spring boot thymeleaf的使用

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thymeleaf用法详解

1. Thymeleaf简介à摘自官网

Thymeleaf是面向Web和独立环境的现代服务器端Java模板引擎，能够处理HTML，XML，JavaScript，CSS甚至纯文本。

Thymeleaf的主要目标是提供一个优雅和高度可维护的创建模板的方式。为了实现这一点，它建立在自然模板的概念上，将其逻辑注入到模板文件中，不会影响模板被用作设计原型。这改善了设计的沟通，弥合了设计和开发团队之间的差距。

Thymeleaf也从一开始就设计了Web标准 -特别是HTML5 -允许您创建完全验证的模板

2. Thymeleaf支持的模版

开箱即用的Thymeleaf可让您处理六种模板，每种模板称为模板模式：

有两种标记模板模式（HTML和XML），三个文本模板模式（TEXT，JAVASCRIPT和CSS）和无操作模板模式（RAW）

· HTML

· XML

· TEXT

· JAVASCRIPT

· CSS

· RAW

3. Thymeleaf优点

浏览器不仅可以正确显示这些信息，而且还可以（可选地）在浏览器中静态打开原型时显示的值（可选地）指定一个值属性（在这种情况下为“JamesCarrot”），将由${user.name}模板处理过程中的评估结果代替。

这有助于您的设计师和开发人员处理相同的模板文件，并减少将静态原型转换为工作模板文件所需的工作量。这样做的功能是称为自然模板的功能

4. Thymeleaf使用详解

4.1 读取外部属性文件中的文本，官网称之为：外部化文本

Thymeleaf中的外部化文本的位置是完全可配置的，它将取决于org.thymeleaf.messageresolver.IMessageResolver所使用的具体实现。通常，.properties将使用基于文件的实现，但是如果我们想要从数据库获取消息，我们可以创建自己的实现，标准消息解析器org.thymeleaf.messageresolver.StandardMessageResolver

标准消息解析器希望classpath:/templates/home.html在同一文件夹中的属性文件中找到与模板相同名称的消息，如：

classpath:/templates/home_en.properties 英文文本。

classpath:/templates/home_es.properties 用于西班牙语文本。

classpath:/templates/home_pt_BR.properties 用于葡萄牙语（巴西）语言文本。

classpath:/templates/home.properties 对于默认文本（如果语言环境不匹配）。

而我们采用的是springboot，spring采用的默认区域解析器是AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver，根据requestheader中的accept-language值来解析locale，并且是不可变的。那么想要实现国际化，就要使用SessionLocaleResolver或者CookieLocaleResolver。正如类的名字所示，是按session或cookie中储存的locale值来解析locale。

4.2 标准表达式语法介绍

· 简单表达式：

o 可变表达式： ${...}

o 选择变量表达式： *{...}

o 消息表达式： #{...}

o 链接网址表达式： @{...}

o 片段表达式： ~{...}

· 字面

o 文本文字：'one text'，'Another one!'，...

o 号码文字：0，34，3.0，12.3，...

o 布尔文字：true，false

o 空字面： null

o 文字标记：one，sometext，main，...

· 文字操作：

o 字符串连接： +

o 文字替代： |The nameis ${name}|

· 算术运算：

o 二元运算符：+，-，*，/，%

o 减号（一元运算符）： -

· 布尔运算：

o 二元运算符：and，or

o 布尔否定（一元运算符）： !，not

· 比较和平等：

o 比较：>，<，>=，<=（gt，lt，ge，le）

o 平等运营商：==，!=（eq，ne）

· 条件运算符：

o IF-THEN： (if) ?(then)

o IF-THEN-ELSE： (if) ?(then) : (else)

o 默认： (value) ?:(defaultvalue)

· 特殊令牌：

o 无操作： _

所有这些功能可以组合和嵌套：

'User is of type' + (${user.isAdmin()} ? 'Administrator' : (${user.type} ?: 'Unknown'))

4.3 表达式基本对象

· #ctx：上下文对象。

· #vars: 上下文变量。

· #locale：上下文区域设置。

· #request：（仅在Web上下文中）HttpServletRequest对象。

· #response：（仅在Web上下文中）HttpServletResponse对象。

· #session：（仅在Web上下文中）HttpSession对象。

· #servletContext：（仅在Web上下文中）ServletContext对象。

使用方式如下：

/* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.IContext * ====================================================================== */${#ctx.locale}${#ctx.variableNames}/* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.IWebContext * ====================================================================== */${#ctx.request}${#ctx.response}${#ctx.session}${#ctx.servletContext}

${#locale}

/* *param：用于检索请求参数。${param.foo}是一个请求参数String[]的值foo，所以${param.foo[0]}通常用于获取第一个值 * ============================================================================ * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.WebRequestParamsVariablesMap * ============================================================================ */${param.foo}              // Retrieves a String[] with the values of request parameter 'foo'${param.size()}${param.isEmpty()}${param.containsKey('foo')}/* *会话：用于检索会话属性。 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.WebSessionVariablesMap * ====================================================================== */${session.foo}                 // Retrieves the session atttribute 'foo'${session.size()}${session.isEmpty()}${session.containsKey('foo')}/* *应用程序：用于检索应用程序/ servlet上下文属性。 * ============================================================================= * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.context.WebServletContextVariablesMap * ============================================================================= */${application.foo}              // Retrieves the ServletContext atttribute 'foo'${application.size()}${application.isEmpty()}${application.containsKey('foo')}/* *#request：直接访问javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest与当前请求相关联的对象。 */  ${#request.getAttribute('foo')}${#request.getParameter('foo')}${#request.getContextPath()}${#request.getRequestName()}/* *#session：直接访问javax.servlet.http.HttpSession与当前请求相关联的对象。 *${#session.getAttribute('foo')} */  ${#session.getAttribute('foo')}${#session.id}${#session.lastAccessedTime}/* *#servletContext：直接访问javax.servlet.ServletContext与当前请求相关联的对象。 */  ${#servletContext.getAttribute('foo')}${#servletContext.contextPath}

4.4 表达式内置对象

· #execInfo：有关正在处理的模板的信息。

· #messages：在变量表达式中获取外部化消息的方法，与使用＃{...}语法获得的方式相同。

· #uris：转义URL / URI部分的方法

· #conversions：执行配置的转换服务（如果有）的方法。

· #dates：java.util.Date对象的方法：格式化，组件提取等

· #calendars：类似于#dates但是java.util.Calendar对象。

· #numbers：用于格式化数字对象的方法。

· #strings：String对象的方法：contains，startsWith，prepending / appending等

· #objects：一般对象的方法。

· #bools：布尔评估的方法。

· #arrays：数组方法。

· #lists：列表的方法。

· #sets：集合的方法。

· #maps：地图方法。

· #aggregates：在数组或集合上创建聚合的方法。

· #ids：处理可能重复的id属性的方法（例如，作为迭代的结果）。

使用方式如下：

/* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.ExecutionInfo * ====================================================================== *//* * Return the name and mode of the 'leaf' template. This means the template * from where the events being processed were parsed. So if this piece of * code is not in the root template "A" but on a fragment being inserted * into "A" from another template called "B", this will return "B" as a * name, and B's mode as template mode. */${#execInfo.templateName}${#execInfo.templateMode}/* * Return the name and mode of the 'root' template. This means the template * that the template engine was originally asked to process. So if this * piece of code is not in the root template "A" but on a fragment being * inserted into "A" from another template called "B", this will still  * return "A" and A's template mode. */${#execInfo.processedTemplateName}${#execInfo.processedTemplateMode}/* *#execInfo：表达式对象，提供有关在Thymeleaf标准表达式中处理的模板的有用信息。 * Return the stacks (actually, List or List) of * templates being processed. The first element will be the  * 'processedTemplate' (the root one), the last one will be the 'leaf' * template, and in the middle all the fragments inserted in nested * manner to reach the leaf from the root will appear. */${#execInfo.templateNames}${#execInfo.templateModes}/* * Return the stack of templates being processed similarly (and in the * same order) to 'templateNames' and 'templateModes', but returning * a List with the full template metadata. */${#execInfo.templateStack}

/* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Messages * ====================================================================== *//* * Obtain externalized messages. Can receive a single key, a key plus arguments, * or an array/list/set of keys (in which case it will return an array/list/set of  * externalized messages). * If a message is not found, a default message (like '??msgKey??') is returned. */${#messages.msg('msgKey')}${#messages.msg('msgKey', param1)}${#messages.msg('msgKey', param1, param2)}${#messages.msg('msgKey', param1, param2, param3)}${#messages.msgWithParams('msgKey', new Object[] {param1, param2, param3, param4})}${#messages.arrayMsg(messageKeyArray)}${#messages.listMsg(messageKeyList)}${#messages.setMsg(messageKeySet)}/* *#messages：用于在变量表达式中获取外部化消息的实用方法，与使用#{...}语法获得的方式相同。 * Obtain externalized messages or null. Null is returned instead of a default * message if a message for the specified key is not found. */${#messages.msgOrNull('msgKey')}${#messages.msgOrNull('msgKey', param1)}${#messages.msgOrNull('msgKey', param1, param2)}${#messages.msgOrNull('msgKey', param1, param2, param3)}${#messages.msgOrNullWithParams('msgKey', new Object[] {param1, param2, param3, param4})}${#messages.arrayMsgOrNull(messageKeyArray)}${#messages.listMsgOrNull(messageKeyList)}${#messages.setMsgOrNull(messageKeySet)}

/* *#uris：用于在Thymeleaf标准表达式中执行URI / URL操作（尤其是转义/取消转义）的实用程序对象。 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Uris * ====================================================================== *//* * Escape/Unescape as a URI/URL path */${#uris.escapePath(uri)}${#uris.escapePath(uri, encoding)}${#uris.unescapePath(uri)}${#uris.unescapePath(uri, encoding)}/* * Escape/Unescape as a URI/URL path segment (between '/' symbols) */${#uris.escapePathSegment(uri)}${#uris.escapePathSegment(uri, encoding)}${#uris.unescapePathSegment(uri)}${#uris.unescapePathSegment(uri, encoding)}/* * Escape/Unescape as a Fragment Identifier (#frag) */${#uris.escapeFragmentId(uri)}${#uris.escapeFragmentId(uri, encoding)}${#uris.unescapeFragmentId(uri)}${#uris.unescapeFragmentId(uri, encoding)}/* * Escape/Unescape as a Query Parameter (?var=value) */${#uris.escapeQueryParam(uri)}${#uris.escapeQueryParam(uri, encoding)}${#uris.unescapeQueryParam(uri)}${#uris.unescapeQueryParam(uri, encoding)}

/* *#conversions：允许在模板任意位置执行转换服务的实用程序对象： * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Conversions * ====================================================================== *//* * Execute the desired conversion of the 'object' value into the * specified class. */${#conversions.convert(object, 'java.util.TimeZone')}${#conversions.convert(object, targetClass)}

/* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Calendars * ====================================================================== *//* * Format calendar with the standard locale format * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#calendars.format(cal)}${#calendars.arrayFormat(calArray)}${#calendars.listFormat(calList)}${#calendars.setFormat(calSet)}/* * Format calendar with the ISO8601 format * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#calendars.formatISO(cal)}${#calendars.arrayFormatISO(calArray)}${#calendars.listFormatISO(calList)}${#calendars.setFormatISO(calSet)}/* * Format calendar with the specified pattern * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#calendars.format(cal, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}${#calendars.arrayFormat(calArray, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}${#calendars.listFormat(calList, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}${#calendars.setFormat(calSet, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}/* * Obtain calendar properties * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#calendars.day(date)}                // also arrayDay(...), listDay(...), etc.${#calendars.month(date)}              // also arrayMonth(...), listMonth(...), etc.${#calendars.monthName(date)}          // also arrayMonthName(...), listMonthName(...), etc.${#calendars.monthNameShort(date)}     // also arrayMonthNameShort(...), listMonthNameShort(...), etc.${#calendars.year(date)}               // also arrayYear(...), listYear(...), etc.${#calendars.dayOfWeek(date)}          // also arrayDayOfWeek(...), listDayOfWeek(...), etc.${#calendars.dayOfWeekName(date)}      // also arrayDayOfWeekName(...), listDayOfWeekName(...), etc.${#calendars.dayOfWeekNameShort(date)} // also arrayDayOfWeekNameShort(...), listDayOfWeekNameShort(...), etc.${#calendars.hour(date)}               // also arrayHour(...), listHour(...), etc.${#calendars.minute(date)}             // also arrayMinute(...), listMinute(...), etc.${#calendars.second(date)}             // also arraySecond(...), listSecond(...), etc.${#calendars.millisecond(date)}        // also arrayMillisecond(...), listMillisecond(...), etc./* * Create calendar (java.util.Calendar) objects from its components */${#calendars.create(year,month,day)}${#calendars.create(year,month,day,hour,minute)}${#calendars.create(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)}${#calendars.create(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,millisecond)}${#calendars.createForTimeZone(year,month,day,timeZone)}${#calendars.createForTimeZone(year,month,day,hour,minute,timeZone)}${#calendars.createForTimeZone(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,timeZone)}${#calendars.createForTimeZone(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,millisecond,timeZone)}/* * Create a calendar (java.util.Calendar) object for the current date and time */${#calendars.createNow()}${#calendars.createNowForTimeZone()}/* * Create a calendar (java.util.Calendar) object for the current date (time set to 00:00) */${#calendars.createToday()}${#calendars.createTodayForTimeZone()}

/* *#dates：java.util.Date对象的实用程序方法： * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Dates * ====================================================================== *//* * Format date with the standard locale format * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#dates.format(date)}${#dates.arrayFormat(datesArray)}${#dates.listFormat(datesList)}${#dates.setFormat(datesSet)}/* * Format date with the ISO8601 format * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#dates.formatISO(date)}${#dates.arrayFormatISO(datesArray)}${#dates.listFormatISO(datesList)}${#dates.setFormatISO(datesSet)}/* * Format date with the specified pattern * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#dates.format(date, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}${#dates.arrayFormat(datesArray, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}${#dates.listFormat(datesList, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}${#dates.setFormat(datesSet, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}/* * Obtain date properties * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#dates.day(date)}                    // also arrayDay(...), listDay(...), etc.${#dates.month(date)}                  // also arrayMonth(...), listMonth(...), etc.${#dates.monthName(date)}              // also arrayMonthName(...), listMonthName(...), etc.${#dates.monthNameShort(date)}         // also arrayMonthNameShort(...), listMonthNameShort(...), etc.${#dates.year(date)}                   // also arrayYear(...), listYear(...), etc.${#dates.dayOfWeek(date)}              // also arrayDayOfWeek(...), listDayOfWeek(...), etc.${#dates.dayOfWeekName(date)}          // also arrayDayOfWeekName(...), listDayOfWeekName(...), etc.${#dates.dayOfWeekNameShort(date)}     // also arrayDayOfWeekNameShort(...), listDayOfWeekNameShort(...), etc.${#dates.hour(date)}                   // also arrayHour(...), listHour(...), etc.${#dates.minute(date)}                 // also arrayMinute(...), listMinute(...), etc.${#dates.second(date)}                 // also arraySecond(...), listSecond(...), etc.${#dates.millisecond(date)}            // also arrayMillisecond(...), listMillisecond(...), etc./* * Create date (java.util.Date) objects from its components */${#dates.create(year,month,day)}${#dates.create(year,month,day,hour,minute)}${#dates.create(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)}${#dates.create(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,millisecond)}/* * Create a date (java.util.Date) object for the current date and time */${#dates.createNow()}${#dates.createNowForTimeZone()}/* * Create a date (java.util.Date) object for the current date (time set to 00:00) */${#dates.createToday()}${#dates.createTodayForTimeZone()}

/*#numbers：数字对象的实用程序方法：*//* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Numbers * ====================================================================== *//* * ========================== * Formatting integer numbers * ========================== *//*  * Set minimum integer digits. * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#numbers.formatInteger(num,3)}${#numbers.arrayFormatInteger(numArray,3)}${#numbers.listFormatInteger(numList,3)}${#numbers.setFormatInteger(numSet,3)}/*  * Set minimum integer digits and thousands separator:  * 'POINT', 'COMMA', 'WHITESPACE', 'NONE' or 'DEFAULT' (by locale). * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#numbers.formatInteger(num,3,'POINT')}${#numbers.arrayFormatInteger(numArray,3,'POINT')}${#numbers.listFormatInteger(numList,3,'POINT')}${#numbers.setFormatInteger(numSet,3,'POINT')}/* * ========================== * Formatting decimal numbers * ========================== *//* * Set minimum integer digits and (exact) decimal digits. * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#numbers.formatDecimal(num,3,2)}${#numbers.arrayFormatDecimal(numArray,3,2)}${#numbers.listFormatDecimal(numList,3,2)}${#numbers.setFormatDecimal(numSet,3,2)}/* * Set minimum integer digits and (exact) decimal digits, and also decimal separator. * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#numbers.formatDecimal(num,3,2,'COMMA')}${#numbers.arrayFormatDecimal(numArray,3,2,'COMMA')}${#numbers.listFormatDecimal(numList,3,2,'COMMA')}${#numbers.setFormatDecimal(numSet,3,2,'COMMA')}/* * Set minimum integer digits and (exact) decimal digits, and also thousands and  * decimal separator. * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#numbers.formatDecimal(num,3,'POINT',2,'COMMA')}${#numbers.arrayFormatDecimal(numArray,3,'POINT',2,'COMMA')}${#numbers.listFormatDecimal(numList,3,'POINT',2,'COMMA')}${#numbers.setFormatDecimal(numSet,3,'POINT',2,'COMMA')}/*  * ===================== * Formatting currencies * ===================== */${#numbers.formatCurrency(num)}${#numbers.arrayFormatCurrency(numArray)}${#numbers.listFormatCurrency(numList)}${#numbers.setFormatCurrency(numSet)}/*  * ====================== * Formatting percentages * ====================== */${#numbers.formatPercent(num)}${#numbers.arrayFormatPercent(numArray)}${#numbers.listFormatPercent(numList)}${#numbers.setFormatPercent(numSet)}/*  * Set minimum integer digits and (exact) decimal digits. */${#numbers.formatPercent(num, 3, 2)}${#numbers.arrayFormatPercent(numArray, 3, 2)}${#numbers.listFormatPercent(numList, 3, 2)}${#numbers.setFormatPercent(numSet, 3, 2)}/* * =============== * Utility methods * =============== *//* * Create a sequence (array) of integer numbers going * from x to y */${#numbers.sequence(from,to)}${#numbers.sequence(from,to,step)}

/*#strings：String对象的实用程序方法：*//* * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Strings * ====================================================================== *//* * Null-safe toString() */${#strings.toString(obj)}                           // also array*, list* and set*/* * Check whether a String is empty (or null). Performs a trim() operation before check * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.isEmpty(name)}${#strings.arrayIsEmpty(nameArr)}${#strings.listIsEmpty(nameList)}${#strings.setIsEmpty(nameSet)}/* * Perform an 'isEmpty()' check on a string and return it if false, defaulting to * another specified string if true. * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.defaultString(text,default)}${#strings.arrayDefaultString(textArr,default)}${#strings.listDefaultString(textList,default)}${#strings.setDefaultString(textSet,default)}/* * Check whether a fragment is contained in a String * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.contains(name,'ez')}                     // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.containsIgnoreCase(name,'ez')}           // also array*, list* and set*/* * Check whether a String starts or ends with a fragment * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.startsWith(name,'Don')}                  // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.endsWith(name,endingFragment)}           // also array*, list* and set*/* * Substring-related operations * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.indexOf(name,frag)}                      // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.substring(name,3,5)}                     // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.substringAfter(name,prefix)}             // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.substringBefore(name,suffix)}            // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.replace(name,'las','ler')}               // also array*, list* and set*/* * Append and prepend * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.prepend(str,prefix)}                     // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.append(str,suffix)}                      // also array*, list* and set*/* * Change case * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.toUpperCase(name)}                       // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.toLowerCase(name)}                       // also array*, list* and set*/* * Split and join */${#strings.arrayJoin(namesArray,',')}${#strings.listJoin(namesList,',')}${#strings.setJoin(namesSet,',')}${#strings.arraySplit(namesStr,',')}                // returns String[]${#strings.listSplit(namesStr,',')}                 // returns List${#strings.setSplit(namesStr,',')}                  // returns Set/* * Trim * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.trim(str)}                               // also array*, list* and set*/* * Compute length * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.length(str)}                             // also array*, list* and set*/* * Abbreviate text making it have a maximum size of n. If text is bigger, it * will be clipped and finished in "..." * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#strings.abbreviate(str,10)}                      // also array*, list* and set*/* * Convert the first character to upper-case (and vice-versa) */${#strings.capitalize(str)}                         // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.unCapitalize(str)}                       // also array*, list* and set*/* * Convert the first character of every word to upper-case */${#strings.capitalizeWords(str)}                    // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.capitalizeWords(str,delimiters)}         // also array*, list* and set*/* * Escape the string */${#strings.escapeXml(str)}                          // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.escapeJava(str)}                         // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.escapeJavaScript(str)}                   // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.unescapeJava(str)}                       // also array*, list* and set*${#strings.unescapeJavaScript(str)}                 // also array*, list* and set*/* * Null-safe comparison and concatenation */${#strings.equals(first, second)}${#strings.equalsIgnoreCase(first, second)}${#strings.concat(values...)}${#strings.concatReplaceNulls(nullValue, values...)}/* * Random */${#strings.randomAlphanumeric(count)}

/* *#objects：一般对象的实用程序方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Objects * ====================================================================== *//* * Return obj if it is not null, and default otherwise * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#objects.nullSafe(obj,default)}${#objects.arrayNullSafe(objArray,default)}${#objects.listNullSafe(objList,default)}${#objects.setNullSafe(objSet,default)}

/* *#bools：布尔评估的实用程序方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Bools * ====================================================================== *//* * Evaluate a condition in the same way that it would be evaluated in a th:if tag * (see conditional evaluation chapter afterwards). * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#bools.isTrue(obj)}${#bools.arrayIsTrue(objArray)}${#bools.listIsTrue(objList)}${#bools.setIsTrue(objSet)}/* * Evaluate with negation * Also works with arrays, lists or sets */${#bools.isFalse(cond)}${#bools.arrayIsFalse(condArray)}${#bools.listIsFalse(condList)}${#bools.setIsFalse(condSet)}/* * Evaluate and apply AND operator * Receive an array, a list or a set as parameter */${#bools.arrayAnd(condArray)}${#bools.listAnd(condList)}${#bools.setAnd(condSet)}/* * Evaluate and apply OR operator * Receive an array, a list or a set as parameter */${#bools.arrayOr(condArray)}${#bools.listOr(condList)}${#bools.setOr(condSet)}

/* *#arrays：数组的实用方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Arrays * ====================================================================== *//* * Converts to array, trying to infer array component class. * Note that if resulting array is empty, or if the elements * of the target object are not all of the same class, * this method will return Object[]. */${#arrays.toArray(object)}/* * Convert to arrays of the specified component class. */${#arrays.toStringArray(object)}${#arrays.toIntegerArray(object)}${#arrays.toLongArray(object)}${#arrays.toDoubleArray(object)}${#arrays.toFloatArray(object)}${#arrays.toBooleanArray(object)}/* * Compute length */${#arrays.length(array)}/* * Check whether array is empty */${#arrays.isEmpty(array)}/* * Check if element or elements are contained in array */${#arrays.contains(array, element)}${#arrays.containsAll(array, elements)}

/* *#lists：列表的实用程序方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Lists * ====================================================================== *//* * Converts to list */${#lists.toList(object)}/* * Compute size */${#lists.size(list)}/* * Check whether list is empty */${#lists.isEmpty(list)}/* * Check if element or elements are contained in list */${#lists.contains(list, element)}${#lists.containsAll(list, elements)}/* * Sort a copy of the given list. The members of the list must implement * comparable or you must define a comparator. */${#lists.sort(list)}${#lists.sort(list, comparator)}

/* *#sets：集合的实用方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Sets * ====================================================================== *//* * Converts to set */${#sets.toSet(object)}/* * Compute size */${#sets.size(set)}/* * Check whether set is empty */${#sets.isEmpty(set)}/* * Check if element or elements are contained in set */${#sets.contains(set, element)}${#sets.containsAll(set, elements)}

/* *#maps：地图的实用方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Maps * ====================================================================== *//* * Compute size */${#maps.size(map)}/* * Check whether map is empty */${#maps.isEmpty(map)}/* * Check if key/s or value/s are contained in maps */${#maps.containsKey(map, key)}${#maps.containsAllKeys(map, keys)}${#maps.containsValue(map, value)}${#maps.containsAllValues(map, value)}

/* *#aggregates：在数组或集合上创建聚合的实用方法 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Aggregates * ====================================================================== *//* * Compute sum. Returns null if array or collection is empty */${#aggregates.sum(array)}${#aggregates.sum(collection)}/* * Compute average. Returns null if array or collection is empty */${#aggregates.avg(array)}${#aggregates.avg(collection)}

/* *#ids：处理id可能重复的属性的实用方法（例如，作为迭代的结果）。 * ====================================================================== * See javadoc API for class org.thymeleaf.expression.Ids * ====================================================================== *//* * Normally used in th:id attributes, for appending a counter to the id attribute value * so that it remains unique even when involved in an iteration process. */${#ids.seq('someId')}/* * Normally used in th:for attributes in  tags, so that these labels can refer to Ids * generated by means if the #ids.seq(...) function. * * Depending on whether the  goes before or after the element with the #ids.seq(...) * function, the "next" (label goes before "seq") or the "prev" function (label goes after  * "seq") function should be called. */${#ids.next('someId')}${#ids.prev('someId')}

4.5 选择表达式（星号语法）

不仅可以将变量表达式写为${...}，也可以写为*{...}。

有一个重要的区别：星号语法评估所选对象而不是整个上下文的表达式。也就是说，只要没有选定的对象，美元和星号语法就会完全相同。

什么是选定对象？使用th:object属性的表达式的结果。我们在用户个人资料（userprofile.html）页面中使用一个：

<divth:object="${session.user}">

Name: <spanth:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian.

Surname: <spanth:text="*{lastName}">Pepper.

Nationality: <spanth:text="*{nationality}">Saturn.

</div>

这完全相当于：

<div>

Name: <spanth:text="${session.user.firstName}">Sebastian.

Surname: <spanth:text="${session.user.lastName}">Pepper.

Nationality: <spanth:text="${session.user.nationality}">Saturn.

</div>

当然，美元和星号的语法可以混合使用：

<divth:object="${session.user}">

Name: <spanth:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian.

Surname: <spanth:text="${session.user.lastName}">Pepper.

Nationality: <spanth:text="*{nationality}">Saturn.

</div>

当对象选择到位时，所选对象也将作为#object表达式变量使用美元表达式：

<divth:object="${session.user}">

Name: <spanth:text="${#object.firstName}">Sebastian.

Surname: <spanth:text="${session.user.lastName}">Pepper.

Nationality: <spanth:text="*{nationality}">Saturn.

</div>

如上所述，如果没有执行对象选择，则美元和星号语法是等效的。

<div>

Name: <spanth:text="*{session.user.name}">Sebastian.

Surname: <spanth:text="*{session.user.surname}">Pepper.

Nationality: <spanth:text="*{session.user.nationality}">Saturn.

</div>

4.6 URL链接

@{...}

<ahref="details.html"

th:href="@{http://localhost:8080/gtvg/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>

<ahref="details.html"th:href="@{/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>

<ahref="details.html"th:href="@{/order/{orderId}/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>

· 如果需要几个参数，这些参数将以逗号分隔： @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}

5.实际例子，代码如下，分为server与web

pom引入

登录页面

read from properties

    © 2016

欢迎界面 Welcome to the index,hello

body!

----- read from properties ----------

read from properties

变量替换：

变量替换

字符串部分替换-写法1：字符串部分替换-写法1
字符串部分替换-写法2：字符串部分替换-写法2
-----url用法------ 相对路径-->通常不推荐这样写登录页面绝对路径登录页面绝对路径欢迎页面 url带有一个参数欢迎页面 url带有多个参数欢迎页面 url路径中带有参数-->restful风格欢迎页面 url路径中和?后边带有参数-->restful风格与?&传参混合欢迎页面
-----字符串用法------ 部分字符串替换-写法1 欢迎页面部分字符串替换-写法2 欢迎页面
-----运算符用法------ 运算符用法1 this is abc444 运算符用法1 this is bcd 运算符用法2 this is true 运算符用法3 this is false
-----循环用法1 非空集合------ INDEX NAME USERNAME PASSWORD index Onions 111 ***
-----循环用法2 空集合，判断为空则整体表格不显示------ NAME USERNAME PASSWORD Onions 111 ***
-----switch 用法，相当于jstl的choose when 默认属性default可以用*表示：------

User is an administrator

User`s username equals the name

User is some other thing

-----Utility对象（内置于Context中）：------ -----#dates：------

-----#strings：------

-----ajax 动态获取数据：------ INDEX NAME USERNAME PASSWORD index Onions 111 ***
-----页面布局引用：------

注明：1.参考资料：http://www.thymeleaf.org/

2.th:unless于th:if恰好相反，只有表达式中的条件不成立，才会显示其内容。

3.iterStat称作状态变量，属性有：

index:当前迭代对象的index（从0开始计算）
count: 当前迭代对象的index(从1开始计算)
size:被迭代对象的大小
current:当前迭代变量
even/odd:布尔值，当前循环是否是偶数/奇数（从0开始计算）
first:布尔值，当前循环是否是第一个
last:布尔值，当前循环是否是最后一个

4.资源文件的约定目录结构

Maven的资源文件目录：/src/java/resources 

spring-boot项目静态文件目录：/src/java/resources/static 

spring-boot项目模板文件目录：/src/java/resources/templates 

spring-boot静态首页的支持，即index.html放在以下目录结构会直接映射到应用的根目录下

5.在表达式中的值可以与进行比较>，<，>=和<=符号，以及==和!=运营商可以被用来检查是否相等（或缺乏）。需要注意的是XML建立了<和>符号不应该在属性值被使用，并且因此他们应该被取代&lt;和&gt;

6.src/main/webapp如果您的应用程序将被打包为jar，请不要使用该目录。虽然这个目录是一个通用的标准，但它只适用于战争包装，如果生成一个jar，它将被绝大多数构建工具忽略（默认情况下，Spring Boot将从类路径或根目录中的/static（ /public或/resources或/META-INF/resources）目录中提供静态内容ServletContext。它使用ResourceHttpRequestHandler从Spring MVC，所以你可以通过添加自己WebMvcConfigurerAdapter和覆盖该 addResourceHandlers方法来修改这种行为。）

7.当您使用默认配置的其中一个模板引擎时，您的模板将自动从中提取src/main/resources/templates
8. 模版文件位置可自行配置，如下图所示：

附录：给属性赋值：这些属性有很多属性，每个都针对特定的HTML5属性：
th:abbrth:acceptth:accept-charsetth:accesskeyth:actionth:alignth:altth:archiveth:audioth:autocompleteth:axisth:backgroundth:bgcolorth:borderth:cellpaddingth:cellspacingth:challengeth:charsetth:citeth:classth:classidth:codebaseth:codetypeth:colsth:colspanth:compactth:contentth:contenteditableth:contextmenuth:datath:datetimeth:dirth:draggableth:dropzoneth:enctypeth:forth:formth:formactionth:formenctypeth:formmethodth:formtargetth:fragmentth:frameth:frameborderth:headersth:heightth:highth:hrefth:hreflangth:hspaceth:http-equivth:iconth:idth:inlineth:keytypeth:kindth:labelth:langth:listth:longdescth:lowth:manifestth:marginheightth:marginwidthth:maxth:maxlengthth:mediath:methodth:minth:nameth:onabortth:onafterprintth:onbeforeprintth:onbeforeunloadth:onblurth:oncanplayth:oncanplaythroughth:onchangeth:onclickth:oncontextmenuth:ondblclickth:ondragth:ondragendth:ondragenterth:ondragleaveth:ondragoverth:ondragstartth:ondropth:ondurationchangeth:onemptiedth:onendedth:onerrorth:onfocusth:onformchangeth:onforminputth:onhashchangeth:oninputth:oninvalidth:onkeydownth:onkeypressth:onkeyupth:onloadth:onloadeddatath:onloadedmetadatath:onloadstartth:onmessageth:onmousedownth:onmousemoveth:onmouseoutth:onmouseoverth:onmouseupth:onmousewheelth:onofflineth:ononlineth:onpauseth:onplayth:onplayingth:onpopstateth:onprogressth:onratechangeth:onreadystatechangeth:onredoth:onresetth:onresizeth:onscrollth:onseekedth:onseekingth:onselectth:onshowth:onstalledth:onstorageth:onsubmitth:onsuspendth:ontimeupdateth:onundoth:onunloadth:onvolumechangeth:onwaitingth:optimumth:patternth:placeholderth:posterth:preloadth:radiogroupth:relth:revth:rowsth:rowspanth:rulesth:sandboxth:schemeth:scopeth:scrollingth:sizeth:sizesth:spanth:spellcheckth:srcth:srclangth:standbyth:startth:stepth:styleth:summaryth:tabindexth:targetth:titleth:typeth:usemapth:valueth:valuetypeth:vspaceth:widthth:wrapth:xmlbaseth:xmllangth:xmlspace
标准方言中存在以下固定值布尔属性：
th:asyncth:autofocusth:autoplayth:checkedth:controlsth:declareth:defaultth:deferth:disabledth:formnovalidateth:hiddenth:ismapth:loopth:multipleth:novalidateth:nowrapth:openth:pubdateth:readonlyth:requiredth:reversedth:scopedth:seamlessth:selected
5.6设置任何属性的值（默认属性处理器）
Thymeleaf提供了一个默认属性处理器，允许我们设置任何属性的值，即使th:*在标准方言中没有为其定义特定的处理器。
所以这样的东西：
<spanth:whatever="${user.name}">...</span>
将导致：
<spanwhatever="John Apricot">...</span>


可迭代的值
该java.util.List班是不是可以用于Thymeleaf迭代onlyvalue。有一组相当完整的对象被一个属性认为可迭代th:each：
任何对象实现 java.util.Iterable
任何对象实现java.util.Enumeration。
任何实现的对象java.util.Iterator，其值将被迭代器返回，而不需要在内存中缓存所有值。
任何对象实现java.util.Map。迭代映射时，迭代变量将是类java.util.Map.Entry。
任何数组。
任何其他对象将被视为包含对象本身的单值列表。
所以，所有的Thymeleaf属性定义一个数字优先级，它确定在标签中执行它们的顺序。这个订单是：
订购特征属性1片段包含th:insert
th:replace2片段迭代th:each3有条件的评估th:if
th:unless
th:switch
th:case4局部变量定义th:object
th:with五一般属性修改th:attr
th:attrprepend
th:attrappend6具体属性修改th:value
th:href
th:src
...7文本（标签体修改）th:text
th:utext8片段规范th:fragment9片段去除th:remove

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