Ubuntu Bootup Howto

• UbuntuBootupHowto

 

 

    We need an explanation of the bootup-process here, This will become a doc then not a howto

 

 

Init scripts

 

[Note: Ubuntu is transitioning away from the sysv init system. See upstart.]

Init scripts are the scripts located in /etc/init.d. These scripts are part of the bootup sequence of Ubuntu. During boot, they are not called directly, but through a structure of symbolic links which manage the services which are to be started in a particular runlevel. The scripts which are symlinked from /etc/rcS.d are executed first. Then the scripts in /etc/rcN.d/ are executed, with N being the chosen runlevel (default 2).

TheLSB specifies some scripts that are used for displaying the output ofthe initscripts. To change how the init script's startup is displayedlook in to /lib/lsb/init-functions

 

Deactivating init-scripts

 

 

1. Method one: Deleting the rc*.d links

 

To deactivate a script (meaning that it will not be executed at bootup), remove the corresponding symlink from /etc/rc?.d. Do not use the update-rc.d command for this purpose! It is only used in package installation scripts, and not designed for this kind of runlevel management.

Some people on the mailinglist complained on boot-delays because of the NTP-Server sync. To remove this issue the following command:

    sudo rm /etc/rcS.d/S51ntpdate

 

• Problem:
  • Torestore the links with the right S?? or K?? values you have to look upthose values on another system or take a look at the deb-Packageinstall scripts ...

 

2. Method two: Use chmod to deactivate a service

 

A more straightforward way is to make the init script non-executable. You do that with the *chmod* command.

    sudo chmod -x /etc/init.d/myscript

 

After this the service will no longer be able to run.

Reactivate the service with:

    sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/myscript

 

• Problem

  • Now you'll get an error message at boot time saying that init can't execute /etc/init.d/myscript.

• Solution

  • To avoid this error msgs you have to modify the /etc/init.d/rc and the /etc/init.d/ scripts a bit. To do this simply download and apply the following diffs.

 

    cd /tmp
    wget http://www.ubuntulinux.org/wiki/rc.diff
    wget http://www.ubuntulinux.org/wiki/rcS.diff

    cd /etc/init.d
    sudo patch -p3 < /tmp/rc.diff
    sudo patch -p3 < /tmp/rcS.diff

 

 

3. Method three: Use sysvconfig to deactivate a service

 

The SysvconfigHowTo explains the installation and use of the sysvconfig utility.

 

Installing custom init-scripts

 

To install your own script, copy it to /etc/init.d, and make it executable.

    sudo cp myscript /etc/init.d
    sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/myscript

 

To make the script run at startup:

    sudo update-rc.d myscript start 51 S .

 

(Do not forget the dot: . )

For more information on the usage of update-rc.d

    man update-rc.d

 

 

List of init scripts

 

see InitScriptList

 

links

 

• http://www.wlug.org.nz/update-rc.d%288%29

• http://tinyurl.com/3lckz

• http://tinyurl.com/5dock

• http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-opersys.html#s-sysvinit

From EduardoSilva Sun Dec 5 19:28:02 +0000 2004 From: Eduardo Silva Date: Sun, 05 Dec 2004 19:28:02 +0000 Subject: Instead of removing the rc*.d links, move them Message-ID: <20041205192802+0000@https://www.ubuntulinux.org>

Instead of removing, I create a directory in my home dir, where I placed all the links I removed from the /etc/rc*.d

From GyorgyNemeth Sun Dec 26 13:39:38 +0000 2004 From: Gyorgy Nemeth Date: Sun, 26 Dec 2004 13:39:38 +0000 Subject: Instead of removing, renaming Message-ID: <20041226133938+0000@https://www.ubuntulinux.org>

IfI want to disable initscript temporarily, I simply rename it fromSxxname to sxxname (without capital) It doesn't start, and the startingorder information remains

From FabioMarzocca Sun Apr 17 16:32:45 +0100 2005 From: Fabio Marzocca Date: Sun, 17 Apr 2005 16:32:45 +0100 Subject: Message-ID: <20050417163245+0100@https://www.ubuntulinux.org>

Why don't simply use rcconf?? (apt-get install rcconf)

From Chia Thu Apr 21 03:41:09 +0100 2005 From: Chia Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2005 03:41:09 +0100 Subject: Message-ID: <[e-mail]>

Try sysv-rc-conf (text based) or ksysv (KDE based). sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

Try sysvconfig as well - it's also quite handy.

From JoostRingoot Fri May 6 10:33:57 +0100 2005 From: Joost Ringoot Date: Fri, 06 May 2005 10:33:57 +0100 Subject: runlevel with networking and without graphical interface? Message-ID: <[e-mail]>

Iwould like to have a runlevel with basic networksupport (and serviceslike ssh and sftp) but without the graphical interface. This is notimplemented in /etc/init.d/rcS

When I run: apt-get install rcconf

I get the message that rcconf package could not be found.

apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

tells me that the package is not available although another package points to it

I would like to put this runlevel in the (grub) bootmenu, so that I can choose it at boot and not need to chmod files.

suggestions are welcome.

From Chia Sat May 7 06:46:56 +0100 2005 From: Chia Date: Sat, 07 May 2005 06:46:56 +0100 Subject: Message-ID: <20050507064656+0100@https://www.ubuntulinux.org>

Toapt-get sysv-rc-conf, you need to enable universe in/etc/apt/sources.list ,for easy way to do it use synaptic ->settings -> repositories, or read the unofficial ubuntu starterguide at http://www.ubuntuguide.org/ . Also worth trying Boot-Up Manager: http://www.marzocca.net/linux/bum.html

CategoryDocumentation CategoryCleanup

 

原文：https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuBootupHowto