbeat off 开机不启动heartbeat
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/ 同server1做软连接
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/ /etc/
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cd /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/
chmod +x keepalived 加权限使脚本生效
vim etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf BACKUP服务器配置
! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs { notification_email { root@localhost } notification_email_from keepalived@server4 ##指定keepalived在发生事情的时候，发送邮件告知 smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr vrrp_strict vrrp_garp_interval 0 vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP ##修改为BACKUP interface eth0 virtual_router_id 82 priority 50 ##优先级需低于master advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 172.25.31.100 }}virtual_server 172.25.31.100 80 { delay_loop 6 lb_algo rr lb_kind DR# persistence_timeout 50 protocol TCP real_server 172.25.31.2 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_time 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 } } real_server 172.25.31.3 80 { weight 1 TCP_CHECK { connect_time 3 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3}}}/etc/init.d/keepalived start 启动keepalived
ipvsadm -l 查看lvs状态
server2/3(RealServer):
/etc/init.d/httpd restart 将rs的httpd服务开启
测试：实现负载均衡
[root@foundation31 Desktop]# curl 172.25.31.100 ##发送http请求 server2-www.westos.org[root@foundation31 Desktop]# curl 172.25.31.100 ##发送http请求 server3-www.westos.org[root@foundation31 Desktop]# curl 172.25.31.100 ##发送http请求 server2-www.westos.org停server1(Master)服务器的keepalived服务，查看server4(BAKCUP)服务器是否能正常接管服务
[root@server1 keepalived]# ipvsadm -Ln ##查看master的lvs状态IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn[root@server4 ~]# ip addr1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:b6:e0:73 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.25.31.4/24 brd 172.25.31.255 scope global eth0 inet 172.25.31.100/32 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::5054:ff:feb6:e073/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@server4 ~]# ipvsadm -LnIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConnTCP 172.25.31.100:80 rr -> 172.25.31.2:80 Route 1 0 0 -> 172.25.31.3:80 Route 1 0 0 测试: 资源接管后的负载均衡
[root@foundation31 Desktop]# curl 172.25.31.100 server2-www.westos.org[root@foundation31 Desktop]# curl 172.25.31.100 server3-www.westos.org[root@foundation31 Desktop]# curl 172.25.31.100 server2-www.westos.org
