linux基本命令及操作11（pxe）

 pxe安装

安装时所需要的软件：
  system-config-kickstart            ##自动应答脚本制作工具
  syslinux                                       ##获得pxelinux.0文件安装包
  dhcp                                            ##分配ip给客户机的服务
  tftp-server                                   ##提供tftp协议的服务

  httpd                                            ##安装源共享服务

yum install ...... -y 分别下载

自动安装原理：

1.客户机从自己的pxe网卡启动，向本网络中的DHCP服务器索取IP

2.DHCP服务器返回分给客户机IP

3.客户机向本网络中的TFTP服务器索取文件

4.客户机取得bootstrap文件之后执行引导文件完成引导

5.读取配置文件，通过TFTP服务器加载内核和文件系统

6.进入安装画面。此时可以通过选择HTTP方式进行安装

1.配置yum源

在此需要将源文件挂载在/var/www/html/rhel7.2下

配置yum源指向

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo

关闭火墙，打开http服务

systemctl  stop  firewalld.service

systemctl  start  httpd.service

在浏览器查看已经挂载成功

2.配置dhcp服务

vim  /etc/dhcpd/dhcp.conf

填写域名和dhcp共享服务的IP地址，删掉文件37行以后的内容

开启dhcpd服务并查看状态

3. 配置system-congfig-kickstart 自动应答脚本制作工具

yum install system-congfig-kickstart

system-congfig-kickstart 启动

(1)填写root密码

（2）填写http协议

3.进行分区

/boot 200M

swap 500M

剩下的都给/

配置DHCP服务

设置开机不启动

保存在file system/var/www/html

vim /var/www/html/ks.cfg  配置ks.cfg文件

测试

vim /bin/install.sh

配置tftp文件服务

ption domain-name "example.com";            ##域名

option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.79;        ##dns
default-lease-time 600;                    ##默认租约期
max-lease-time 7200;                    ##最长租约期
log-facility local7;                    ##日志级别
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {        ##网段，子网掩码
  range 192.168.0.102 192.168.0.111;            ##地址范围
  option routers 192.168.0.254;                ##网关
  filename "pxelinux.0";                ##pxe启动程序
  next-server 192.168.0.79;                ##tftp主机地址
}
systemctl restart dhcpd
systemctl stop firewalld

No.2 SED CONFIG TFTP
config /etc/xinetd.d/tftp like this:
service tftp
{
        socket_type        = dgram
        protocol              = udp
        wait                     = yes
        user                    = root
        server                 = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args        = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                = <<<<<<<<<yes--->no>>>>>>
        per_source         = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}
systemctl restart xinetd

No.3 TRD MAKE SOME FILES AND PXEWORKDIRECTORY
1)
cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
mkdir pxelinux.cfg
2)
mount the iso of the rhel7
cp isolinux/* /var/lib/tftpboot
3)
cp /var/lib/tftpboot/isolinux.cfg   /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
4)
make a userfully install source and kickstart,my of this is in the ftp's pub
ftp://192.168.0.252/pub/rhel6
ftp://192.168.0.252/pub/ks.cfg
5)
config the file of /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default like this:
========================================================================================
default vesamenu.c32
timeout 600                        ##等待时间

display boot.msg

# Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displayed.
# For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed without
# the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode.
menu clear
menu background splash.png
menu title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0            ##大标题
menu vshift 8
menu rows 18
menu margin 8
#menu hidden
menu helpmsgrow 15
menu tabmsgrow 13

# Border Area
menu color border * #00000000 #00000000 none

# Selected item
menu color sel 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none

# Title bar
menu color title 0 #ff7ba3d0 #00000000 none

# Press [Tab] message
menu color tabmsg 0 #ff3a6496 #00000000 none

# Unselected menu item
menu color unsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none

# Selected hotkey
menu color hotsel 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none

# Unselected hotkey
menu color hotkey 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none

# Help text
menu color help 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none

# A scrollbar of some type? Not sure.
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #ff355594 none

# Timeout msg
menu color timeout 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none
menu color timeout_msg 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none

# Command prompt text
menu color cmdmark 0 #84b8ffff #00000000 none
menu color cmdline 0 #ffffffff #00000000 none

# Do not display the actual menu unless the user presses a key. All that is displayed is a timeout message.

menu tabmsg Press Tab for full configuration options on menu items.

menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line

label linux
  menu label ^Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0            ##小标题
   menu default                                ##默认标题设定
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img repo=http://172.25.254.100/soucre ks=http://172.25.254.100/ks.cfg    ##安装源和ks

label check
  menu label Test this ^media & install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0
  #menu default
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-7.0\x20Server.x86_64 rd.live.check quiet

menu separator # insert an empty line

# utilities submenu
menu begin ^Troubleshooting
  menu title Troubleshooting

label vesa
  menu indent count 5
  menu label Install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 in ^basic graphics mode
  text help
    Try this option out if you're having trouble installing
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0.
  endtext
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-7.0\x20Server.x86_64 xdriver=vesa nomodeset quiet

label rescue
  menu indent count 5
  menu label ^Rescue a Red Hat Enterprise Linux system
  text help
    If the system will not boot, this lets you access files
    and edit config files to try to get it booting again.
  endtext
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=RHEL-7.0\x20Server.x86_64 rescue quiet

label memtest
  menu label Run a ^memory test
  text help
    If your system is having issues, a problem with your
    system's memory may be the cause. Use this utility to
    see if the memory is working correctly.
  endtext
  kernel memtest

menu separator # insert an empty line

label local
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff

menu separator # insert an empty line
menu separator # insert an empty line

label returntomain
  menu label Return to ^main menu
  menu exit

menu end